given in a word bank before the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
文章大意：
在电子邮件日益流行的今天，许多公司还很重视传统信件的重要性。本文就如何书写好信封上的信息，提供了几点建议：如：在信封的左上角应该填写回信地址；往大公司写信时，要写清楚具体的收信人；在信封上不要使用缩略语等。作者认为正确规范地书写信封不但可以加快信件的投递速度，还可以给收信人留下良好的第一印象。
Although email communication has become part of most people's lives, letters are continually being sent and received, especially in the business sector. Many companies still see the importance of investing in direct mailings and envelope printing. Sending business mails is part of running a company. So it is only natural that aside from putting stock on envelope printing, you should also know how to address business envelopes. Addressing envelopes appropriately facilitates a letter's delivery to its right destination, and do so according to schedule.
In addressing the envelope, do not forget to indicate the return address, which should be at the upper left-side corner. Ensure that the address is accurate and complete. It should include all important details such as your name, company name or department, mailing address, the city, state, as well as the postal code.
Write the recipient's address at the center of the envelope. To ensure that you wouldn’t run out of space, start writing the address in the center of the envelope’s top half. Leave space in the top right corner just enough for the postage. If you are sending your mail to a big corporation, make sure to address your correspondence to a particular individual. Large companies receive lots of mails in a day, so addressing the envelope to a particular individual can speed up your mail’s delivery. Also, indicate the particular business section or division of the company below the individual's name. Companies naturally have different departments so business communications must be addressed as accurately as possible.
Before the street address, remember to write the suite number or any similar information. Unless you are running out of space, try not to abbreviate (缩写)
some portions of the address as they could be misread. When it comes to formal writings, it is wise not to use short forms in any way. Do not assume that the abbreviations you use can be easily understood by anyone who will read the address.
Then, before the state's name, don't forget to write the city's name and use a comma to separate the two. Remember to indicate the postal code. If the correspondence would be sent through international mail, you need to write the country’s name on a separate line next to the business address.
Business communication etiquette requires you to do address your official correspondences appropriately. So understand the importance of addressing a business envelope, which is just a matter of putting certain details in the right places. Be extra careful in addressing your envelopes. Remember, the way you present your letters affects the recipient’s first impression of you.
A) postage B) communication C) assume D) investing E) naturally F) addresses G) appropriately H) affects I) extra J) including K) misread L) delivery M) return N) informal O) particular
Section B
Directions： In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the
information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter.
The Green Apple: How Can Cities Adapt to
Climate Change
A) On the morning of August 8, 2007, a thunderstorm paralyzed the largest rail transit system in the US—New York City's subway—during morning rush hour. Flash floods deposited more than 7,000 kilograms of dirt and debris on tracks that stretch more than 1,350 kilometers and carry 1.5 billion passengers annually. A December 1992 storm had a similar impact, including flooding portions of Lower Manhattan and the East River Drive.
B) Such powerful storms are exactly what scientists predict to become more frequent as the climate changes. Issues like that make adapting to climate
change a tricky balancing act for this city government and others, and shoring up infrastructure (公共基础设施) such as New York's subway lines will be the work of decades. In the meantime, the city has already planted more than 322,000 trees as part of its MillionTreesNYC initiative as well as converted 25% of the city's taxi fleet to more fuel-efficient vehicles.
C) New York City is not alone in attempting to address climate change, of course. Chicago has attempted to reduce energy use in buildings by encouraging green roofs—planted gardens on rooftops. Green roofs, which diminish the heat island effect, could also help prevent an expected increase in deadly heat waves such as the one that killed 700 people there in 1995. King County, which comprises the Seattle metro area, in Washington State aims to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions by 80% from 2007 levels by 2050. Abroad, efforts range from London's attempts to stem the rising tide of the Thames River with flood barriers to an effort by the small city of Rizhao, China, to become carbon neutral.
D) Back in the city that never sleeps, the urban landscape offers roughly 150 million square meters of rooftop. Much of that roofing is black tar (沥青), baking under the summer sun, cracking in winter, and generally contributing to the so-called urban heat island effect that compounds the warming impact of climate change. To seed an alternative future, Mayor Michael Bloomberg's office announced the creation of three \The three zones—Brooklyn's downtown and Greenpoint neighborhoods as well as Staten Island's eastern shore—were chosen both for their expansive rooftop acreage and for an electricity use profile that peaks during the day, when the maximum amount of power can be produced from rooftop photovoltaic panels. The train yards in Coney Island, Brooklyn, already use the sun's heat to warm water used to wash subway cars.
E) The efforts to bring solar power to New York, along with the tree-planting, fuel-efficient taxis and watershed efforts, are all part of the so-called PlaNYC—an effort to adapt the city to the realities of global warming and other challenges by 2030. As part of that PlaNYC effort, kicked off April 22, 2007, the city convened a panel of experts to assess the risks posed by climate change. The number-one risk, according to a report issued this past December: infrastructure failures—from a shutdown of the power grid, as occurred in the 2003 blackout, to a degradation of the city's water quality.
F) Mitigating (减轻) New York City's contribution to the greenhouse gas emissions causing global climate change is another part of the PlaNYC strategy. But it is a tricky balance to strike. On the one hand, abundant natural gas has been discovered in the Marcellus Shale Formation beneath New York State, and burning it rather than coal to produce electricity results in 40% fewer
emissions of carbon dioxide—the primary greenhouse gas causing climate change. On the other hand, such drilling could foul the municipal water supply. The region's only large-scale, local low-emission source of electricity—the Indian Point nuclear power plant that provides the single largest portion of New York City's electricity—faces intense local opposition and may be shut down by New York State's efforts to control how it uses cooling water. With or without this power plant—and the local natural gas—the city hopes to reduce its emissions of CO2 by 30% below 2007 levels by 2030. The city government itself aims to reach that same target by 2017.
G) Moving to distributed generation, such as the rooftop solar power initiative, may help with that. But, more importantly, the city is attempting to reduce its overall electricity demand. \Manhattan, there is a 2,500-megawatt-per-square mile demand,\of Consolidated Edison, the city's power utility, explained at a smart grid event at New York University in February. The city hopes to reduce that through new energy efficiency standards. After all, 85% of the buildings that will be weathering a changed climate in 2030 already exist, according to Freed. And \Institute's Cohen: \positive sign...New York City is already the most energy-efficient place in America, and I think it can become even more energy efficient.\
H) Whereas other cities plan for climate change, New York may be alone in having at least some estimates for its local impacts, thanks to a relatively new and imprecise modeling effort. That effort is imprecise because the computer models for global climate change typically employ grid cells larger than the city itself. Nevertheless, in addition to the temperature changes, the NPCC predicts sea level rise of at least 30 centimeters (and as much as 140 centimeters) by 2100. \kilometers of coastline and an average height above sea level of roughly five meters. Much of New York's critical infrastructure—from power plants to marine transfer stations for garbage—lies on the waterline. \—and can—figure out ways to operate coastal infrastructure with an acceptable level of risk,\
I) A mayoral task force of 40 government agencies and other stakeholders is currently evaluating what the estimates for sea-level rise and other climate change risks will ultimately mean for New York City, particularly for critical infrastructure like the water supply, in order to prioritize upgrades. \to be constantly investing in infrastructure and thinking about vulnerabilities (弱点) as well as new technologies,\Cohen says. \change helps you do that.\