目录
摘要 ············································································································································ 2 Abstract ······································································································································· 3 目录 ············································································································································ 1 第1章 绪论 ····························································································································· 3 1.1项目开发背景 ···················································································································· 3 1.2项目开发目标 ···················································································································· 4 1.3项目开发的意义 ················································································································ 4 第2章 系统开发工具介绍 ········································································································ 5 2.1 VisualBasic 6.0简介 ··········································································································· 5 2.1.1 VisualBasic主要特点： ·································································································· 5 2.2 SQl SEVER 2000简介 ······································································································· 6 2.2.1特性 ····························································································································· 6 2.2.2优点： ························································································································· 7 第3章 系统分析 ······················································································································· 7 3.1 可行性分析 ······················································································································· 7 3.1.1 技术可行性 ················································································································· 7 3.1.3 社会环境可行性 ········································································································· 8 3.2 需求分析 ··························································································································· 8 3.2.1 系统性能需求 ············································································································· 8 3.2.2 乘客功能需求 ············································································································· 9 第4章 系统总体设计 ·············································································································· 10 4.1 系统功能模块图 ············································································································· 10 4.2系统流程设计 ·················································································································· 12 4.2.1乘客登录流程图： ···································································································· 12 4.2.2密码修改流程： ············································································································ 12 4.2.3业务流程图 ················································································································ 13 4.2.4数据流程图 ················································································································ 14 4.3 数据库设计 ····················································································································· 15 4.3.1 数据库设计概要 ····································································································· 15 4.4结构设计 ·························································································································· 17 4.4.1系统类图： ················································································································ 17 4.4.2系统用例图 ················································································································ 18 4.3.3 E-R图 ························································································································ 19 第5章 系统设计与实现 ·········································································································· 19 5.1关键技术的实现 ·············································································································· 19 5.2算法思路以及实现 ··········································································································· 20 5.2.1站点查询： ················································································································ 20 5.2.2换乘算法 ···················································································································· 21 5.3 VB与SQLSERVER数据库连接使用 ············································································· 25 5.4 系统的实现 ····················································································································· 26 第6章 运行测试与维护 ·········································································································· 31
6.1测试目的 ·························································································································· 31 6.2测试原则 ·························································································································· 31 6.3测试内容 ·························································································································· 32 第7章 结论与展望 ·················································································································· 33 7.1 结论 ································································································································ 33 7.2 展望 ································································································································ 34 致谢 ·········································································································································· 34 参考文献 ··································································································································· 34 附录 ·········································································································································· 35 系统登陆模块设计 ················································································································ 35 系统主界面设计 ···················································································································· 36 乘客管理置 ···························································································································· 37 站点信息管理 ························································································································ 40 线路信息管理 ························································································································ 43 经过站点管理 ························································································································ 46 站点车型································································································································ 50 乘车方案查询 ························································································································ 51 站点信息浏览 ························································································································ 53
第1章 绪论
1.1项目开发背景
随着城市建设的快速发展，公交车作为一种大众的交通工具，已深入人们的日常生活。但是我国城市公交乘客信息系统的发展处于一个落后的水平，广大乘客可以获得信息的方式很少，公交信息的完整性和准确性得不到保证，而且还没有专门的机构负责信息的发布和管理。我国公交乘客信息系统的现状特点如下:
(1) 我国乘客一般获得公交信息的方式局限于电话，交通图，向熟人问讯等常规方式。乘客可以获得的公交信息较少．
(2)乘客出行中获得信息困难，基本上没有实时信息。除了几个少数城市，乘客可以通过分布于城市中的若干电子站牌获得一些公交车辆的运营信息以外，在其它城市“出行中”的乘客无法获得任何实时信息。
由上所述，我国公交乘客信息系统总体上处于较低水平。较低的发展水平既是发展的困难，也是发展的机遇。我们应将发展公交乘客信息系统作为一个提高公交效率，增强公交吸引力的重要手段。
这里指的公交查询系统就是网络上的公交查询网站，它的出现解决了现代公交乘客信息系统中的很多不足的地方，它的主要优势体现在省时、经济、准确，这三个方面。从省时这个角度讲，根据公交查询系统人们可以选择从出发地到目的地的所有乘坐路线，在所有的的乘车路线中按自己的路线选择。可以选择直达的，这样节省的是车上时间。车下时间的节省更是很明显的，不用再在路边或者打电话询问熟人了，由于现代网络的普及使得普通公民上网的时间和机会越来越多，所以人们可以很容易的从公交查询网站捕获到自己需要的信息，这节省的是车下时间。经济这方面也得到很好的体现，由于现代公交乘客信息系统存在的消息捕获得不到保证，在这个时间就是金钱的时代人们可不愿意乘错车而错失自己的金钱。准确性是整个公交系统中的一个重点也是人们最希望得到保证的，公交查询系统根据公交线路的调整及时更新数据库使得人们不必为自己的错误记忆或是不熟悉线路而付出时间和金钱的代价，目的才是最终想要的，所以准确性才是最重要的[1]。
1.2项目开发目标
城市公交直接关系着城市的经济发展与居民生活，以其方便、快捷、容量大而成为城市交通的主体。但是随着公交系统的庞大，人们很难得到准确的公交信息，这样给一些人的出行就带来了不便。因此，需要一个方便、快捷的公交信息系统，实现中心控制、自动更新、查询灵活、信息及时准确等功能。
? 能够对公交信息进行管理
? 能够实现系统管理功能，对不同乘客实现不同界面，提供不同的菜
单工具，对权限有一定的管理功能。 ? 能够通过连接网络实现动态的更新公交信息 ? 能够实现多种查询方式 ? 能够对留言进行回复 ? 要求系统安全稳定
1.3项目开发的意义
随着交通越来越复杂，出行的人们要在外获得准确及时的交通信息除了打电话，查看地图，询问陌生人之外别无他法，目前就我国，人们出行公交还是首选的交通工具。我国人口多，出行频率高，随着人们经济生活水平的提高，更多的人选择外出旅游，外出的每个人不可能带着图纸走到哪看到哪，坐车更不可能走一路找一路，人们需要的是一个能快速简单的提供交通信息的工具，不用携带，只需在站点处轻轻点击鼠标遍能查到乘车方案的一个信息浏览点。我国目前这种即时的准确的交通系统目前只在少数的几个城市中有，大部分城市出行的人们还是会感到不方便。公交查询系统是基于C/S模式，易于上手，轻松方便的点几下鼠标便可实现公交信息查询和线路选择，这给人们出行提供了很大的方便。不用在出行前翻阅公交路线表，更不用在路边迷茫的等待公交，解决了乘客外出乘车信息缺乏的问题。