and spirit, will find their endeavors successful. (Para.5, L1) 只有那些―执着地追求成功‖的人，那些保持始终如一的精神意志的人，才会通过自身的努力，获得成功。
e. It’s not how many times you fall down that matters. It’s how many times you get back up that makes success! (Para.7, L5)
你摔倒了多少次并不要紧；你能多少次重新站起来对成功才至关重要！
f. With hard work, determination, dedication and preparation, you can transcend any handicap, accomplish any feat, and achieve success! (Para.8, L4)
只要刻苦努力，意志坚决，专心投入，准备充分，你就能跨越一切障碍，达成所有壮举，取得成功！
Critical thinking
Theme exploration
1 How do you understand the remark ―It’s not how many times you fall down that
matters. It’s how many times you get back up that makes success!‖?
You may have tried and failed many times before you finally get success. But it does not matter. What matters is whether you can summon up (鼓起) all your courage again and again to face the hardships standing in the way of success.
2 Do you agree that there are times when it’s simply better to give up?
When I have realized that I am pursuing something that is hard to achieve, I would try to stick to the goal. But I will begin to think of what I can do to improve the situation.
When it still doesn’t work, I would try to analyze what the problem is and then make some changes and probably reset my goal.
Yes, sometimes we are pursuing the wrong goal which can never be achieved, only to find ourselves in deep frustration and profound fatigue. In this situation, I may give up the wrong goal and set up another goal that is achievable.
3 How can we avoid wasting time and energy in achieving success? ? Following the guidance of senior people. ? Getting sound advice from our parents. ? Setting a correct goal.
? Achieving success step by step. ? Developing good interpersonal relationships.
Culture exploration
When talking about success, do you think there are any differences between the Chinese and the westerners?
Chinese believe that personal relationship is the most important factor to one’s success. Chinese tend to equate power, fame and money to success. ? Westerners believe that self-independence is a key to success.
? Westerners tend to regard success as the realization of one’s self-value.
Watch a video clip and discuss the question:
What do you think is the key to success?
I agree with what the speaker holds in the video clip, it is grit (坚韧不拔的意志). Grit is passion and perseverance for very long-term goals. It is a significant predictor of success. we need to possess a committed and focused will as well as grit to keep preparing and working towards the goal. With hard work, determination, dedication and preparation, we can transcend any handicap, accomplish any feat, and achieve success!
Writing devices
Essay writing
Develop an example essay
In an example essay, you support your point by illustrating it with examples. If, for instance, you make a statement and someone says to you, ―Prove it‖, what do you do? Most likely, you will provide an example or two to support your claim. Indeed, it is hard to write a good essay of any kind without using at least some examples. Good examples help to clarify your thought by making the general specific, and the abstract concrete. They also add interest and help to persuade or convince your readers.
Guidelines for a successful example essay
1. A wise selection of sufficient examples which are specific and typical, interesting and relevant.
The examples may consist of either personal experiences or second-hand information from reliable sources.
2. An expert arrangement of these examples. Similar or related examples should be grouped
together and arranged according to the order of time, space, or importance. 3. Read the sample essay and see how the examples are developed and organized. Topic:
Biological clocks Introduction:
Thesis statement: Even though it is not easy to explain why, scientists believe living things must have built-in biological clocks that can be reset. Body:
1 Topic sentence: To start with, various 24-hour rhythms observed in people’s biological clocks can be adjusted.
Example: A traveler flying from New York to London can adjust his normal rhythms to London time.
2 Topic sentence: The same kind of resetting also takes place in the biological clocks of animals and plants.
Example 1: The clock of an animal or plant can be set to the laboratory-produced hours of light and dark.
Example 2: Mussels can adjust to the tides of the new beach after being moved from the old one. Conclusion:
Biological clocks, in a way, serve as automatic internal ―watches‖ for all living things.
Revision
Useful expressions
1 偏离，背离??deviate from …
2 阻止某人做??preclude sb. from doing … 3 战胜??triumph over ... 4 追求??in the pursuit of …
5 通过奋斗逐步达到work one’s way to/through/into … 6 放弃??give up on … 7 专注于??focus on …
8 移开；从??开除remove … from … 9 认定??失败write … off 10 充当；起作用act as 11 不足；不够好fall down
12 为??而鞭笞??whip … for … 13 赞颂??为/是??commend … as … 14 付出努力去做??expend effort to do … 15 内心燃烧的欲望burning inward desire 16 执着于??keep one’s eyes on … 17 跨越一切障碍transcend any handicap 18 达成所有壮举accomplish any feat 19 因??而成名achieve fame for … 20 言简意赅的讲话short, clear-cut speech
Translate a paragraph based by using the expressions from the text. 很多人只是嘴上说他们想要什么东西，但并不真正地付出大量努力去实现。很多人因为害怕失败而不敢全心尝试。而成功的秘诀在于内心燃烧的欲望，从而激发行动的决心，即使疲惫，即使失败，也会继续准备，继续前进。
专注于汲取更多的知识，争取持之以恒地渐进，保持永不言退的坚强意志。只要刻苦努力，意志坚决，专心投入，准备充分，你就能跨越一切障碍，达成所有壮举，取得成功！
Many people simply say that they want something, but they do not expend the substantial effort required to achieve it. Many people let the threat of failure stop them from trying with all of their heart. The secret of success is based upon a burning inward desire that fuels the determination to act, to keep preparing, to keep going even when we are tired and fail. Focus on becoming more knowledgeable. Focus on gradual, consistent progress. Maintain the strong will to keep going. With hard work, determination, dedication and preparation, you can transcend any handicap, accomplish any feat, and achieve success!
Section B
Chance favors the prepared
Objectives
To master the reading skill To understand the text
To practice the phrases and patterns To learn about giving a report
Warming-up
1. According to the speaker, what are the significant factors leading to success? The key factors include: passion, work, focus, push, ideas, persist, and serve. 2. What is your understanding of the keys to success?
In my view, the key qualities that contribute to success are faith, experience, courage, intelligence and diligence, relationship and leadership.
Faith is a lump that brightens the mind; experience is a teacher that tells you to be or not be, to do or not to do; courage is a great power that pushes you forward while you are lost; intelligence and diligence are foundation on which you go up stably; relationship and leadership are stepping-stones on which you go upwards smoothly.
Reading skills
Denotation and Connotation
Denotation is the literal meaning of a word, the one we find in a dictionary. Connotation, on the other hand, is the implied meaning of a word, the one a word suggests to us, or what it makes us feel or think. Connotation contains the emotional implications and associations that a word may carry.
Example 1
Thankfully, he did finish at Harrow and his errors there did not preclude him from going on to the university. He eventually had a premier army career whereby he was later elected prime minister. (Text A, Para. 1)
Denotation: fortunately
Connotation: The word thankfully associates with a feeling of relief and pleasure, indicating the author’s positive attitude toward Churchill. Example 2
In the end, both Einstein and Edison overcame their childhood persecution and went on to achieve magnificent discoveries that benefit the entire world today. (Text A, Para. 3)
Denotation: extremely bad treatment of someone, especially because of their race, religion, or political beliefs
Connotation: The word persecution is too big a word for the trouble a child goes through, but it indicates the tremendous hardships Einstein and Edison suffered in their childhood. It makes the author’s point quite clear, that is, despite the great trouble, they finally succeeded because they never gave up. Practice
Read the following sentences from Text B and pay close attention to the underlined words. Write the denotation of each word and its connotation. Check the context for clues. The first one has been done for you.
1. A hairbrush served as his microphone as he energetically practiced speaking his masterpieces to his imaginary listeners. (Para. 3)
Denotation: a work of art that is excellent
Connotation: Les Brown regarded his own performance in his shabby room as a masterpiece. The word implies Les Brown’s confidence in realizing his dream as a DJ.
2. One day Les decided to take the initiative and begin with this enterprise. (Para. 5) 3. He stayed around the studio, soaking up whatever knowledge he could. (Para. 11)