2、动名词还可以用于―动词+介词‖之后
look forward to doing sth. 期待、盼望做某事 I am looking forward to seeing him tomorrow. be accustomed to doing sth. 习惯于做某事
I am accustomed to getting up early. 我习惯早起. be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事
I am used to getting up early. 我习惯早起.
比较：I used to get up early but I don't anymore. 我过去常早起,但现在不再早起了。
devote to doing sth. 奉献给某事, 把……奉献给…… devote oneself to doing sth. (全身心投入做某事) She devotes herself to teaching.
My mother devotes herself to doing homework. object to doing sth. 反对做某事
I object to eating out. 我反对在外面吃饭.
get/be tired of doing sth. 对……厌烦, 作为系动词get可与be 替换 believe in 信任,信仰
believe in + sb. 表示信任某人,信仰某人 believe in + doing sth. 表示我的信条是...
I belive in taking it easy. （take it easy 轻松,放松,慢慢来）
accuse sb. of doing sth. 因某事控告某人（accuse vt. 控告；指控） The police accused him of stealing. 警方控告他犯有盗窃罪.
3、在start，begin，continue等后面，既可用不定式又可以用动名词，区别不大：
I began to learn/learning English two years ago.
4、在love，like，prefer等动词后，用不定式和动名词意义有所区别。 hate,love,like+doing sth. 表示一种习惯(always) hate,love,like+to do sth. 表示某一次性的行为(now)
would love /like to do sth. 表示想要, 习惯于在前面加 would
餐厅服务员习惯会问: ―Would you like to…?‖，而不会用 ―Do you like…?‖，他只关心你现在想吃什么,而不管你平常吃什么。 I hate to do sth.… 不喜欢……
I hate to say I have no money , but I really need some. 说明这个人要向你借钱了
I hate to say but I really have something important to do. 你想拒绝别人的邀请时可用的句型 prefer…to…结构中只能用动名词
Why don‘t you drive to work instead of walking? I prefer walking to driving.
5、在need，want之后，动名词形式具有被动的含义，相当于被动的不定式： 如果以物体做主语，可以直接加动词-ing，表达被动的含义
My shirt is torn. It needs mending. 我的衬衫撕破了, 需要缝补.
Those windows are dirty. They want washing. 那些窗户很脏, 需要洗刷.
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【Special Difficulties】 catch and run
catch主要意思是―抓住、捉住、逮住‖，但有时可以表示―（及时）赶上、追上‖等：
He ran quickly to catch the last bus home.
When she caught up with them, she saw that they were going through the contents of the bag.
run的本意是―跑‖，后面加上不同的小品词可以表达―追赶，逃跑‖等多种含义： She has run off with all his money. The man ran away with her bag.
Lesson 45 A clear conscience
★conscience n. 良心, 道德心 a clear conscience 问心无愧
I have a clear conscience. 我问心无愧
a guilty/bad conscience 问心有愧 (guilty adj.犯罪的, 有罪的, 心虚的) I have a guilty conscience. 我问心有愧 ★wallet n. 皮夹, 钱夹 (一般指的是男用的那种皮夹) purse n. 钱包(女士用) handbag n. 手袋
billfold n. 皮夹, 钱包(美语) (意为纸币折叠形成的, 很形象) ★savings n. 存款
savings account 存款账号(有利息的, 有点象活期存款) checking account 存款(没有利息) deposit n. 定金
deposit account 存款(有利息, 有点象定期存款) ATM （auto teller machine） 自动取款机 self-service machine 自助银行 cash card 取款卡 IC ① interchange 高速公路转换出入口
② integrate circuit [电]集成电路,指令计数器 ★per cent 百分之…… three per cent 百分之三
【课文讲解】
1、A clear conscience 问心无愧
a clear conscience又可译为―清白的良心‖，相当于a good conscience，反义词a bad conscience（感到内疚）。
2、 The whole village soon learnt that a large sum of money had been lost. village在这里为总称，指―村民‖，the whole village指―全村的人‖，后面通常跟单数动词（有时也可视为复数）
The whole village was excited by news. learn v. 得知，获悉
the whole world learnt… 全世界都知道…… I‘ve just learnt that she was ill.
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a large sum of… 一大笔……
3、Sam Benton, the local butcher, had lost his wallet while taking his savings to the post office.
while doing是现在分词短语用于连词之后，作用相当于一个时间状语从句。现在分词这样用的前提是两个动词的主语是同一个，并且这两个动作通常是同时发生（即这句话一定要是进行时态）。如果主语不一致则必须用从句。 这句话完整的应为: while he was taking his savings…
4、Sam was sure that the wallet must have been found by one of the villagers, but it was not returned to him.
must have done 表示对过去的推测；must have been done 表示对过去被动的推测
5、Three months passed, and then one morning, Sam found his wallet outside his front door.
三种表示一段时间以后,另外一件事情发生的方式： ① …passed, and then ② some time later ③ some time passed before…
6、It had been wrapped up in newspaper and it contained half the money he had lost, together with a note which said: 'A thief, yes, but only 50 per cent a thief!'
wrap up 包裹
It had been wrapped up in newspaper by somebody. (用报纸包用in，不能用by) half the money =half of the money钱的一半（half 直接加在名词前表示 ―一半‖ ）
half an hour 半个小时 ， half a year 半年 Half the bread/half of the bread was bad.
together with… = with… 随它一起的还有……（介词短语作状语） I with my son went there. 我带着我的儿子去了 My son and I went there. 我和我儿子去那里。 a note said… 纸条上说…… the picture said… 图片上说…… newspaper said… 报纸上说……
7、Two months later, some more money was sent to Sam with another note: 'Only 25 per cent a thief now!'
some more money 又有一些钱 (more 又, 再) 8、In time, all Sam's money was paid back in this way. in time = in the end 最终，最后，经过一段时间 In time, he found all the books he needed. I‘ll tell you everything in time. pay back 还回来 in the way 以这种方式
You must pay attention to your spelling. In this way, you can become a good secrtary in time.
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【Special Difficulties】 Steal and Rob
steal （something from someone or somewhere） 偷（从某人或某处） steal (sth.) from (sb.) steal后跟（被偷）物
The man who stole my wallet took my address book as well. Someone has stolen my bag from me. rob （someone of something ）（ a building，a blank，a house，etc.） 抢（某人的某物）（ 大 楼 、 银行 、 房 子 等 ） rob (sb.) of (sth.) rob后跟人或地方
I lost my address book when that man robbed me of my bag. The police have caught the men who robbed the bank. Pay back ① 偿还
Yesterday Sam borrowed some money from me and said that he would pay me back in a week. ② 报答；向……报复（pay sb. back）
You‘ve been very kind to me. How can I pay you back?
I‘ll pay you back for what you did to me. 你对我这样，我一定会报仇的。 He embarrassed me at the party. I‘ll pay him back someday.
Lesson 46 Expensive and uncomfortable
★unload v. 卸（货） load v. 装货 ★extremely adv. 非常, 极其
extremely 把一个形容词或副词推到了极限，达到了无以复加的程度 I am extremely tired. 我累极了 ★occur vi. 发生 ① vi. 发生 When did the accident occur？ ② vi. 被想起，被想到
It occured to sb. that… 某人想起了……
It occured to me that I didn't finish my homework. 我想起我还没完成作业 It occurs to sb. to do sth. 某人想起了……
It suddenly occurred to one of the workers to open up the box. 突然一个工人想到打开箱子看看
sth. occur to sb. 某人突然想起某件事 (从后面往前面翻) A good idea occured to me. = I have a good idea. happen vi. 发生 What happened/occured ?
It happened to me… 这件事发生在我身上 What happened to the clavichord?
What happened to you? = What's wrong with you? 什么事发生在你身上? ★astonish vt. 使惊讶 如果一个动词跟人的情绪有关，则它的宾语是人，其形容词有两个：令人 –ing；感到 -ed
astonishing adj. 令人惊讶 ； astonished adj. 感到惊讶的 I am surprised.-->astonished-->astounded-->shocked 惊讶程度递增
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