(1)The lake ______________ pollution. 这湖没有污染。
(2)The secretary _________________ all blame for the errors.这些失误完全不能怪秘书。
(3)Try to __________________ all prejudices. 尽量消除一切偏见。
【答案】 (1)is free of(2)was free from(3)free yourself from
经典句型剖析
考点1 省略句
【教材原句】If_so，what did you do to grow them？如果是这样的话，你怎么来种植这些植物？
【句法分析】if so“如果这样的话”，是if引导的条件状语从句的省略形式，表示肯定意义；如果表示否定意义，则用if not。 【拓展归纳】
if ever如果有过/发生过的话 if any如果有的话 if possible如果有可能 if necessary如果有必要 【例句研读】
(1) If possible，try and go to bed and wake up at the same time every day.如果可能的话，尝试每天都在同一时间睡觉和起床。
(2) If not，in a few years' time the very things that attract tourists now may well have been destroyed.
如果不这样做的话，在几年之后，现在吸引游客的事物可能已经被破坏了。 【即时巩固】
____________________，I'll go there myself. 如果必要的话，我将亲自去那儿一趟。 【答案】If necessary
考点2 would rather 意为“宁愿，更愿意”
【教材原句】He would much rather keep time for his hobbies. 他宁愿把时间花在自己
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的爱好上。
【句法分析】(1)would rather 意为“宁愿，更愿意”，后接动词原形，否定式是在 would rather 后加 not/never。 ①—Shall we dine out? —I‘d rather stay at home. ——我们要不要出去吃饭？ ——我宁愿留在家里。
②I‘d rather not tell anybody about it. 我不愿把这事告诉任何人。
(2)would rather do sth. than do sth./would do sth. rather than do sth. 意为“宁愿做某事而不去做某事”。
①I would rather listen to others than talk myself. 我愿意听别人说，自己不愿意说。
②He would rather die than give in. 他宁死不屈。
(3)would rather have done sth. 意为“要是做过某事就好了；宁愿做过某事”，表示后悔或遗憾等语气。
I would rather have taken his advice yesterday. 我昨日要是听了他的建议就好了。
(4)would rather 后接 that从句时，从句中的谓语动词用过去时态虚拟语气。 ①I would rather (that) he didn‘t come. 我宁愿他没来。
②I’d rather you told me the truth. 我更愿意你给我讲实话。 【即时巩固】
(1)Would you mind my using your computer for a little while? —______.
A．No, please don't C．I'm afraid not 【答案】B
B．I'd rather you didn't D．Sure, it's my pleasure
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(2)I would rather ______ the football match last night with my friends; otherwise, I would have finished my paperwork by now. A．not have watched C．hadn't watched 【答案】A
【解析】考查 would rather (not)＋have done 意为“宁愿(未)做过某事”，表示后悔或遗憾。
考点3 What的用法
【教材原句】Dr Yuan Longping grows what_is_called_super_hybrid_rice. 袁隆平博士种植的是被称为“超级杂交水稻”的稻种。 【句法分析】
what is called super hybrid rice用做grows的宾语从句，为一名词性从句，也可称为whatclause；而且what在从句中可用做主语、宾语或者表语。此从句在结构上相当于“the＋名词＋定语从句”。 【例句研读】
(1) ①After a hard time they came to what is called America today.艰难的努力后他们来到了现在称作美洲的地方。
(2) We now live in what is called the Information Age. 我们现在生活在所谓的信息时代。
(3) He graduated from what was called a key high school. 他毕业于一所所谓的重点高中。 【即时巩固】
(1) Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from ______ their parents speak at home. A．what C．which 【答案】A
B．that
D．one
B．not watch D．haven't watched
(2)A modern city has been set up in ______ was a wasteland ten years ago.
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A．what C．that 【答案】A
B．which D．where
【解析】该句意为：一座现代化的城市在十年前是一片废墟的地方建立起来。
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