摘 要
本设计是通过对液压绞车工作原理、工作的环境和工作的特点进行分析，并结合实际，在进行细致观察后，对液压绞车的整体结构进行了设计，对组成的各元件进行了选型、计算和校核。本绞车由液压马达、平衡阀、制动器、卷筒、承轴和机架等部件组成，还可根据需要设计阀组直接集成于马达配油器上，如带平衡阀、高压梭阀、调速换向阀或其它性能的阀组。在结构上具有紧凑、体积小、重量轻、外型美观等特点，在性能上则具有安全性好、效率高、启动扭矩大、低速稳定性好、噪音低、操作可靠等特点，在提升和下放工作中运转相当平稳，带离合器的绞车可实现自由下放工况，广泛适用于铁道机车和汽车起重机、船舶、油田钻采、地质勘探、煤矿、港口等各种起重设备中。 关键词：液压绞车；计算；校核。
Abstract
This design is to analyze the working principle，the working environment and the working characteristic of the hydraulic winch，and union reality，after the careful observation，I design the overall construction，and choose，compute and examine the various parts of the hydraulic winch. The winch is made up of the import hydraulic motor，import balancing valve，the brake of many pieces，coupling，reel，supporting axle and rack . Also we may design the valve group for the distributor of the motor，like with balancing valve，high-pressured shuttle valve，velocity modulation cross valve or other performance valve groups. The characteristic of the construction is compact ，small，light，beautiful and so on，the characteristic of the performance is safe，the high efficiency，the big start torque，the best low-speed stability characteristic，the low noise，the reliable operation. The winch is quite steadily in the work of promotion and relaxation ，The winch with the coupling also may release the things free ，It is popular to the railroad locomotive ，the auto hoist，the ships， the oil field of drills picks，the geological prospecting，the coal mine，the harbor and the each kind of hoisting equipment.
Key words：Hydraulic winch；Computation；Examination.
目 录
第1章 绪论 ........................................................................................ 1
1.1液压传动系统概论 ........................................................................................................... 1
1.2绞车的简介及国内外液压绞车发展状况 ....................................................................... 3 1.3本课题研究的目的和意义 ............................................................................................... 7
第 2章 卷扬机构的方案设计 ............................................................. 8
2.1拟定绞车液压系统图 ....................................................................................................... 8
2.2液压绞车结构方案的确定 ............................................................................................... 9 2. 3卷扬机构工作过程分析 ................................................................................................ 10
第 3章 钢丝绳的选用和卷扬机卷筒的设计 .................................... 14
3.1钢丝绳设计计算 ............................................................................................................. 14 3.2卷扬机卷筒的设计 ......................................................................................................... 15 3.3容绳量的验算 ................................................................................................................. 20
第 4章 液压马达和减速器的选择 ................................................... 21
4.1液压马达的选用与验算 ................................................................................................. 21 4.2 减速器的选用 ................................................................................................................ 23
第 5章 制动器的设计与选用 ........................................................... 25
5.1制动器的作用、特点及动作方式 ................................................................................. 25 5.2制动器的设计计算 ......................................................................................................... 26
第 6章 轴的设计 .............................................................................. 33
6.1轴的材料 ......................................................................................................................... 33 6.2轴的工作能力的计算 ..................................................................................................... 33
第7章 键的选择及校核 ................................................................... 37
7.1联轴器与轴之间的键 ..................................................................................................... 37 7.2其他的键按相同方式进行校核及选用 ......................................................................... 37
第 8章 联轴器的选型 ...................................................................... 38
8.1卷筒轴与减速器之间的联轴器选型 ............................................................................. 38 8.2马达与减速器之间的联轴器选型 ................................................................................. 38
第 9章 液压泵站的设计 .................................................................. 39
9.1配流器的选择 ................................................................................................................. 39 9.2液压泵及其电机的选择 ................................................................................................. 40 9.3液压阀的选用 ................................................................................................................. 12 9.4辅助元件的选用与设计 ................................................................................................. 46
第 10章 液压绞车使用说明 ............................................................. 54
10.1绞车装配注意事项 ....................................................................................................... 54 10.2 绞车试运转 .................................................................................................................. 54
参考文献 ............................................................................................ 56 致谢.................................................................................................... 57