新标准大学英语综合教程3课文与翻译
Unit
Catching crabs
atmosphere of the preceding summer semester, the impromptu ball games, the boating on the Charles River, the late-night parties had disappeared, and we all started to get our heads down, studying late, and attendance at classes rose steeply again. We all sensed we were coming to the end of our stay here, that we would never get a chance like this again, and we became determined not to waste it. Most important of course were the final exams in April and May in the following year. No one wanted the humiliation of finishing last in class, so the peer group pressure to work hard was strong. Libraries which were once empty after five o'clock in the afternoon were standing room only until the early hours of the morning, and guys wore the bags under their eyes and their pale, sleepy faces with pride, like medals proving their diligence.
1-1 抓螃蟹
大学最后一年的秋天，我们的心情变了。 刚刚过去的夏季学期的轻松氛围、即兴球赛、查尔斯河上的泛舟以及深夜晚会都不见了踪影，我们开始埋头学习，苦读到深夜，课堂出勤率再次急剧上升。 我们都觉得在校时间不多了，以后再也不会有这样的学习机会了，所以都下定决心不再虚度光阴。 当然，下一年四五月份的期末考试最为重要。 我们谁都不想考全班倒数第一，那也太丢人了，因此同学们之间的竞争压力特别大。 以前每天下午五点以后，图书馆就空无一人了，现在却要等到天快亮时才会有空座，小伙子们熬夜熬出了眼袋，他们脸色苍白，睡眼惺忪，却很自豪，好像这些都是表彰他们勤奋好学的奖章。
还有别的事情让大家心情焦虑。 每个人都在心里盘算着过几个月毕业离校之后该找份什么样的工作。 并不总是那些心怀抱负、成绩拔尖的高材生才清楚自己将来要做什么，常常是那些平日里默默无闻的同学早早为自己下几个阶段的人生做好了规划。 有位同学在位于麦迪逊大道他哥哥的广告公司得到了一份工作，另一位同学写的电影脚本已经与好莱坞草签了合约。 我们当中野心最大的一位同学准备到地方上当一个政党活动家，我们都预料他最终会当上参议员或国会议员。 但大多数同学不是准备继续深造，就是想在银行、地方政府或其他单位当个白领，希望在20出头的时候能挣到足够多的薪水，过上舒适的生活，然后就娶妻生子，贷款买房，期望升职，过安稳日子。
感恩节的时候我回了一趟家，兄弟姐妹们免不了不停地问我毕业后有什么打算，我不知道该说什么。 实际上，我知道该说什么，但我怕他们批评我，所以只对他们说了别人都准备干什么。
父亲看着我，什么也没说。 夜深时，他叫我去他的书房。 我们坐了下来，他给我们俩各
1 In the fall of our final year, our mood changed. The relaxed 1.
2 But there was something else. At the back of everyone's 2. mind was what we would do next, when we left university in a few months' time. It wasn't always the high flyers with the top grades who knew what they were going to do. Quite often it was the quieter, less impressive students who had the next stages of their life mapped out. One had landed a job in his brother's advertising firm in Madison Avenue, another had got a script under provisional acceptance in Hollywood. The most ambitious student among us was going to work as a party activist at a local level. We all saw him ending up in the Senate or in Congress one day. But most people were either looking to continue their studies, or to make a living with a white-collar job in a bank, local government, or anything which would pay them enough to have a comfortable time in their early twenties, and then settle down with a family, a mortgage and some hope of promotion.
3 I went home at Thanksgiving, and inevitably, my brothers 3. and sisters kept asking me what I was planning to do. I didn't know what to say. Actually, I did know what to say, but I thought they'd probably criticize me, so I told them what everyone else was thinking of doing.
4 My father was watching me but saying nothing. Late in the 4. evening, he invited me to his study. We sat down and he poured
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新标准大学英语综合教程3课文与翻译
us a drink. 5 \ 6 \
7 \
5. 6. 7.
倒了杯饮料。 ―怎么样？‖他问。 ―啊，什么怎么样？‖
―你毕业后到底想做什么？‖他问道。 父亲是一名律师，我一直都认为他想让我去法学院深造，追随他的人生足迹，所以我有点儿犹豫。
过了会儿我回答说：―我想旅行，我想当个作家。‖
8 My father was a lawyer, and I had always assumed he 8. wanted me to go to law school, and follow his path through life. So I hesitated.
9 Then I replied, \ 9. 10 This was not the answer I thought he would expect.
Travel? Where? A writer? About what? I braced myself for 10. 我想这不是他所期待的答案。 旅行？去哪儿some resistance to the idea. 11 There was a long silence.
11. 接着是一段长长的沉默。
12 \
12. ―这想法有点意思，‖他最后说。
13 There was another long silence.
13. 接着又是一段长长的沉默。
14 \
14. ―我真有点希望自己在你这个年纪时能做这
15 I waited.
些事儿。‖
旅行？当作家？写什么呀？我做好了遭到他反对的心理准备。
16 \have plenty of time. You don't need to go into a 15. 我在等他把话说完。 career which pays well just at the moment. You need to find out
what you really enjoy now, because if you don't, you won't be 16. ―你还有很多时间，不必急于进入一个暂时报successful later.\
17 \
17. ―那我该怎么办？‖
18 He thought for a moment. Then he said, \it's late.
Let's take the boat out tomorrow morning, just you and me. 18. 他想了一会儿。 然后他说道：―瞧，现在太Maybe we can catch some crabs for dinner, and we can talk more.\
19 It was a small motor boat, moored ten minutes away, and
my father had owned it for years. Early next morning we set off 19. 那是一艘小小的机动船，停泊在离我们家约along the estuary. We didn't talk much, but enjoyed the sound of the seagulls and the sight of the estuary coastline and the sea beyond.
20 There was no surf on the coastal waters at that time of day,
so it was a smooth half-hour ride until my father switched off 20. 在这个时候沿海水域没什么风浪，船平稳地the motor. \rusty,
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酬高的行业。 你现在要搞清楚自己真正喜欢什么，如果你弄不清楚，以后就不可能成功。‖ 晚了。 我们明天早晨乘船出海去，就我们两个。 也许我们能抓点螃蟹当晚餐，我们还可以再谈谈。‖
十分钟路程的地方，是好些年前父亲买的。 次日清晨，我们沿着港湾出发，一路上没说多少话，只是默默地欣赏着海鸥的叫声，还有港湾沿岸和远处大海的景色。
航行了半个小时之后父亲把船停了下来。 他
新标准大学英语综合教程3课文与翻译
mesh basket with a rope attached and threw it into the sea. 21 We waited a while, then my father stood up and said,
说：―咱们在这儿试试运气吧，‖然后抓起一个系上绳子的生了锈的网状篓子抛到海里。
\me a hand with this,\and we hauled up the crab cage 21. 我们等了一会儿，父亲站起来对我说，―来帮onto the deck.
22 Crabs fascinated me. They were so easy to catch. It wasn't
just that they crawled into such an obvious trap, through a small 22. 螃蟹让我着迷，它们太容易抓了。 不仅仅是hole in the lid of the basket, but it seemed as if they couldn't be bothered to crawl out again even when you took the lid off. They just sat there, waving their claws at you.
23 The cage was brimming with dozens of soft shell crabs,
piled high on top of each other. \23. 篓子里挤满了几十只软壳螃蟹，一只压着一I wondered aloud to my father.
24 \watch them for a moment. Look at that one, there!
He's trying to climb out, but every time the other crabs pull him 24. ―你先观察一下，看那只螃蟹，那儿！它想爬back in,\
出去，但每次都被同伴拽了回去，‖父亲说。 只，堆得老高。 ―它们为什么不逃走啊？‖我满腹狐疑地问父亲。
因为它们顺着篓盖上的小孔爬进一个再明显不过的陷阱，更因为即便盖子打开了，它们似乎也懒得从里面爬出来，只会趴在那儿冲你挥动着蟹钳。
我一把。‖ 于是我们一起将蟹篓子拽上了甲板。
25 And we watched. The crab climbed up the mesh towards 25. 我们接着观察。 那只螃蟹顺着网眼向顶盖攀the lid, and sure enough, just as it reached the top, one of its fellow crabs reached out, clamped its claw onto any available leg, and pulled it back. Several times the crab tried to defy his fellow captives, without luck.
援，每当它爬到顶盖时，果然就会有另一只螃蟹举起蟹钳夹住它的腿把它拽下来。 这只螃蟹尝试了好几次想挣脱它的狱中同伴，但都没能成功。
26 \\26. ―快看！‖父亲说。 ―它开始对这种游戏感到with this game.\
不耐烦了。‖
27 Not only did the crab give up its lengthy struggle to escape, 27. 那只螃蟹不仅放弃了漫长的逃亡之战，而且but it actually began to help stop other crabs trying to escape. He'd finally chosen an easy way of life.
还帮着把其他想逃跑的螃蟹拽下来。 它最终选择了一种轻松的活法。
28 Suddenly I understood why my father had suggested 28. 我忽然明白了父亲为什么提议早上来抓螃catching crabs that morning. He looked at me. \back by the others,\you are and what you want in life. Look back at the classes you're taking, and think about which ones were most productive for you personally. Then think about what's really important to you, what really interests you, what skills you have. Try to figure out where you want to live, where you want to go, what you want to earn, how you want to work. And if you can't answer these questions now, then take some time to find out. Because if you don't, you'll never be happy.\ 29 He paused.
蟹。 他看着我说：―你可别被别人拽下来哦。 花点时间想想你是哪一类人，你这一生希望得到什么，回顾一下你在大学修的课程，想想有哪些课对你个人来说最有益。 然后再想想什么对你最重要，什么最使你感兴趣，你有什么技能。 琢磨一下你想在哪里生活，你想去哪里，想挣多少钱，想做什么样的工作。 如果你现在不能回答这些问题，你就得花点时间去找出答案。 你不这样做的话，永远都不会幸福的。‖ 29. 他停顿了一下。
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新标准大学英语综合教程3课文与翻译
30 \ 31 \ 32 \ 33 \ 30. ―你想去旅行？‖他接着问我。 31. ―对，‖我回答说。 32. ―那就去申请护照吧。你想当作家？‖ 33. ―对。‖ 34 \choice. We've never had a writer in the 34. ―有趣的选择，我们家还没出过作家呢，‖他family,\ 35 My father started the motor and we set off back home. 说。 35. 我父亲发动了马达，我们返航回家。
Unit 1-2 We are all dying 我们都在走向死亡 1 I have some good news and some bad news for you (as the 1. 我给你带来一条好消息，还有一条坏消息。 坏消息是：我们都在走joke goes). The bad news—and I'm very sorry to be the （正如笑话所说的）bearer—is that we are all dying. It's true. I've checked it out. In 向死亡——很抱歉是我带来了这条坏消息。 这可是真的，我已经核实过了，事实上我已经三fact, I've double- and triple-checked it. I've had it substantiated 番五次地核实过了。 我也找到了证据，可是要and, well, there's no easy way to say it, we are dying. It's 说出这个事实实在是不容易，不过我们的确都something that I always kind of knew, but never really chose to 在走向死亡。 这件事我过去多少知道一点，但think about too much. But the fact is, within the next 70 or 80 不愿过多地去想它。 但事实是，再过70年或years—depending on how old you are and how long you 80年——这要取决于你现在年龄有多大，寿命last—we are all going to be either coffin dwellers or trampled ash 有多长——我们都会躺到棺材里，或者变成某in the rose garden of some local cemetery. We may not even last 个地方公墓玫瑰园里的灰尘，被人践踏。 我们that long. After all, we never quite know when the hooded, 甚至活不到这么老。 毕竟，我们从来就不清楚scythe-carrying, bringer-of-the-last-breath might come-a-calling. 那位戴着头巾、手持长柄镰刀、命人吐出最后It could be sooner than we'd like. I have watched death from the 一口气的死神什么时候会来召唤我们，有可能会比我们希望的要早。 其实我最近就曾经从局sidelines, quite recently in fact, and nothing underlines the 外人的角度观察过死亡，没有什么比朋友的早uncertainty and absolute frailty of humanity like the untimely exit 逝更能表明人生的无常和生命的脆弱了。 of a friend. 2 Scary. 3 Now that I have depressed you, here's the good news. Knowing that we are all budding crypt-kickers takes away all the uncertainty of life. We already know how the story ends. The prologue and epilogue are already typed in. All that's left is the middle bit and that's down to us. We get to choose the meat of the story. 4 So, all those plans that you have on the back burner, you 4 / 64
2. 真可怕。 3. 我已经让你够沮丧的了，现在告诉你那条好消息吧：知道了我们都在走向坟墓，我们就不再有人生无常的感觉了。 我们已经知道故事的结局，开场白和尾声也都确定了，剩下的就是介于两者之间的那些事儿了，这些事是我们作得了主的。 我们必须挑选故事情节。 4. 所以，那些被你搁置在一边的计划，即那些―当时机成熟时‖你会用生命来完成的伟大事业 新标准大学英语综合教程3课文与翻译
know, the great things you're going to do with your life \怎么办呢？可我发现时机永远不会有成熟的时time is right\候。 时间必须提前，必须马上行动，就在这一to be brought forward and done now, this minute, pronto, in a 刻，不能拖延，必须赶紧，而且越快越好。 不
管是你想写的小说，还是你一直在筹划的去大
hurry, as quick as your little legs will carry you. The novel that
峡谷的旅行，你心仪的工作，你想导演的伦敦
you want to write, the trip to the Grand Canyon you've always
西区话剧，你都必须现在就去做。 知道吗？我
planned to take, your mind's-eye dream-job, the West End play
们都在走向死亡。 这是已经定了的。
you want to direct—you have to do them now. We're dying, see. It's official.
5 So putting your dreams on the back burner until the circumstances are right means that they'll probably never be realized. Our only regrets in life are the things we don't do. We owe it to ourselves to go out and do them now before it's too late. Tomorrow? It's all a lie; there isn't a tomorrow. There's only a promissory note that we are often not in a position to cash. It doesn't even exist. When you wake up in the morning it'll be today again and all the same rules will apply. Tomorrow is just another version of now, an empty field that will remain so unless we start planting some seeds. Your time, which is ticking away as we speak (at about 60 seconds a minute chronologically; a bit faster if you don't invest your time wisely), will be gone and you'll have nothing to show for it but regret and a rear-view mirror full of \
6 Have you ever noticed when you go to a buffet restaurant how they give you a bowl the size of a saucer and then say, \as much salad as you like but you can only go up once\like that small salad bowl. Like the hungry people waiting for their main course, we can cram as much into that tiny bowl as we can carry. I love watching people ingeniously stack the cucumber around the side of the bowl—like they're filling a skip—and then cramming it so high that they have to hire a forklift truck to get it back to the table. They're not greedy. They just know that they only have one shot at it.
5. 因此，把自己的梦想搁置起来，等到时机成熟之后才开始实现它，这就意味着梦想可能永远都不会实现。 人生的遗憾莫过于还有事情没有做，我们有必要现在就去做这些事，不然就晚了。 明天行吗？明天只是个谎言；根本就没有什么明天，只有一张我们常常无法兑现的期票。 明天甚至压根儿就不存在。 你早上醒来时又是另一个今天了，同样的规则又可以全部套用。 明天只是现在的另一种说法，是一块空地，除非我们开始在那里播种，否则它永远都是空地。 你的时间会流逝（时间就在我们说话的当下嘀嗒嘀嗒地走着，每分钟顺时针走60秒，如果你不能很好地利用它，它会走得更快些），而你没有取得任何成就来证明它的存在，唯独留下遗憾，留下一面后视镜，上面写满了―本可以做‖、―本应该做‖、―本来会做‖的事情。 6. 你是否注意过，自助餐馆里服务员会给你一个茶杯碟大小的碗，并告诉你：―你想盛多少沙拉都可以，但只能盛一次‖？生活就像那只盛沙拉的碗，我们可以和那些饥肠辘辘等着主菜的人一样在那只小碗里装上尽可能多的沙拉。 我喜欢看人们巧妙地把黄瓜片插在沙拉碗的四周——就像往废料桶里堆东西那样——把沙拉堆得老高老高，最后不得不雇个叉车把沙拉拉回餐桌。 他们不是贪婪，而是明白自己只有一次机会。
7. 把你的碗盛满吧，我们在这个世上只走一遭，既然来了就好好利用这短暂的一生，就像
7 Fill your bowl. We come this way but once so let's make the 我们牢牢抓住一年一度去佛罗里达或西班牙度
假的机会那样。 在短暂的人生中填入尽可能多
best of the short stay. Like the once-a-year holiday to Florida or
的内容吧。 确保每天回家后你都会因为干了很
Spain. Fit as much into the short time there as you can. Make sure
多事而感到精疲力尽。
that you go back home knackered because you got so much done.
8. 如果你不想当邮递员就别当邮递员，放弃这
8 If you don't want to be a postman then don't be a postman. 份工作去当个画家、作家、滑雪运动员，干什Give it up and be a painter, a writer, a tobogganist, whatever. Just 么都行。 千万不要干自己明明就不喜欢的事don't be something that you patently do not want to be. 情。 9 And now is the time, not tomorrow. There is no time like the 9. 现在就开始行动吧，不要等到明天。 没有present. If you can't have what you want this very second the least 比现在更好的时间了。 如果在这一刻你不能得
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新标准大学英语综合教程3课文与翻译
you can do is start the journey now, this minute, while the 到你想得到的东西，你至少可以趁灵感还在的inspiration is high. We all have the same amount of minutes, we 时候马上开始你的旅程，即刻起程。 我们有同all get the same 24 hours as Branson and Gates. It's just what we 样多的时间，我们和布兰森以及盖茨一样，每天都有24个小时。 决定我们这一生成败的是do with our time, how we invest it, that determines where our 我们把时间花在什么事情上，是我们如何来分lives may lead. 配时间。 10 So what I'm thinking is (and this is not molecular science) if we are dying and our allotted time is finite, why the hell aren't we doing all the things we want to do NOW? What's all this back-burner stuff? And why are we all waiting for the right time when we already know that the right time isn't going to show? The right time is the cheque that's permanently in the post, it never arrives. It's the girl who keeps us standing at the corner of the Co-op looking like a spanner. No amount of clock watching will change the inevitable. She's stood us up. 11 We wait; the right time never arrives. 12 So I say stop waiting and meet providence halfway. Start 10. 因此，我正在琢磨的是（这可不是分子科学）：如果我们正在走向死亡，而且分配给我们的时间是有限的，那么我们到底有什么理由不现在就去做所有想做的事情呢？ 这些被暂时搁置的事情到底又是什么呢？ 为什么明明知道成熟的时机永远不会到来，而我们却都还在等待呢？ 成熟的时机是一张支票，它永远都在邮寄的路上，永远都不会到来。 它就是那位让我们在合作社旁边像桥墩那样站着傻等的女孩，我们再怎么看表也无济于事，她失约了。 11. 我们傻等着，而成熟的时机却永远不会到来。 filling your life with the riches on offer so that when the reaper 12. 所以我要说，别再等待了，走到路上去迎接arrives, you'll have achieved so much, crammed your time so full 天意。 开始给你的生活增添所有你能得到的财that he'll fall asleep waiting for your life to flash before your eyes. 富，这样当死神到来时，你已经完成了那么多事，你的一生是那么的充实。 当生命在你眼前13 Act now or your time will elapse and you'll end up as a 回放时，死神等着等着就睡着了。 sepia-coloured relative that no one can put a name to in a dusty 13. 现在就行动吧，不然你的时间会流逝的，而photo album. 你最终将成为尘封的相册里的一位谁都叫不上14 Better to leave a biography as thick as a whale omelette than 名字的灰头土脸的穷亲戚。 an epitaph. 15 \Joe Smith ... hmmm. He didn't do much, did he?\ 14. 还是给人间留下一本像大煎蛋饼那么厚的传记吧，那可比仅仅留下一块碑铭强。 15. ―乔 ? 史密斯…… 嘿嘿，他没干过什么，对吧？‖
Unit 1-3 Rites of passage 通过仪式 生活是否如同对生活持宿命论看法的美国1 Is life just \1. author Elbert Hubbard wrote a hundred years ago, taking a rather 作家阿尔伯特 ? 哈伯德在一百年前所描述的那fatalistic viewpoint? Or is it an obstacle race, in which the 样，是―该死的事情一桩接着一桩‖？抑或是一contestants—human beings everywhere—have to show their 场障碍赛跑，其间每个参赛者，即世界各地的人们，不得不在生命的各个重要阶段展现自己6 / 64
新标准大学英语综合教程3课文与翻译
worth at certain crucial stages of their lives? 的价值？
莎士比亚的戏剧《皆大欢喜》中那个悲伤
2 The sad clown Jacques in Shakespeare's play As You Like It 2.
suggests that there are \的小丑雅克认为，人的一生要经历―七个年龄phenomenon of rites of passage in almost every society confirms 段‖，几乎每个社会都有的通过仪式也证明，我that we prefer to think of life in terms of these stages, such as 们往往是把生命分为这几个阶段来看待的，比childhood, middle age and old age.
如童年、中年和老年。
通过仪式是社会对个人从一个阶段走向另
3 A rite of passage is a formal recognition of change, imposed 3.
by society, of a move from one stage to another, the most 一阶段的正式的认可，其中被广泛认同的是由universally recognized one being the transition between childhood 少年步入成年时举行的成年礼。 成年礼有多种and adulthood. This can take very different forms. For example, in 形式。 例如，在犹太传统中，人生最重要的时Jewish tradition one of the most important moments in a person's 刻之一就是―犹太男孩成人仪式‖，人们为年满life, marked by a religious ceremony and a family feast, is the Bar 13岁的孩子举办宗教仪式和家宴，这标志着从Mitzvah, when children become responsible for their actions—at 此以后这个孩子要对自己的行为负责了。 13the age of 13. This is roughly the same age that children can be 岁也恰恰是许多国家规定开始承担法律责任的held legally responsible in many countries.
年龄。
美国中学生活结束前的毕业舞会是另一种
4 A very different rite of passage is the tradition of the prom at 4.
the end of American high school. This is a dance with a difference. 截然不同的通过仪式。 这次舞会非同寻常，学Students have to wear formal clothes—many for the first time in 生们不仅穿着正式（许多学生平生第一次这么their lives—and it is usual to hire an expensive limousine to arrive 穿），他们通常还乘坐着一辆租来的豪华轿车at the prom. It is as if, for one night, they behave like adults twice 到达舞会现场。 就在那一天晚上，他们似乎要their age—or at least look older than they really are.
5 Perhaps one of the most interesting rites of passage is the walkabout of Australian aborigines, when adolescents would be 5.
世界上最有趣的通过仪式之一或许就是澳
required to spend about six months walking alone through the 洲原住民的―徒步旅行‖了，还处于青春期的少wilderness, following the paths of their ancestors along the age-old 年必须在野外独自行走六个月，沿着划定国土\which mapped out the country. In so doing they 疆域的―歌之版图‖追寻祖先的足迹。 通过这样penetrated the heart of aboriginal culture—the oldest continuous 的仪式，他们深入到土著文化这一世界上最古culture in the world—and, in the process, discovered themselves 老而持久的文化的精髓之中，并在这一过程中too.
发现自我。
表现得和年龄是他们两倍的成年人一样，至少是看上去要比自己的实际年龄老。
Unit 2-1 Superman 超 人 战争爆发的那一年，我在温斯罗普的安1 The year the war began I was in the fifth grade at the Annie 1. F. Warren Grammar School in Winthrop, and that was the 妮 ? F. 沃伦文法学校读五年级，那年冬天我获得winter I won the prize for drawing the best Civil Defense signs. 了民防图标设计赛的冠军。 也就是在那个冬天，That was also the winter of Paula Brown's new snowsuit, and 波拉 ? 布朗买了新的防雪服，即便是13年后的even now, 13 years later, I can recall the changing colors of 今天，我仍然能清晰地记起那些精彩纷呈的日7 / 64
新标准大学英语综合教程3课文与翻译
those days, clear and definite as a pattern seen through a 子，它们历历在目，犹如万花筒里看到的图案那kaleidoscope.
样色彩斑斓。
我的家位于城里靠海湾的一侧，在洛根机场
2 I lived on the bay side of town, on Johnson Avenue, 2.
opposite the Logan Airport, and before I went to bed each night, 对面的约翰逊大道上。 每天晚上睡觉前，我都I used to kneel by the west window of my room and look over 会跪在卧室朝西的窗户旁，眺望黑幽幽的海水那the lights of Boston that blazed and blinked far off across the 边波士顿城明亮闪烁的灯光。夕阳将粉色的余晖darkening water. The sunset flaunted its pink flag above the 洒在机场上空，浪涛的声音永远淹没在一架架飞airport, and the sound of waves was lost in the perpetual droning 机永无休止的嗡嗡声中。 我惊奇地望着跑道上of the planes. I marveled at the moving beacons on the runway 的移动信标，看着那些闪烁的红灯、绿灯像流星and watched, until it grew completely dark, the flashing red and 般升起、降落，直到机场变得一片漆黑为止。 机green lights that rose and set in the sky like shooting stars. The 场就是我的麦加，我的耶路撒冷。 我整夜都在airport was my Mecca, my Jerusalem. All night I dreamed of 做梦，梦见自己在空中飞行。 flying.
3.
那正是我梦想斑斓的岁月。 妈妈认为我需
3 Those were the days of my technicolor dreams. Mother 要大量的睡眠，所以我每天上床睡觉时一点儿都believed that I should have an enormous amount of sleep, and 不觉得累。 那是一天中最美好的时光，我可以so I was never really tired when I went to bed. This was the best 躺下，在昏暗的暮色中慢慢进入梦乡，脑子里制time of the day, when I could lie in the vague twilight, drifting 造出许多奇异的梦来。 我的飞行梦像达利的风off to sleep, making up dreams inside my head the way they 景画那么真实可信，以致于自己常常会在一阵惊should go. My flying dreams were believable as a landscape by 吓中醒来，好像伊卡罗斯那样从天空中摔下来，Dali, so real that I would awake with a sudden shock, a 虽然发现自己刚好掉到软软的床上，但也被吓得breathless sense of having tumbled like Icarus from the sky and 喘不过气来。 当超人开始侵入我的梦乡，并教caught myself on the soft bed just in time. These nightly 给我飞行的技巧之后，我每夜的太空冒险便开始adventures in space began when Superman started invading my 了。 超人身着耀眼的蓝色衣服，肩披随风飕飕dreams and teaching me how to fly. He used to come roaring by 作响的斗篷，经常从我身边呼啸而过。他长得太in his shining blue suit with his cape whistling in the wind, 像我的舅舅弗兰克了，舅舅那会儿正跟妈妈和我looking remarkably like my Uncle Frank who was living with 住在一起。 当超人的斗篷神奇地旋转时，我好mother and me. In the magic whirling of his cape I could hear 像能听见上百只海鸥的振翅声，上千架飞机的马the wings of a hundred seagulls, the motors of a thousand 达轰鸣声。 planes.
4.
我不是这个街区里唯一的超人崇拜者，在街
4 I was not the only worshipper of Superman in our block. 的另一头，那个脸色苍白、有点书呆子气的男孩David Stirling, a pale, bookish boy who lived down the street, 儿戴维 ? 斯特令和我一样，热爱飞行的纯粹的诗shared my love for the sheer poetry of flight. Before supper 意。 每天晚饭前，我们一起收听电台的超人故every night, we listened to Superman together on the radio, and 事，白天在上学的路上，我们自己设计出各种各during the day we made up our own adventures on the way to 样的冒险活动。 school.
5.
安妮 ? F. 沃伦文法学校是一座红砖楼，座
5 The Annie F. Warren Grammar School was a red-brick 落在远离主干道的一条黑色柏油街道上，学校四building, set back from the main highway on a black tar street, 周是光秃秃的铺着碎石的操场。 戴维和我发现surrounded by barren gravel playgrounds. Out by the parking lot 学校外面停车场附近有一个角落，那里是我们玩David and I found the perfect alcove for our Superman dramas. 超人游戏的绝佳场所。 那条长长的过道通向学The dingy back entrance to the school was deep-set in a long 校又黑又脏的后门，非常适合玩意外抓捕和快速passageway which was an excellent place for surprise captures 解救的游戏。
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新标准大学英语综合教程3课文与翻译
and sudden rescues. 6. 课间休息时，我和戴维可以大展身手了。 我
们对在碎石操场上打棒球的男孩儿们视而不见，
6 During recess, David and I came into our own. We ignored 也不搭理那些在小山谷里一边玩躲球游戏一边
the boys playing baseball on the gravel court and the girls 咯咯傻笑的女孩儿们。 超人游戏让我们变得像giggling at dodge-ball in the dell. Our Superman games made us 两个逃犯似的，但也给了我们一种虚幻的优越outlaws, yet gave us a sense of windy superiority. We even 感，我们甚至找谢尔登 ? 费恩来充当恶棍。他是found a stand-in for a villain in Sheldon Fein, the sallow 街区里一个脸色苍白、胆小怕事的孩子，没有男mamma's boy on our block who was left out of the boys' games 孩儿愿意和他玩，因为一有人追他他就哭，而且because he cried whenever anybody tagged him and always 老是自己摔倒在地，擦伤他那胖胖的膝盖。 managed to fall down and skin his fat knees.
7.
一开始我们还得教谢尔登怎么扮演他的角
7 At first, we had to prompt Sheldon in his part, but after a 色，可没过多久他就变成了一位发明虐刑的专while he became an expert on inventing tortures and even 家，甚至私下里悄悄实施他的刑罚。 他常常扯carried them out in private, beyond the game. He used to pull 下苍蝇的翅膀，揪掉蚱蜢的腿，并把这些残废了the wings from flies and the legs off grasshoppers, and keep the 的昆虫囚禁在瓶子里，藏到床底下，这样他就可broken insects captive in a jar hidden under his bed where he 以偷偷把它们拿出来，看着它们痛苦挣扎的样could take them out in secret and watch them struggling. David 子。 戴维和我只在课间休息的时候和谢尔登玩，and I never played with Sheldon except at recess. After school 放学后我们就让他回家跟他的妈妈、棒棒糖以及we left him to his mamma and his bonbons and his helpless 那些无助的昆虫为伴。 insects.
8.
那时候，弗兰克舅舅住在我们家，等着参军。
8 At the time my Uncle Frank was living with us while 我肯定他和隐姓埋名的超人长得特别像。 戴维
waiting to be drafted, and I was sure that he bore an 却看不出我舅舅和超人有多么相像，但他承认弗extraordinary resemblance to Superman incognito. David 兰克舅舅是他这辈子所见过的最强壮的人，而且couldn't see the likeness as clearly as I did, but he admitted that 他会变很多戏法，比如用餐巾一盖上糖果，糖就Uncle Frank was the strongest man he had ever known, and 没了，他还能倒立行走。 could do lots of tricks like making caramels disappear under napkins and walking on his hands.
Unit 2-2 Cultural Childhoods 不同文化的童年 1 When I look back on my own childhood in the 1970s and 1. 每当我回顾20世纪七八十年代我的童年1980s and compare it with children today, it reminds me of that 时光，并将它与现在孩子的童年相比较时，famous sentence \past is a foreign country: They do things 就会想起句名言：―往昔是异国他乡，那里有differently there\(from L. P. Hartley's novel The Go-Between). 着不同的习俗（‖可参见L.P.哈特利的小说《传Even in a relatively short period of time, I can see the enormous 信人》） 。甚至在相对短暂的一段时间内，transformations that have taken place in children's lives and in the 我也能够察觉到儿童的生活以及人们对待儿ways they are thought about and treated. 童的方式上所经历的巨大变化。 2 Looking further back I can see vast differences between 2. 回顾更久远的岁月，我可以看到现在和contemporary and historical childhoods. Today, children have few 古代童年生活的巨大差别。如今的儿童责任9 / 64
新标准大学英语综合教程3课文与翻译
responsibilities, their lives are characterized by play not work, school 很少，他们生活的主要内容是玩耍而非工作，not paid labour, family rather than public life and consumption 上学而非劳动，在家里呆着而不是和外界交instead of production. Yet this is all relatively recent. A hundred 往，消费而非生产。这种变化也是最近才显years ago, a 12 year old working in a factory would have been 现出来的。一百年前，12 岁的孩子在工厂打perfectly acceptable. Now, it would cause social services' 工是完全可以接受的事情，而现在，这会招intervention and the prosecution of both parents and factory owner. 3 The differences between the expectations placed on children
today and those placed on them in the past are neatly summed up by 3. 有两位美国作家，芭芭拉·埃伦里奇和迪two American writers, Barbara Ehrenreich and Deirdre English. 尔德丽·英格利希，她们简要地概括了过去和Comparing childhoods in America today with those of the American 现在人们对儿童的期待的差异。在比较美国colonial period (1600–1776), they have written: \现在的儿童和殖民地时期（1600–1776）的儿old who can tie his or her shoes is impressive. In colonial times, 童时，她们写道：―今天，如果一个四岁的孩four-year-old girls knitted stockings and mittens and could produce 子能自己系鞋带就很了不起了。而在殖民地intricate embroidery: At age six they spun wool. A good, industrious 时期，四岁的女孩会织长筒袜和连指手套，little girl was called 'Mrs instead of 'Miss' in appreciation of her 能做复杂的刺绣，六岁就能纺毛线了。一个contribution to the family economy: She was not, strictly speaking, a 善良勤快的女孩被称为?夫人‘而不是?小姐‘，child.\
4 These changing ideas about children have led many social
scientists to claim that childhood is a \4. 对儿童的看法不断变化着，这使得许多this term to mean that understandings of childhood are not the same 社会科学家宣称童年是一种―社会建构‖。他everywhere and that while all societies acknowledge that children 们用这个术语来说明不同的地区对童年的理are different from adults, how they are different and what 解是不一样的，虽然所有社会都承认儿童与expectations are placed on them, change according to the society in 成年人有区别，至于他们之间有何不同，人which they live.
5 Social anthropologists have shown this in their studies of
peoples with very different understandings of the world to Western 5. 社会人类学家在研究那些跟西方国家持ones. Jean Briggs has worked with the Inuit of the Canadian Arctic 有不同世界观的民族时也表明了这个观点。and has described how, within these commUnit ies, growing up is 琼·布里格斯研究过加拿大北极地区的伊努伊largely seen as a process of acquiring thought, reason and 特人，她描述了在这些社会群落中成长是怎understanding (known in Inuit as ihuma). Young children don't 样大体上被看成是一个获得思想、理性和理possess these qualities and are easily angered, cry frequently and are 解力（伊努伊特人称之为 ihuma）的过程。incapable of understanding the external difficulties facing the 小孩子不具备这些素质，所有才容易生气，commUnit y, such as shortages of food. Because they can't be 常常会哭，无法理解群落所面临的诸如食物reasoned with, and don't understand, parents treat them with a great 短缺之类的外在困难。由于无法跟他们讲理，deal of tolerance and leniency. It's only when they are older and 即便讲了他们也不明白，父母对他们很宽容、begin to acquire thought that parents attempt to teach them or 很温和。一直要等到他们年龄大一点，并开discipline them.
6 In contrast, children on the Pacific island of Tonga, studied by
Helen Morton, are regularly beaten by their parents and older 6. 相反，根据海伦·莫顿的研究，太平洋岛siblings. They are seen as being closer to mad people than adults 国汤加的儿童经常挨父母和哥哥姐姐的打。because they lack the highly prized quality of social competence (or 人们认为儿童和成年人相比更像疯子，因为poto as the Tongans call it). They are regularly told off for being 他们缺乏被大家看重的社会能力（汤加人称
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来社会服务机构的介入，其父母和工厂主会被起诉。
这是为了表彰她对家庭经济的贡献，严格说来她不是一个孩子了。
们对儿童又有何期待，不同的社会给出了不一样的答案。
始有自己的思想时，父母才会尝试着去管教他们，约束他们。