2018年人教版新目标七年级英语下册英语1-6单元知识点归纳

七年级下册英语1-6单元复习(人教版新目标英语)

Unit 1 Can you play the guitar ?

1、can+动词原形,它不随主语和数而变化。

(1)含有can的肯定句:主语+can+谓语动词的原形+其他。

(2)变一般疑问句时,把can提前:Can+主语+动词原形+其他? 肯定回答:Yes,主语+can。否定回答:No,主语+can't. (3)含有can的否定句:主语+can't+动词的原形+其他。

(4)含有can的特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+can+主语+动词原形+其他? 2、may+动词的原形。(may为情态动词)一般疑问句是把may提前, 肯定回答是:Yes,主语 +may。否定回答是:No,主语+mustn't。或please don't。

join+某个组织,俱乐部,party,参军,党派等 “加入”

Join sb. “参加到某人中” join in (doing)sth “加入做......,参加某个活动” Join in=take part in +活动,比赛

3、说某种语言:speak+语言 4、play+球、棋、牌;play+the+乐器。 5、擅长于(做)什么:be good at +名词/动ing

6、帮助某人做某事:help sb. (to ) do sth. help sb. with sth. 7、我能知道你名字吗?May I know your name?

8、想要做什么:want to do sth 例如:I want to learn about art. 9、What club do you want to join?

I want to join the chess club and the basketball club.

10、What club does Tom want to join? He wants to join the swimming club . 11、He can’t play the violin or the piano. Can you help kids with swimming? 12、Why do you want to join the English club? Because I want to learn English

well.

Unit 2 What time do you go to school ?

1、what time和when引导的特殊疑问句。

(1)对时间提问用what time,也可以用when。询问钟点时用what time,询问日期、月份、年份时用when。

(2)询问做某事的时间时,两者可以互换。 (3)其他询问时间的句子: What's the time? =What time is it?现在几点了? 时刻表达法:顺读法和逆读法。 (1)顺读法:“钟点+分钟”直接读数字。

(2)逆读法:借助介词past或to表示,要先说分再说钟点。 A.当分钟不超过30分钟时(包括30分钟),即<或=30,用past表示。其结构为:“分钟+past+整点” 意为“几点过几分”。 B.当超过30分钟时,即>30,用to表示。其结构为:“所差分钟(即60—所 过分钟数)+to+下一个整点”,to译成“差”,差几分钟到几点。 C.当分钟为30分钟用half表示,当分钟为15分钟用a quarter。 2、always 总是>usually 通常>often常常>sometime 有时 3、Watch+TV、球赛 “观看,观赏”,特指长时间注视。 See+电影、医生 “看见”,强调看的结果。 Look “看”,强调看的动作,look后接宾语时要用介词at。 Read+书刊、杂志 “阅读”

4、listen to +宾语 6、Take a shower “淋浴” 7、Eat breakfast 吃早餐 5、Go to +地点名词 如:go to school go+地点副词 如:go home

Unit 3 How do you get to school?

一、本单元知识点总结

1.get to school 到校 2.take the subway 乘地铁

3.take the train 坐火车 4.leave for 到??地方去,离开去某地

5.take?to?把??带到?? 6. most students 大多数学生 7. from?to?从??到?? 8.think of 想到,想起

9.ride bikes 骑自行车 10.in other parts of the world 在世界的其他地方

11. how far 多远 (路程、距离) 12.how long多长(时间)

13.take the train to school 乘火车去上学 14.in places 在一些地方 15.go to school by boat乘船去上学 16.on the school bus乘坐校车 17.be different from和??不同 18.one 11-year old boy 一个十一岁大的男孩

二、重点知识详解

1.take +a/an/the+表示交通工具的名词,乘??去某地,是动词短语,在句中作谓语。

He takes the train. take the subway乘地铁 take a walk散步 take a shower洗个澡

take a rest休息一会 take a seat 坐下 take some medicine 吃药

2.by+表示交通工具的单数名词或on/in+ a/an/the/one’s+表示交通工具的单数名词,是介词短语作方式状语。

I get to school by bike. = I get to school on my bike.

3.walk/ride/drive/fly+to+地点名词,步行/骑自行车/开车/坐飞机去某地 表示乘交通工具方式可以互换表达相同的意义:

Take the bus to school=go to school by bus=go to school on a bus Drive a car to work=go to work by car=go to work in a car Fly to shanghai=go to shanghai by plane/air=take the/a plane to shanghai=go to shanghai on a/an/the plane. 4.get表示“到达”,后接名词需加to,接地点副词不加to. reach 给示到达,是及物动词,其后直接接宾语。

arrive in+大地点 arrive at +小地点 后接副词不需介词。

5. It takes sb some money/time to do sth.花费某人多少时间/钱做某事 Sb pay some money for sth 某人为某物花费多少钱

Sb spend some time/money on sth 某人在做某事或某物上花费时间/钱Sb spend some time/ money (in)doing sth Sth cost sb some money 某物花费某人多少钱

6. How far is it from A to B?=How far is B from A? 答语有两种:

(1) It’s?meters/miles/kilometers(away)有??米/英里/千米(远) (2) It ‘s about ten minutes’ walk/ ride. 大约有十分钟步行/骑车的路程。

7have to 后加动词原形,侧重客观的需要,有“不得不,被迫”之意,有多种时态形式,否定式为don’t have to(needn’t)意为“不必”。

Must 侧重于说话者的主观看法,认为有必要或有义务做某事,只有现在时一种形式,否定式must’t意为“一定不要,不允许,禁止”反意词为“needn’t”。

8.感谢用语:Thank you very much , Thanks a lot , Many thanks.

回答感谢用语的句子:That’s ok /all right. 不用谢。You are welcome 不客气。 It is my pleasure./My pleasure./It is a pleasure.不客气、那是我的荣幸。/Don’t mention it。别在意。 It was nothing at all.那没什么。 三、语法归纳

(一)how 引导的特殊疑问句

1.how 引导的特殊疑问句提问交通方式,其答语分三种情况: a. take a/an/the+交通工具(单数) b. by+交通工具(单数) c. on/in+限定词+交通工具

2. how far 用来提问距离,多远,其答语分为两种: (1)用长度单位表示:It is five kilometers.

(2)用时间表示:It’s twenty minutes’ walk.

3.how long 用来提问时间,意为多久回答常用“for+段时”。 ----How long have you learnt English? ----For 3 years.

how soon 用来提问做完某事还需要多长时间, 常用于将来时态时, 常用“in+时间段”来回答。

――How soon will you arrive in Beijing? ----In 3 hours.

Unit 4 Don’t eat in class

肯定的祈使句:

(1) 实义动词原形+其他; (2) be动词原形+形容词+其他; (3) Let sb do sth.

否定的祈使句:

(1) Don’t+实义动词+原形; (2) Don’t be+形容词+其他; (3) Don’t let sb do sth (4) No+Ving.

练:(1) My mother said to me, “Tom, _______ in bed.”

A. not read B. doesn’t read C. don’t read D. didn’t read (2) Don’t __________ (fight). = No __________ (fight).

2. 不要迟到:Don’t arrive late. = Don’t be late. (arrive = be)

上课/上学不要迟到:Don’t arrive (be) late for class/school. 3. 主语省略(无主语):Don’t arrive late for class. 主语不省略(有主语):We can’t arrive ;ate for class.

4. 在学校我们必须穿校服:We have to wear uniforms at school. 句型:不得不/必须做某事:have to do sth 否定:不必做某事:don’t have to do sth

穿校服:单数:wear a uniform 复数:wear uniforms

练:(1) – I can’t stop smoking, doctor. – For your health, I’m afraid you ______.

A. can B. may C. must D. have to

5. 在我家里有太多的规矩:I have too many rules in my house. 词组:太多?:too many?

6. 我从来没有任何快乐:I never have any fun. (never译为“从来没有”,表示否定,否定句中表示“任何,一些”,用any) 7. 不要大声说话:Don’t talk loudly. 请大声说:Speak loudly, please.

8. 他擅长于唱歌:He is good at singing. 句型:擅长于做某事:be good at doing sth 9. 表示“地点”的词组:

(1) 在教室里:in the classroom 在课堂上:in class

(2) 在走廊上:in the hallways 在学校里:at school = in school 10. 表示“时间”的词组:

(1) 下课后:after class 放学后:after school

(2) 在上学的白天/晚上:on school days/nights 比较:at night (3) 到晚上10点钟之前:by 10 o’clock p.m.

11. (1) with 和; 如:He lives in Beijing with my parents. (不能用and)

(2) with 戴着; 如:Do you know the fat man with a hat? (不能用wears)

(3) with 有着; 如:It’s an old house with a beautiful garden. (不能用has)

Unit5 Why do you like pandas?

1. –让我们先去看考拉。-- Let’s see the koalas first. (first翻译为“首先”)

–你为什么最喜欢考拉?-- Why do you like koalas best? (best翻译为“最”)

--因为它们很可爱。-- Because they are very cute. 句型:让某人做某事:let sb do sth

2. –你为什么不喜欢老虎?-- Why don’t you like tigers? --因为它们有点吓人。-- Because they are kind of scary. ① 在此处,表示“不”,只要在do后加not即可。 ② 有点?:kind of+形容词 = a little+形容词

3. 你还喜欢别的什么动物? What other animals do you like? (后有animals, other不加s)

你喜欢和别的年轻人工作吗? Do you like to work with other young people?

This isn’t my sweater. It’s __________ (you). Are all these children __________ (you)?

4. 他是一个8岁的男孩:He is an 8-year-old boy. (后有名词boy, 用连字符,year用原形) 他8岁:He is 8 years old. (后无名词boy, 不用连字符,岁数大于1,year变复数)

5. 请保持安静:Please be quiet. = Please keep quiet. (keep译为“保持”,= be)

6. 他每天通常睡和放松20个小时:He usually sleeps and relaxes 20 hours every day.

每天:every day (要分开) 连在一起的everyday翻译为“日常的”,是个形容词。

7. 和某人玩:play with sb (倒翻)

8. 在白天:during the day = in the day 在此处,during = in

9. 在晚上:at night = in the evening 在上学的晚上/白天:on school nights/days 10. 吃草:eat grass 吃叶子:eat leaves (leaf的复数形式) 吃肉:eat meat 11. 相似单词比较:(1) 草:grass (不可数,无复数) (2) 玻璃:glass 复数:glasses 眼镜

12. 汉语:因为?,所以? 英语:because?, so? (不能同时出现在一个句子中)

汉语:虽然?,但是? 英语:though?, but? (只能使用其中一个) 如:_______ Tom is tired, _______ he wants to have a food rest. A. Because, so B. Though, but C. /, so D. /, but

13. (1) first num. 第一; 如:Sunday is the first day of a week. (2) first adv. 首先;首先:at first 如:Let’s see the koalas first. 14. (1) best adv. 最; 如:Why do you like koalas best?

(2) best adj. 最好的; 如:Who do you think is the best teacher in your class? X|k | B| 1 . c|O |m

15. (1) very adv. 非常(放在形容词前); 如:The koalas are very cute. (2) very much 非常(放在动词后); 如:Thank you very much. 16. (1) kind(s) of n. 种类; 如:There are many kinds of anmals in the zoo.

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