3.9.9.2 many, much, few和little在句子中的作用 A. 作主语 ·Few (of us) have ever been here. (我们)很少人到过这里。 B. 作宾语 a. 作动词宾语 ·I have got a little. 我有一点。 b. 作介词宾语 C. 作定语 ·Many hands make light work. 人多好办事。 ·Little sparks kindle great fires. 小火星可燎起熊熊烈火。(或小灾可酿成大祸。) D. 作表语: ·How much is it? 多少钱? ·It’s too much for me. 对我来说太多了。 ·They are many, and we are few. 他们是多数, 我们是少数。 3.9.10 不定代词other和another 3.9.10.1 不定代词other的用法 不定代词other即可以表示单数概念也表示复数概念,在句子中能起到代词所能起到的作用。即可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语。 A. 意谓“另外那个”, 表示单数概念 ·One girl is tall, but the other is short. 一个姑娘高,而另一个矮。 ·He had his papers in one hand, and his hat in the other. 他一手拿着文件,另一手拿着帽子。(英汉大词典,陆谷孙) B. 意谓“其它的人”,“别的??”,表示复数概念 ·Which others do you want? 你还要哪些别的? ·Some agree with the idea; but others not. 一些人同意这个想法,另一些不是。 ·Don’t speak ill of others behind them. 不要在背后说别人的坏话。(英汉大词典,陆谷孙) C. 作定语, 表示 “另外那个”、“另外那些”或“其他的”: ·But he bravely hid his hurt feelings, and watched Boldwood and Bathsheba ride away, feeling as sure as the other workers that the couple would soon be married. (Far from the Madding Crowd, Thomas Hardy) 盖伯瑞尔坚强地藏起自己受伤的感情, 看着伯德伍德和芭丝谢丝一同骑马走了, 像其他雇工一样确信这一对很快就会结婚。
·Now he had to find work where he could, on other men’s farm. (Far from the Madding Crowd, Thomas Hardy) 现在他得到别人的农场去找工作。 ·When the dogs are dead, other dogs ate them. (The Coldest Place on Earth, Tim Vicary) 这些狗死后, 活着的狗吃它们的肉。 ·Other people’s defects are good teachers. 他人之误为良师。(前人踬,后人戒。) 3.9.10.2 不定代词another的用法 another表示“另一个”,“再一个”,或“类似的另一个”在句子中可以充当下列成分: A. 作主语 ·One is on the bed ; another is on the chair. 一个在床上;一个在椅子上。 B. 作宾语 ·I don’t like this hat; please show me another. 我不喜欢这顶帽子;请再给我拿一顶看看。 C. 作表语 ·Peace is one thing, but peace with dishonour is another. 和平是一回事,而屈辱的和平则是另一回事。(英汉大词典,陆谷孙) D. 作定语 a. another 直接修饰名词 ·Four men went with them, but Scott stayed at Cape Evans for another week. (The Coldest Place on Earth, Tim Vicary) 四人随雪橇同往, 但斯科特在开普埃文斯又逗留了一周。 ·The shop is closed today, so we’ll come another day. 商店今天关门,我们改天再来。 ·I won’t say another word about it. 我不愿再谈这件事。 ·Gabriel moved away in silence to another seat. 盖伯瑞尔默默地移到了另外一个座位上。(Far from the Madding Crowd, Thomas Hardy) b. another表示“再,又”的时候,可以用于下面的结构:
another + 基数词 (表示两个或两个以上的基数词) + 可数名词 (复数形式) 试比较: ·Another three enemies came. 又来了三个敌人。 ·Other three enemies came. 其他的三个敌人来了。 ·The other three enemies came. 最后剩下的三个敌人来了。(other前面用the表示穷尽了范围内所有的对象。) 3.9.11 相互代词 other 和another都可以用于构成相互代词,即:each other和one another。each other 是表示两者之间的相互代词,one another 是表示三者或三者以上的相互代词。他们可以在句子中作主语、宾语、表语、定语。例如: ·The hate each other.