矿物加工有两类基本的作业，称为有用矿物从脉石矿物中的解离和有用矿物与脉石矿物的分离（富集）。
Liberation: Liberation of the valuable minerals from the gangue is accomplished by comminution to such a particle size that the product is a mixture of relatively clean particles of mineral and gangue. 解离：有用矿物与脉石矿物的解离是由粉碎来完成的，粉碎粒度要保证产品成为较为纯净的有用矿物和脉石矿物颗粒的混合物。
Concentration: Separation is usually achieved by utilizing some specific difference in physical or chemical properties between the valuable mineral and gangue minerals in the ore. 富集：分离通常利用矿石中有用矿物和脉石矿物物理或化学性质的差异来完成的。
Mineral processing methods
1. Separation dependent on optical and radioactive properties 根据矿物光学性质或放射性的差异。
2. Separation dependent on specific gravity differences. 根据矿物比重的的差异
3. Separation utilizing the different surface properties of the minerals. 根据矿物表面性质的的差异。
4. Separation dependent on magnetic properties 根据矿物磁性的差异。
5. Separation dependent on electrical conductivity properties. 根据矿物导电性的差异。 Other important steps
Heat treatment: Roasting, Calcination，sizing of the ore and dewatering of the mineral pulps.
热处理：焙烧，煅烧，矿石的分级和矿浆脱水。
Review of the last lesson
1 Concept of mineral processing
It is a process of physically separating the grains of valuable minerals from the gangue minerals.
2 Function of mineral processing
In the majority of cases the energy consumed in direct smelting or leaching of low grade ores would be so enormous as to make the cost prohibitive。
Mineral processing reduces the bulk and weight of material which must be transported to the smelter，the lack of undesirable waste materials increases the smelter recovery. 3 Main operations
There are two fundamental operations in mineral processing，namely the liberation of the valuable minerals from their waste gangue minerals, and separation of these values from the gangue. 4 Mineral processing methods
1. Separation dependent on optical and radioactive properties 2. Separation dependent on specific gravity differences.
3. Separation utilizing the different surface properties of the minerals. 4. Separation dependent on magnetic properties
5. Separation dependent on electrical conductivity properties.
Lesson5
Locked Particles 连生颗粒/连生体
The particles containing mineral also contains a portion of gangue. 既含有有用矿物,又含有脉石矿物的颗粒,称为连生颗粒. Degree of liberation 解离度
The “degree of liberation “ refers to the percentage of the mineral occurring as free particles in the ore in relation to the total content.
解离度,是指矿石中以纯矿物颗粒形式存在的矿物含量占该矿物在矿石中总含量的百分比.
Optimum mesh of grind 最佳磨矿粒度
In practice, ores are ground to an optimum mesh of grind, determined by laboratory and pilot scale testwork, to produce an economic degree of liberation.
实践中,通过实验室实验和半工业实验,确定一个最佳磨矿粒度,使矿石达到一个经济的解离度.
Two stage separation两段分选/阶段分选
This method discards most of the coarse gangue early in the process, thus considerably reducing grinding costs, as needless comminution of liberated gangue is avoided.
采用阶段分选,可以在及早地丢弃粗颗粒脉石,这样就避免了已解离脉石的不必要粉碎,能够大大降低磨矿成本.
Review of the last lesson
Locked Particles
The particles containing mineral also contains a portion of gangue. Degree of liberation
The “degree of liberation “ refers to the percentage of the mineral occurring as free particles in the ore in relation to the total content. Optimum mesh of grind
In practice, ores are ground to an optimum mesh of grind, determined by laboratory and pilot scale testwork, to produce an economic degree of liberation. Two stage separation
This method discards most of the coarse gangue early in the process, thus considerably reducing grinding costs, as needless comminution of liberated gangue is avoided.
Lesson6
1 The object of mineral processing 矿物加工的目的
The object of mineral processing, regardless of the method used, is always the