决战高考 人 或 that The woman that is playing the piano is Miss that指人做主语 Zhang. 正在弹钢琴的那位妇女是张小姐。 I’d like to see the films that are just on show. that指物做主语 我想看那些刚上映的电影。 例 句 说 明 种类 先行词 关联词 物 that all, little much和 some,an y every ,no 构成的 合成代 that 词 人 或 物 定 语 从 句 人 或 物 时 间 when that They talked for about an hour of things and 先行词分别表示人 persons that they remember in the school. 和物，关系代词要用他们谈起他们所记得起的学校里的人和事，that，不用who或which 谈了大约有半个小时。 I’ll tell you all(that )I know about it . 先行词表示物，关系我要告诉你我所知道这件事的一切情况。 代词用that不用Is there anything (that) I can do for you? which, 在从句中做有什么我可以帮助做的事吗？ 宾语可省去 。如果I’ve brought everything (that )you need. 先行词是人时，关系我把你需要的东西都拿来了。 代词不受制约，用 that或who (whom) 均可 This is the best film that I have seen . 这是我看过的最好的一部电影。 The first place that we’ll visit is Beijing Library. 先行词被形容词最我们要参观的第一个地方是北京图书馆 高级或序数词修饰时定语从句用that引导。 He is the only person that is believable. 先行词被the only, 他是唯一可靠的人。 the very,the same 等John is the very person that she wants to see. 修饰时用关系代词that. 约翰正是她要见的人。 Who is the man that is talking with Tom ? 正在和汤姆谈话的人是谁？ Which of the books that you bought is easy to 当主句以who、read? which开头的特殊疑你买的那些书中哪一本容易读。 问句时，定语从句要用that He came at a time when we. needed him most.在定语从句中作时他在我们最需要的时候来了。 间状语 We’ll never forget the day when the People’s Republic of China was founded. 我们永远不会忘记中华人民共和国成立的那一天。 注：先行词是time, minute, moment, next tim很少用关系副词when,可用that 但通常省去。 地点 where This is the room where he put up for the 在定语从句中作地点状语 night. 这就是他渡过夜晚的那房子。 决战高考 原因 理由 why I know the reason why she studies so well . 在定语从句中作原因状语 我知道她学习好的原因。 （2）非限制性定语从句 种类 先行词 关联词 非 限 制 性 定 语 从 句 who whom which 物 没有固which 定的先 行词而 是一个 句子 as 人 例 句 说 明 George ,who is my classmate, has who, whom不能省去，也不能用won a scholarship. that代替 乔治获得了奖学金，他是我的同 学。 Dr. Li , whom I know very well, will come here tomorrow. 李大夫明天将来这儿，我跟他很 熟悉。 I gave him a New Year card ,which which指物，不可省去，也不能he enjoyed very much. 用that代替 我给他一张贺年卡，他很喜欢它。 He studies hard at school when he was young, which leads to his which作主语指它前面的整个句success in his later life . 子，不可用that代替，强调结果。 他年轻时在校学习努力，这导致 了他后来生活中的成功。 He gets up early ，as is always his habit. as指全句，在从句中做主语。 他总是早起床，这是他的习惯。 John was admitted into the college, as we had expected. as指全句意思，在从句中做宾语。 约翰被大学录取了，这是我们期 待的。 The earth ,as is known to all ,is as引导的定语从句可以放在句round. 首，句中或句末。 人人皆知，地球是圆的。 This is the same book as I lost 用于the same? as, such? yesterday. as ,as?as等结构中。 这本书与我昨天丢失的那本书一样。
（3）限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别
从句与先行词的关系 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 从句是先行词不可缺少的定从句只是对先行词的附加说语，如果省去，主句的意思就明，如果省去,主句的意思仍然会不完整或不明确。 清楚或完整 从句和主句之间不用逗号分开 从句和主句之间通常用逗号分开 标 点 决战高考 关 系 代 词修饰 翻译 指人who (that) whom 指人who（作主语）whom（做指物which (that) 宾语） 人和物whose 指物which 关系代词在从句中作宾语时可人和物的whose 以省去 关系代词一般不可省 从句只修饰一个名词或代词 可以修饰一个名词或代词也可修饰整个主句 定语从句译在被修饰词的前面 定语从句通常被译成另一个独立的句子 【专项训练】 1．Football is a very interesting game , is played all over the world． A．that B．which C．it D．who 2．Is there anything else you require? A．which B．that C．who D．what 3．The last place we visited was the Great Wall． A．which B．that C．where D．it 4．He talked happily about the men and books interested him greatly in the school． A．which B．who C．it D．that 5．The reailway tunnel,though the train goes, will be completed soon． A．which B．that C．it D．whom 6．His uncle works in a factory bicycles are made． A．that B．which C．where D．there 7．There is no dictionary you can find everything． A．that B．which C．where D．in that 8．Next month, you’ll spend in your hometown is coming． A．which B．that C．when D．where 9．Next month, you’ll be in your hometown is coming． A．which B．that C．when D．where 10．I often thought of my childhood , I lived on a farm． A．which B．where C．when D．who 11．He wanted to know the time he needed to know ． A．that B．when C．where D．what 12．There isn’t so much noise in the country in big cities． A．that B．which
决战高考
C．where D．as
13．They could only read such stories had been rewritten in simple English ． A．that B．which C．as D．what
14．The stems of bamboo are hollow makes them very light． A．which B．as C．that D．it
15．Crusoe’s dog hecame ill and died , made him very lonely ． A．as B．which C．that D．this
16．They’ve invited me to their party , is kind of them． A．as B．which C．That D．this
17． we know now ,bats come out only at night ． A．As B．Which C ．That D．What
18．John got beaten in the game , had been expected ． A．as B．that C．what D．who
19． has been said above ,grammar is a set of dead rules． A．Which B．What C．That D．As
20．Do you know the reason he was late? A．that B．which C．for what D．for which
21．He built a telescope he could study the skies． A．in which B．with that C．through which D．by it
22．I have bought two ballpens , writes well ． A．none of which B．neither of which C．none of them D．neither of them
23．There are two thousand students in our school , are girls ． A．of whom two thirds B．two -thirds of them C．two -third in them D．two -thirds in which 24．Do you know the man ? A．whom I spoke B．to who I spoke C．I spoke to D．that I spoke
25．The factory we’ll visit next week isn’t far from here ． A．where B．in which C．which D．to which 26．This is one of the best films this year． A．have been shown B．that have shown C．that have been shown D．which has been shown 27．Can you lend me the book the other day ? A．you talked about B．about that you talked C．that you talked D．which you talked
28．Is there any one in you class family is in the city ． A．who B．who’s