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£¨2£©¼ÓÈëÉÙÁ¿NaOHÓÚ£¨1£©ÒºÖÐÖÁpHΪ10.0¡£ ´ð°¸£º ²éµÃCd2+¡ªNH3ÂçºÏÎïµÄlg¦Â1¡«lg¦Â£¶·Ö±ðΪ£º

2.60£¬4.65£¬6.04£¬6.92£¬6.6£¬4.9

Cd2+-OH-µÄlg¦Â1~lg¦Â4£º4.30£¬7.7£¬10.3£¬12.0 £¨1£©[NH3]?[NH4]?0.1 mol¡¤L-1

3??[OH?]?Kb?10?4.63molgL?1,pH?9.37

?Cd(NH)?1?[NH3]?1?[NH3]2?2?????[NH3]6?6?10?2.0?4.65?10?3.0?6.04?10?4.0?6.92?103.4lg?Cd(NH3)?3.4

?Cd(OH)?1?[OH?]?1?[OH?]2?2?[OH?]3?3?[OH-]4?4 ?1?10?4.6?4.3 ?100.2lg?Cd?3.4

£¨2£©pH=10.0

cKa0.2?10?9.37[NH3]????10.0?0.16?10?0.8(molgL?1) ?9.37[H]?Ka10?10»ò£º?NH3(H)?c(NH3)??1?[H?]KH(NH4)?1?10?10.0?9.37?100.1

[NH3]?[NH3]?c(NH3)?NH(H)3?0.2100.1?10?0.8

ͬ4¡ª5£¨1£©¼ÆËãµÃ£ºlg?Cd(NH3)?4.0£¬lg?Cd(OH)?0.5£¬lg?Cd?4.0

4.6 ¼ÆËãÏÂÃæÁ½ÖÖÇé¿öϵÄlgK¡ä(NiY)Öµ¡£

£¨1£©pH=9.0£¬c(NH3)=0.2mol¡¤L-1£»

£¨2£©pH=9.0£¬c(NH3)=0.2mol¡¤L-1£¬[CN-]=0.01mol¡¤L-1¡£ ´ð°¸£º

£¨1£©²éµÃlgK(NiY)?18.6£»Ni¡ªNH3ÂçºÏÎïµÄlg¦Â1~lg¦Â6

·Ö±ðΪ£º2.75£¬4.95£¬6.64£¬7.79£¬8.50£¬8.49£» pH=9.0ʱ£¬lg?NH3(H)?0.5£¬lg?Ni(OH)?0.1£¬lg?Y(H)?1.4

[NH3]?3c(NH3)?NH?0.23(H)100.5?10?1.2?0.06(molgL?1)

?Ni(NH)?1?[NH3]?1?[NH3]2?2?????[NH3]6?6 ?10?2.4?4.95?10?3.6?6.64?10?4.8?7.79?10?6.0?8.50 ?103.4lgK?(NiY)?lgK(NiY)?lg?Ni?lg?Y(H) ?18.6?3.4?1.4?13.8-£¨2£©[CN]?0.01 Ni?CNµÄlg?4?31.3

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?Ni(CN)?1?[CN?]4?4?1?10?2.0?4?31.3?1023.3?Ni??Ni(NH)??Ni(CN)??Ni(OH)?2

3 ?1023.3lgK?(NiY)?lgK(NiY)?lg?Ni?lg?Y(H) ?18.6?23.3?1.4??6.1

4.7 ½ñÓûÅäÖÆpH=5.0¡¢pCa=3.8µÄÈÜÒº£¬ËùÐèEDTAÓëCa2+ÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Ö®±È£¬

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pCa?lgK(CaY)?lg?Y(H)?lg[Y?][CaY][Y?]lg?3.8?10.7?6.6??0.3[CaY]

[Y?]:[CaY]?1:2 ¼´£ºn(EDTA):n(Ca)?3:2

4.8 ÔÚpHΪ10.0µÄ°±ÐÔ»º³åÈÜÒºÖУ¬ÒÔ2¡Á10-2mol¡¤L-1 EDTAµÎ¶¨Í¬Å¨¶ÈµÄPb2+ÈÜÒº¡£ÈôµÎ¶¨¿ªÊ¼Ê±¾ÆÊ¯ËáµÄ·ÖÎöŨ¶ÈΪ0.2 mol¡¤L-1£¬¼ÆË㻯ѧ¼ÆÁ¿µãʱµÄlgK¡ä(PbY)¡¢[Pb¡ä]ºÍ¾ÆÊ¯ËáǦÂçºÏÎïµÄŨ¶È¡£

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¾ÆÊ¯ËáÒÔH2L±íʾ£¬pKa1?2.9£¬pKa2?4.1

lgK(PbY)?18.0£¬lgK(PbL)?3.8

pH?10.0ʱ£¬lg?Y(H)?0.5£¬lg?Pb(OH)?2.7

csp(H2L)?[L]?0.1mol?L?1

?Pb(L)?1?[L]K(PbL)?1?10?1.0?3.8?102.8?Pb??Pb(L)??Pb(OH)?1?102.8?102.7?1?103.1lgK?(PbY)?lgK(PbY)?lg?Pb?lg?Y(H)?18.0?3.1?0.5?14.4(pPb?)sp?11lgK?(PbY)?pcsp(Pb)??14.4?2.0??8.2 22

??[Pb]sp?[Pb?]sp?Pb10?8.2?3.1?10?11.3 10ÓÖ

[PbL]sp?[Pb]sp[Pb]sp??Pb(L)?102.8

?[PbL]sp?102.8?11.3?10?11.3?10?8.5

»ò£º K(PbL)?[PbL]sp[Pb]sp[L]sp

?[PbL]sp?K(PbL)?[Pb]sp[L]sp?10?8.5

4.9 15mL 0.020 mol¡¤L-1 EDTAÓë10mL 0.020 mol¡¤L-1 Zn2+ÈÜÒºÏà»ìºÏ£¬ÈôpHΪ4.0£¬¼ÆËã[Zn2+]£»ÈôÓû¿ØÖÆ[Zn2+]Ϊ10-7.0 mol¡¤L-1£¬ÎÊÈÜÒºpHÓ¦¿ØÖÆÔÚ¶à´ó£¿ ´ð°¸£º

lgK(ZnY)?16.5£¬lgKH(ZnHY)?3.0

pH?4.0ʱ£¬lg?Y(H)?8.6£¬lg?Zn(OH)?0.0

?ZnY(H)?1?[H?]KH(ZnHY)?1?10?4.0?3.0?100.04

lgK?(ZnY)?lgK(ZnY)?lg?Zn(OH)?lg?Y(H)?lg?ZnY(H) ?16.5?0.0?8.6?0.04 ?7.9»ìºÏºó£¬ [Y?]?

15?0.020?10?0.020?10?2.40?0.0040

15?1010?0.020?10?2.10?0.008025 ?2.10?[ZnY]10?7.6[Zn]??7.9?10K?(ZnY)[Y?]10?10?2.40[ZnY?]?Èô¿ØÖÆ[Zn]=10-7.0

[ZnY?]10?2.10??7.0?2.40?107.3 Ôò K?(ZnY)?[Zn][Y?]10lg?Y(H)?lgK(ZnY)?lgK?(ZnY)?16.5?7.3?9.2

ÓÉlg?Y(H)~pHÇúÏߣ¬²éµÃpH¡Ö3.8

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²éµÃlgK(CdY)=16.5

HpH=5.5ʱ£¬ lg?Y(H)?5.7£¬lg?Cd(OH)?0£¬lgK(CdHY)?2.9

?CdY(H)?1?[H?]KH(CdHY)?1?10?5.5?2.9?1

·½·¨£¨1£©£º lgK(CdY?)?lgK(CdY)?lg?Y(H)?16.5?5.7?10.8

2?10?2?0.1%?10?5.0 spǰ0.1%£º[Cd]?2

2?10?2?0.1%?10?5.0 spºó0.1%£º[Y?]?2csp(Cd)[CdY]10?2.0[Cd]???10.8?5.0?10£­7.8

K(CdY?)[Y?]K(CdY?)[Y?]10µÎ¶¨Í»Ô¾pCdΪ£º5.0~7.8

pH 5.5ʱ£¬ÓÃXO×÷ָʾ¼Á£¬(pCd)t?5.0£¬¹ÊXO¿ÉÓà ·½·¨£¨2£©£ºlgcspK(CdY?)?lg(10?2.0?10.8)?8.8

ÈôEtΪ¡À0.1%£¬´ÓÎó²îͼÉϲéµÃ?pCd??1.4

Q(pCd)sp?1lgK(CdY?)?lgcsp(Cd)?6.4 2???µÎ¶¨Í»Ô¾pCdΪ£º5.0~7.8

4.11 ÔÚpH=13ʱ£¬ÓÃEDTAµÎ¶¨Ca2+¡£Çë¸ù¾Ý±íÖÐÊý¾Ý£¬Íê³ÉÌî¿Õ£º pCa Ũ¶Èc »¯Ñ§¼ÆÁ¿µãǰ0.1% »¯Ñ§¼ÆÁ¿µã »¯Ñ§¼ÆÁ¿µãºó0.1% 5.3 6.4 0.01 mol¡¤L-1

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