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n(H2O)?n(ÕáÌÇ)5.56mol?0.0292molp?p0x(H2O)?2.34kPa?0.995?2.33kPa

2. ¼×ÈÜÒºÓÉ1.68 gÕáÌÇ(Mr=342)ºÍ20.00 gË®×é³É£¬ÒÒÈÜÒºÓÉ2.45 g £¨Mr= 690£©µÄij·Çµç½âÖʺÍ20.00 gË®×é³É¡£

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6. ÊԱȽÏÏÂÁÐÈÜÒºµÄÄý¹ÌµãµÄ¸ßµÍ£º(±½µÄÄý¹ÌµãΪ5.5 ¡æ£¬Kf = 5.12 K¡¤kg¡¤mol-1£¬Ë®µÄKf = 1.86 K¡¤kg¡¤mol-1)

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7. ÊÔÅųöÔÚÏàͬζÈÏ£¬ÏÂÁÐÈÜÒºÉø͸ѹÓÉ´óµ½Ð¡µÄ˳Ðò£º ¢Å c(C6H12O6)= 0.2 mol¡¤L-1£» ¢Æ c(1Na2CO3)?0.2mol?L?1£»

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8. ½ñÓÐÒ»ÂÈ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº£¬²âµÃÄý¹ÌµãΪ -0.26 ¡æ£¬ÏÂÁÐ˵·¨ÄĸöÕýÈ·£¬ÎªÊ²Ã´£¿ ¢Å ´ËÈÜÒºµÄÉø͸Ũ¶ÈΪ140 mmol¡¤L-1£» ¢Æ ´ËÈÜÒºµÄÉø͸Ũ¶ÈΪ280 mmol¡¤L-1£» ¢Ç ´ËÈÜÒºµÄÉø͸Ũ¶ÈΪ70 mmol¡¤L-1£» ¢È ´ËÈÜÒºµÄÉø͸Ũ¶ÈΪ7 153 mmol¡¤L-1 ¡£ ½â ÓÉÓÚ NaCl ÔÚË®ÈÜÒºÖпÉÒÔµçÀë³ö2±¶ÖʵãÊýÄ¿£¬¸ÃÈÜÒºµÄÉø͸Ũ¶È¿ÉÈÏΪ

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9. 100 mLË®ÈÜÒºÖк¬ÓÐ2.00 g °×µ°°×£¬25 ¡æ ʱ´ËÈÜÒºµÄÉø͸ѹÁ¦Îª0.717 kPa Çó°×µ°°×µÄÏà¶Ô·Ö×ÓÖÊÁ¿¡£

½â c(°×µ°°×)?¦°0.717kPa??2.89?10?4mol?L?1 ?1-1RT8.314kPa?L?mol?K?(273?25)KM£¨°×µ°°×£©?2.00g?6.92?104g?mol?1 ?4-12.89?10mol?L?0.100L10. ²âµÃÀáË®µÄÄý¹ÌµãΪ -0.52 ¡æ£¬ÇóÀáË®µÄÉø͸Ũ¶È¼° 37 ¡æʱµÄÉø͸ѹÁ¦¡£ ½â bB?0.52K?0.280mol?kg?1 ?11.86K?kg?mol?1ÀáË®µÄÉø͸Ũ¶ÈΪ280mmol?L¡£

¦°?0.28mol?L?1?8.314kPa?L?mol?1?K-1?(273?37)K ?722kPa11.½ñÓÐÁ½ÖÖÈÜÒº£¬Ò»Îª1.50 g ÄòËØ(Mr = 60.05)ÈÜÓÚ200 g Ë®ÖУ¬ÁíһΪ42.8 g ij·Çµç½âÖÊÈÜÓÚ1000 g Ë®ÖУ¬ÕâÁ½ÖÖÈÜÒºÔÚͬһζÈϽá±ù£¬ÊÔÇó¸Ã·Çµç½âÖʵÄÏà¶Ô·Ö×ÓÖÊÁ¿¡£

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?Tf?KfbB?Kfm/Mr VÓÐ 1.50g/60.05g?mol?142.8g/Mr

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12. ÔÚ0.100kgµÄË®ÖÐÈÜÓÐ0.020 mol NaCl, 0.010 mol Na2SO4ºÍ0.040 mol MgCl2¡£¼ÙÈçËüÃÇÔÚÈÜÒºÖÐÍêÈ«µçÀ룬¼ÆËã¸ÃÈÜÒºµÄ·ÐµãÉý¸ßÖµ¡£

½â b(NaCl)?0.020mol?0.20mol?kg?1

0.100kg0.010molb(Na2SO4)??0.10mol?kg?1

0.100kg0.040molb(MgCl2)??0.40mol?kg?1

0.100kgËûÃÇÔÚÈÜÒºÖÐÍêÈ«µçÀ룬ÈÜÒºÖÐ×ÜÖʵãÊýĿΪ£º

b(×Ü)?2?b(NaCl)?3?b(Na2SO4)?3?b(MgCl2) ?2?0.20mol?kg?1?3?0.10mol?kg?1?3?0.40mol?kg?1 ?1.9mol?kg?1?Tb?0.512K?kg?mol?1?1.9mol?kg?1?0.97K

Exercises

1. What are the normal freezing points and boiling points of the following solution?(a)21.0g NaCl in 135mLof water.(b) 15.4g of urea in 66.7 mL of water.

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