Pc1?Kd1Pe1?0.8?60kW?48kWQc1?Pc1tan?1?48?1.73kvar?83.04kvar
点焊机Kd2?0.35,cos?2?0.6,tan?2?1.33
Pe2??2PN2?0.65?10.5kW?8.47kWPc2?Kd2Pe2?0.35?8.47kW?2.96kWQc2?Pc2tan?2?2.96?1.33kvar?3.94kvar有连锁的连续运输机械Kd3?0.7,cos?3?0.75,tan?3?0.88
Pc3?Kd3Pe3?0.7?40kW?28kWQc3?Pc3tan?3?28?0.88kvar?24.64kvar行车Kd4?0.15,cos?4?0.5,tan?4?1.73
Pe4??4PN4?0.15?10.2kW?3.95kWPc4?Kd4Pe4?0.15?3.95kW?0.59kWQc4?Pc4tan?4?0.59?1.73kvar?1.03kvar同时系数取K?p,K?q?0.9 车间计算负荷为:
Pc?K?p?Pci?0.9?(48?2.96?28?0.59)kW?71.60kWQc?K?q?Pci?0.9?(83.04?3.94?24.64?1.03)kvar?101.39kvarSc?Pc2?Qc2?124.12kVAIc?Sc3UN?124.12A?179.16A30.4
2-21 某车间设有小批量生产冷加工机床电动机40台,总容量152kW,其中较大容量的电动机有10kW 1台、7kW 2台、4.5kW 5台、2.8kW 10台;卫生用通风机6台共6kW。试分别用需要系数法和二项式法求车间的计算负荷。 解:需要系数法:查表A-1可得:
冷加工机床: Kd1?0.2,cos?1?0.5,tan?1?1.73
Pc1?0.2?15k2W?Qc1?30.4?1.k7W3?30.kW45k2.W6
,cos?2?0.8,tan?2?0.75 通风机组:Kd2?0.8?
Pc2?0.8?6kW?4.8kWQc2?4.8?0.75kW?3.6kW
车间的计算负荷:
Pc?0.9??30.4?4.8?kW?31.68kWQc?0.9??52.6?4.8?kW?50.58kWSc?Pe? Qe?59.68kVAIce? Se3UN?59.68/(1.732?0.38)?90.7A二项式法: 查表A-1可得:
冷加工机床:b1?0.14,c1?0.4,x1?5,cos?1?0.5,tan?1?1.73
22
(bPe?)1?0.14?152kW?21.28kW?cPx?1?0.4??10?7?2?2?4.5?kW?13.2kW因为n=6<2x2 ,取x2=3.则
通风机组:b2?0.65,c2?0.25,x2?5,cos?2?0.8,tan?2?0.75
(bPe?)2?0.65?6kW?3.9kW?cPx?2?0.25?3kW?0.75kW
显然在二组设备中 第一组附加负荷(cPx)1最大 故总计算负荷为:
Pc?(21.28?3.9?13.2kW)?38.38kWQc?(21.28?1.73?3.9?0.75?13.2?1.73)kvar?62.56kvarSc?Pe2? Qe2?73.4kVAIc? Se/(3UN)?111.55A
2-22 某220/380V三相四线制线路上接有下列负荷:220V 3kW电热箱2台接于A相,6kW1台接于B相,4.5kW 1台接于C相;380V 20kW(?=65%)单头手动弧焊机1台接于AB相,6kW(?=10%)3台接于BC相,10.5kW(?=50%)2台接于CA相。试求该线路的计算负荷。 解:(1)电热箱的各相计算负荷 查表A-1得,Kd?0.7,cos??1,tan??0,因此各相的有功计算负荷为: A相 PcA1?KdPeA?0.7?3?2kW?4.2kW B相 PcB1?KdPeB?0.7?6?1kW?4.2kW C相 PcC1?KdPeC?0.7?4.5?1kW?3.15kW (2)单头手动弧焊机的各相计算负荷
查表A-1得,Kd?0.35,cos??0.35,tan??2.68;查表2-4得,cos??0.35时,则
pAB?A?pBC?B?pCA?C?1.27pAB?B?pBC?C?pCA?A??0.27qAB?A?qBC?B?qCA?C?1.05qAB?B?qBC?C?qCA?A?1.63将各相换算成??100%的设备容量,即:
PAB??N1PN1?0.65?20kW?16.12kWPBC??N2PN2?0.1?6?3kW?5.69kWPCA??N3PN3?0.5?10.5?2kW?14.85kW各相的设备容量为 A相
PeA?pAB?APAB?pCA?APCA?[1.27?16.12?(?0.27?14.85)]kW?16.46kWQeA?qAB?APAB?qCA?APCA?(1.05?16.12?1.63?14.85)kW?41.13kvarPeB?pBC?BPBC?pAB?BPAB?[1.05?5.69?(?0.27)?16.12]?1.62kWQeB?qBC?BPBC?qAB?BPAB?(1.27?5.69?1.63?16.12)kvar?33.50kvarPeC?pCA?CPCA?pBC?CPBC?[1.27?14.85?(?0.27)?5.69]kW?17.32kWQeC?qCA?CPCA?qBC?CPBC?(1.05?14.85?1.63?5.69)kvar?24.87kvarPcA2?KdPeA?0.7?16.46kW?11.52kWQcA2?KdQeA?0.7?41.13kvar?28.79kWPcB2?KdPeB?0.7?1.62kW?1.13kWQcB2?KdQeB?0.7?33.50kvar?23.45kWPcC2?KdPeC?0.7?17.32kW?12.12kWQcC2?KdQeC?0.7?24.87kvar?17.41kW
B相
C相
各相的计算负荷为 A相
B相
C相
(3)各相总的计算负荷为(设同时系数为0.95) A相
PcA?K?(PcA1?PcA2)?0.95?(4.2?11.52)kW?14.93kWQcA?K?(QcA1?QcA2)?0.95?(0?28.79)kW?27.35kWPcB?K?(PcB1?PcB2)?0.95?(4.2?1.62)kW?5.53kWQcB?K?(QcB1?QcB2)?0.95?(0?33.50)kW?31.83kW
B相
C相
PcC?K?(PcC1?PcC2)?0.95?(3.15?12.12)kW?14.51kWQcC?K?(QcC1?QcC2)?0.95?(0?17.41)kW?16.54kW
(4)总的等效三相计算负荷
因为A相的有功计算负最大,所以Pc?m?PcA?14.93kW,Qc?m?QcA?27.35kvar,则
Pc?3Pc?m?3?14.93kW?44.79kWQc?3Qc?m?3?27.35kvar?82.05kvarSc?44.792?82.052KVA?93.48KVA Ic?Sc3UN?93.48A?142.03A3?0.38
2-23 某厂机械工车间变电所供电电压10kV,低压侧负荷拥有金属切削机床容量共920kW,通风机容量共56kW,起重机容量共76kW(?=15%),照明负荷容量42kW(白炽灯),线路额定电压380V。试求:
(1)该车间变电所高压侧(10kV)的计算负荷Pc,Qc,Sc,Ic及cos?
(2)若车间变电所低压侧进行自动补偿,功率因数补偿到0.95,应装BW0.4-28-3型电容器多少台?
(3)补偿后车间高压侧的计算负荷Pc,Qc,Sc,Ic及cos?,计算视在功率减小多少? 解:(1)查表A-1
Kd1?0.2,cos?1?0.5,tan?1?1.73小批量金属切削机床:Pc1?Kd1Pe1?0.2?920kW?184kW
Qc1?Pc1tan?1?184?1.73kvar?318.32kvarKd2?0.8,cos?2?0.8,tan?2?0.75通风机: Pc2?Kd2Pe2?0.8?56kW?44.8kW
Qc2?Pc2tan?2?44.8?0.75kvar?33.6kvarKd3?0.2,cos?3?0.5,tan?3?1.73起重机: Pc3?2Kd3?3Pe3?0.4?0.15?76kW?11.78kW
Qc3?Pc3tan?3?11.78?1.73kvar?20.38kvar照明:
Pc4?42kWQc1?0kvar
总的计算负荷为(设同时系数为0.95)
Pc?K?(Pc1?Pc2?Pc3?Pc4)?0.95?(184?44.8?11.78?42)kW?268.45kWQc?K?(Qc1?Qc2?Qc3?Qc4)?0.95?(318.32?33.6?20.38?0)kvar?353.69kvarSc?Pc2?Qc2?444.03kVAcos?1?Pc?0.60Sc
变压器的功率损耗为
?PT?0.015Sc?0.015?444.03kW?6.66kW?QT?0.06Sc?0.06?444.03kvar?26.64kvar