±ÏÒµÉè¼Æ

300MWµçÕ¾»ØÈȼÓÈÈÆ÷·ÂտģÐͽ¨Á¢¼°¾­¼ÃÔËÐзÖÎö

A¡ªÓë¸øË®Æ½¾ùζÈÓйصÄϵÊý£¬¿Éͨ¹ý¹«Ê½(3¡ª11)¼ÆË㣺

A?1190?21.5tf?0.045t2 f £¨3-11£©tf¡ª¸øË®Æ½¾ùζȣ¬0C£¬tf?Ts??tm¡£

(6)Äý½áÁ÷Á¿¼ÆËã

¸ù¾Ý´«ÈÈѧºÍ¼ÓÈÈÆ÷ÓйØÀíÂÛ£ºÈÎһʱ¿ÌµÄÕôÆûÄý½áÁ¿¿ÉÓÃÏÂʽ¼ÆË㣺

FCOND?KCONDACOND?tmCOND £¨3-12£©

Hsav?Hs ʽÖÐ FCOND¡ªÄý½áÁ÷Á¿£¬kg/s£»

KCOND¡ªÄý½á×Ü»»ÈÈϵÊý£¬W/(m,20C)£» ACOND¡ªÄý½á¶Î»»ÈÈÃæ»ý£¬m2£»

?tmCOND¡ªÄý½á¶Î¶ÔÊýƽ¾ùβ0C£»

Hsav¡ªÄý½á¶ÎÕôÆûƽ¾ùìÊ£¬kj/kg£»

Hs¡ªÄý½á¶ÎÊèË®±¥ºÍìÊ£¬kj/kg

(7) ¼ÓÈÈÆ÷ѹÁ¦¼ÆËã

¼ÓÈÈÆ÷ÖеÄ×é·ÖÖг£º¬Óв»Äý½áÆøÌ壬Èç¿ÕÆøµÈ¡£²»Äý½áÆøÌåµÄÀ´Ô´ÓÐÈýÖÖ:Ò»ÊǼÓÈÈÆ÷ÔËÐÐǰ¿ÇÌåÄڲдæµÄ¿ÕÆøÃ»Óм°Ê±Åųö£»ÊǼÓÈÈÆ÷ÔËÐÐÖÐÓÉÓÚÆû»úÖá·â²»ÑÏ»ò³ýÑõÆ÷³ýÑõЧ¹û²»ºÃ£¬ÖÂʹ³éÆûÖк¬Óв»Äý½áÆøÌ壻ÊÇһЩÔËÐÐѹÁ¦µÍÓÚ»·¾³Ñ¹Á¦µÄµÍѹ¼ÓÈÈÆ÷£¬ÓÉÓÚ¿ÇÌåµÄÃÜ·âÐԲ¶øÊ¹¿ÕÆøÂ©Èë¼ÓÈÈÆ÷ÖÐ[4]¡£

Òò´Ë£¬¼ÆËã¼ÓÈÈÆ÷ѹÁ¦Ê±Ó¦¿¼ÂÇ¿ÕÆøµÈ²»Äý½áÆøÌå¶Ô¼ÓÈÈÆ÷ѹÁ¦µÄÓ°Ïì¡£°Ñ¼ÓÈÈÆ÷ÖеÄÕôÆûºÍ²»Äý½áÆøÌå¾ù°´ÀíÏëÆøÌ忼ÂÇ£¬ÓÉÀíÏëÆøÌå״̬·½³Ì¿ÉµÃÆä¶¯Ì¬»ù±¾·½³Ì£º

Psteam?msteamRsteamTsteam/Vsteam £¨3-13£©

Pair?mairRairTair/Vair £¨3-14£©

ʽÖÐ:Psteam¡ª¼ÓÈÈÆ÷µÄÕôÆû·Öѹ£¬MPa£»

msteam¡ª¼ÓÈÈÆ÷µÄÕôÆûÖÊÁ¿£¬kg£»

Rsteam¡ªÕôÆûµÄƽ¾ùÆøÌå³£Êý£¬kj/(kg/K)£» Tsteam¡ªÕôÆû¾ø¶Ôζȣ¬K£»

Vsteam¡ª¼ÓÈÈÆ÷ÖÐÕôÆûµÄÌå»ý£¬m3£» Pair¡ª¼ÓÈÈÆ÷µÄ¿ÕÆø·Öѹ£¬MPa£»

mair¡ª¼ÓÈÈÆ÷µÄ¿ÕÆøÖÊÁ¿£¬kg£»

Rair¡ª¿ÕÆøµÄƽ¾ùÆøÌå³£Êý£¬kj/(kg/K)£» Tair¡ª¿ÕÆø¾ø¶Ôζȣ¬K£»

Vair¡ª¡ª¼ÓÈÈÆ÷ÖÐ¿ÕÆøµÄÌå»ý£¬m3£»

¸ù¾ÝµÀ¶û¶Ù·Öѹ¶¨ÂÉ£¬¼ÓÈÈÆ÷µÄѹÁ¦µÈÓÚÕôÆû·ÖѹºÍ¿ÕÆø·Öѹ֮ºÍ£¬¼´

- 15 -

ÉòÑô¹¤³ÌѧԺ±ÏÒµÉè¼Æ(ÂÛÎÄ)

PHTR?Psteam?Pair £¨3-15£©

2 ¹ýÈȶÎ

(l) ¹ýÈȶÎÓëÄý½á¶ÎµÄ·Ö½çµã

ÈçǰËùÊö£¬¹ýÈȶεÄÕôÆûÔÚ´«Èȹý³ÌÖÐûÓÐÏà±ä£¬Òò¶ø¿É°Ñ¹ýÈȶεÄÕôÆû³ö¿ÚζÈT2×÷Ϊ¹ýÈȶÎÓëÄý½á¶ÎµÄ·Ö½çµã£¬×î¼Ñ·Ö½çµãµÄζÈT2¿Éͨ¹ý¹«Ê½(3-16)¼ÆË㣺

/M(R-1)T(-t)ss T2=Ts+ £¨3-16£©

R+M-1R¡ªÏµÊý£¬R=kCOND/kDSH

CP¡ª¸øË®¶¨Ñ¹±ÈÈÈÈÝ£¬kj/(kg.0C)£» Hs¡ª±¥ºÍÕôÆûìÊ£¬kj/kg£»

kCOND¡ªÄý½á¶Î×Ü´«ÈÈϵÊý£¬W/(m2.0C)£» kDSH¡ª¹ýÈȶÎ×Ü´«ÈÈϵÊý£¬W/(m2.0C)£» t4¡ª¹ýÈȶθøË®³ö¿Úζȣ¬0C£»

t3/¡ª¶ÔÓ¦ÓÚ±¥ºÍÕôÆûTsµÄÄý½á¶Î¸øË®³ö¿Úζȣ¬0C£¬¿ÉÓÉ

t3/=t3-(T2-sT)/MµÃ³ö£» t3Ò»Äý½á¶Î¸øË®³ö¿Úζȣ¬.0C£»

ÓëT2ÏàÓ¦µÄÕôÆû³ö¿ÚìÊH2¿ÉÒÔ²éË®ÕôÆûÐÔÖʱíÇóµÃ¡£

Äý½á¶ÎµÄ¸øË®³ö¿ÚζÈt3Ò༴Ϊ¹ýÈȶεĸøË®½ø¿Úζȣ¬¸ù¾ÝÏÂÁй«Ê½¿ÉÒÔ¼ÆËã³ö¹ýÈȶθøË®µÄ³ö¿ÚζÈ(²»¿¼ÂÇ´«ÈȹܽðÊôÈÈÈݵÄÓ°Ïì)£º

QDSH=D(H1-H2)=Gcp(t4-t3) £¨3-17£©

/ʽÖÐM¡ªÏµÊý£¬M=(T1-Ts)/(t4-t3)

ÓÉÉÏʽ¿ÉµÃ£º

t4=t3+D(H1-H2) £¨3-18£©

Gcp(2)¹ýÈȶεĴ«ÈÈÁ¿¼ÆËã

¹ýÈȶεĴ«ÈÈÁ¿¼ÆËãÓëÄý½á¶ÎµÄ´«ÈÈÁ¿¼ÆËãÔÚ»úÀíÉÏÊÇÒ»ÑùµÄ£¬´«ÈÈÁ¿¼ÆËãʽÈçÏ£»

QDSH=kDSHFDSHDtmDSH £¨3-19£©

ʽÖÐ QDSH¡ª¹ýÈȶδ«ÈÈÁ¿£¬W£»

FDSH¡ª¹ýÈȶδ«ÈÈÃæ»ý£¬m2£»

DtmDSH¡ª¹ýÈȶζÔÊýƽ¾ùβ0C£»

- 16 -

300MWµçÕ¾»ØÈȼÓÈÈÆ÷·ÂտģÐͽ¨Á¢¼°¾­¼ÃÔËÐзÖÎö

kDSH¡ª¹ýÈȶδ«ÈÈϵÊý£¬W/(m2.0C)

£¨3£© ¹ýÈȶζÔÊýƽ¾ùβî

DtmDSH=(T1-t4)-(T2-t3) £¨3-20£©

T1-t4lnT2-t3(4) ¹ýÈȶεÄ×Ü´«ÈÈϵÊý

¹ýÈȶεÄ×Ü´«ÈÈϵÊýÓëÄý½á¶ÎµÄ×Ü´«ÈÈϵÊý¼ÆËãʽÏàËÆ£º

KDSH=11a1DSHd1d0d+()++Rh(0)a2dildi £¨3-21£©

ʽÖÐ a1DSH¡ª¹ýÈȶιÜÍâÕôÆûÖÁ¹Ü±Ú´«ÈÈ·ÖϵÊýW/(m2.0C)£»

a2¡ª¹ÜÄÚ¸øË®¶ÔÁ÷´«ÈÈ·ÖϵÊýW/(m2.0C)£»

d0¡ª¹ÜÍâ¾¶£¬m£» di¡ª¹ÜÄÚ¾¶£¬m£»

d¡ª¹Ü±Úºñ¶È£¬m£»

l¡ª¹Ü±ÚÈȵ¼ÂÊ£¬W/(m2.0C)£» Rh¡ªÎÛ¹¸ÈÈ×裬m2.0C/W¡£ (5) ÕôÆûÖÁ¹Ü±Ú´«ÈÈ·ÖϵÊýµÄ¼ÆËã

ÓÉ´«ÈÈѧÀíÂÛ¿ÉÖª£¬»»ÈÈÆ÷¹ýÈȶδ«ÈÈÊÇÍâÂÓ¹ÜÊø»»ÈÈ£¬Í¨³£»»ÈÈÆ÷¹ÜÊøµÄÓвæÅźÍ˳ÅÅÁ½ÖÖÅÅÁз½Ê½£¬²æÅÅʱÁ÷ÌåÔÚ¹Ü¼ä½»ÌæÊÕËõºÍÀ©ÕŵÄÍäÇú¹ÜµÀÖÐÁ÷¶¯£¬±È˳ÅÅʱÔڹܼäµÄÁ÷¶¯ÈŶ¯¾çÁÒ¡£Òò´Ë£¬Ò»°ã²æÅÅʱµÄ»»ÈȽÏ˳ÅÅʱǿ¡£¼ÓÈÈÆ÷Ò»°ã¶¼²ÉÓòæÅÅ£¬Ë³ÅŹÜÊø¼«ÎªÉÙ¼û¡£

Ó°Ïì¹ÜÊø»»ÈȵÄÒòËØ³ýÀ×ŵÊýRe£¬ÆÕÀÊÌØÊýPrÍ⣬»¹ÓйÜÊøµÄÅÅÁÐÐÍʽ(²æÅźÍ˳ÅÅ)£»¹Ü¼ä¾à£»¹ÜÊøÅÅÊýµÈ¡£

¶ÔÓÚÁ¢Ê½¼ÓÈÈÆ÷¶øÑÔ£¬¹ýÈÈÕôÆû×ÝÂÓ²æÅŹÜÊø£¬Æä´«ÈÈϵÊý¼ÆËãʽÈçÏ£º

a1DSH=0.023ls0.80.4RePr £¨3-22£© de¸ÃʽµÄÊÊÓ÷¶Î§£ºRe>104£¬Pr=0.7£­120£¬l/de350¡£¶¨ÐÔζÈÈ¡ÓùýÈÈÕôÆûµÄƽ¾ùζȣ¬¶¨ÐԳߴçΪÕôÆûͨµÀµÄµ±Á¿Ö±¾¶de¡£

ʽÖÐ ls¡ªÒÔÆ½¾ùζȼÆËãµÄ¹ýÈÈÕôÆûÈȵ¼ÂÊ£¬W/(m2.0C)£»

l¡ª¹Ü×Ó³¤¶È£¬m£»

de¡ª¹ýÈÈÕôÆûͨµÀµÄµ±Á¿Ö±¾¶£¬m£¬de=4As/Us£»AsΪͨÁ÷½ØÃæ»ý£¬

m2£¬UsΪÈóʪÖܳ¤£¬m£»

Re¡ªÀ×ŵÊý£¬Re=d0ws/vs£»wsΪ¹ýÈÈÕôÆûÁ÷ËÙ£¬°´×ÝÂÓ¹ÜÊøµÄ×îС

½ØÃæ»ýAs¼ÆË㣺ws=Dvs/As£¬m/s£¬usΪ¹ýÈÈÕôÆû±ÈÈÝ£¬m3/kg£¬Í¨¹ý²éË®

ÕôÆûÐÔÖʱí¿ÉµÃ;vsΪÕôÆûµÄÔ˶¯Õ³¶È£¬vs=msus£¬m2/s;msΪÕôÆûµÄ¶¯Á¦Õ³

- 17 -

ÉòÑô¹¤³ÌѧԺ±ÏÒµÉè¼Æ(ÂÛÎÄ)

¶È£¬pa.s£¬¿Éͨ¹ý²éË®ÕôÆûÐÔÖʱíµÃ³ö¡£

Pr¡ªÆÕÀÊÌØÊý£¬Pr=1000mscp/ls£»

¶ÔÓÚÎÔʽ¼ÓÈÈÆ÷£¬¹ýÈÈÕôÆûºáÂÓ²æÅŹÜÊøÊ±£¬Æä´«ÈÈϵÊý¼ÆËãʽÈçÏ£º

a1DSH=0.35ls0.60.36 RePr £¨3-23£©

de¸ÃʽµÄÊÊÓ÷¶Î§£º102

ʽÖÐ ls¡ª¡ªÒÔÆ½¾ùζȼÆËãµÄ¹ýÈÈÕôÆûÈȵ¼ÂÊ£¬W/(m2.0C)£»

Re¡ª¡ªÀ×ŵÊý£¬Re=d0ws/vs£»wsΪ¹ýÈÈÕôÆûÁ÷ËÙ£¬°´×ÝÂÓ¹ÜÊøµÄ×î

С½ØÃæ»ýAs¼ÆË㣺ws=Dvs/As£¬m/s£¬usΪ¹ýÈÈÕôÆû±ÈÈÝ£¬m3/kg£¬Í¨¹ý²éË®ÕôÆûÐÔÖʱí¿ÉµÃ£»vsΪÕôÆûµÄÔ˶¯Õ³¶È£¬vs=msus£¬m2/s£»msΪÕôÆûµÄ¶¯Á¦Õ³¶È£¬pa.s£¬¿Éͨ¹ý²éË®ÕôÆûÐÔÖʱíµÃ³ö¡£

Pr¡ª¡ªÆÕÀÊÌØÊý£¬Pr=1000mscp/ls£¬»òͨ¹ý²éË®ÕôÆûÐÔÖʱíµÃ³ö¡£ (6) ×Ô±ÚÖÁ¸øË®µÄ¶ÔÁ÷´«ÈÈ·ÖϵÊý

¹ýÈȶιÜÄÚ¸øË®¶ÔÁ÷´«ÈÈ·ÖϵÊýÓëÄý½á¶Î¹ÜÄÚ¸øË®·ÖϵÊýµÄ¼ÆËãÍêÈ«Ïàͬ£¬ÕâÀï²»ÔÙÁгö¡£ 3 ÊèÀä¶Î

ÊèÀä¶ÎµÄ´«ÈÈÔ­ÀíÓë¹ýÈȶÎÊÇÒ»ÑùµÄ£¬Æä´«ÈÈ·ÖϵÊýµÄ¼ÆËãʽ¼òÊöÈçÏÂ[5]£º (1) ÊèÀä¶ÎµÄ´«ÈÈÁ¿¼ÆËã

´«ÈÈÁ¿¼ÆËãʽÈçÏ£º

QDC=kDCFDCDtmDC £¨3-24£©

ʽÖÐ QDC¡ª¡ª¹ýÈȶδ«ÈÈÁ¿£¬W£»

FDC¡ª¡ª¹ýÈȶδ«ÈÈÃæ»ý£¬m2£»

DtmDC¡ª¡ª¹ýÈȶζÔÊýƽ¾ùβ0C£»

kDC¡ª¡ª¹ýÈȶδ«ÈÈϵÊý£¬W/(m2.0C)£»

(2) ÊèÀä¶Î¶ÔÊýƽ¾ùβî

DtmDC=(Ts-t2)-(T4-t1) £¨3-25£©

Ts-t2lnT4-t1ʽÖÐ t1¡ª¡ªÊèÀä¶Î¸øË®½ø¿Úζȣ¬0C£»

t2¡ª¡ªÊèÀä¶Î¸øË®³ö¿Úζȣ¬0C£»

T4¡ª¡ªÊèÀä¶ÎÊèË®³ö¿Úζȣ¬0C£»

(3) ÊèÀä¶ÎµÄ×Ü´«ÈÈϵÊý

ÊèÀä¶ÎµÄ×Ü´«ÈÈϵÊý¿É±íʾΪ£º

- 18 -

ÁªÏµ¿Í·þ£º779662525#qq.com(#Ìæ»»Îª@)