49
人吗？
2.修饰人或物只用that的情况： a. 先行词为指物的不定代词all ,
much , little, few , everything , something , that.
3)The book that is on the table is mine. = The book on the table is mine.
4) We have nothing that we should fear. anything , nothing
b.先行词前有最高级、序数词及last , only , very , all , no时
c. 先行词既有人，又有物时
d. 主句是who / which引导的特殊疑问句，而先行词又指人或物时。 eg.1)Is there anything that I can do for you? 有让我做的事吗？
2)He is the only one that can help us at the moment. 他是现在能帮助我们的唯一的人。
3)He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited. 他谈论着他拜访过的老师和参观过的学校。
4)Which is the machine that we used last Sunday? 我们上周星期天用过的机器是哪一台？
3.修饰物只用which的情况：
a. 先行词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时
b. 先行词为that时
eg.1)This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived . 这就是鲁迅以前住过的房子。
2)What’s that which you are holding in your arms? 你抱着的那个是什么？ *三、定语从句可简化为短语 1．定语从句为被动语态时可简化为过去分词短语；定语从句为现在进行时可简化为现在分词短语。
2．定语从句的谓语(be)后是介词短语，可简化为介词短语作定语。
3．定语从句的谓语动词含情态动词，可简化为不定式。
eg.1)I bought a book that was written by Lu Xun.
= I bought a book written by Lu Xun. 2)Tell the children who are playing there not to do that.
= Tell the children playing there not to do = We have nothing to fear. 练 习
一、用适当的关系代词填空
1.Is it the very house ________ you lived in ten years ago?
2.The woman _____ sits next to the door is my mother.
3.I’ll never forget the year _____ I joined the League.
4.It is the house _____ I was born. 5.The house ______ roof is broken has been repaired. 二、用短语来改写下面的定语从句部分。1.The man that is talking with Mary is my brother.
__________________________________ 2.This is a book which was written by a worker
__________________________________ 3.The student who is from Canada speaks French.
__________________________________ 4.She has a lot of work that she must do. __________________________________ 三、选择填空
( )1.The man ____ was a friend of mine. A. that you just talked to
B. whom you just talked to him C. who you just talked to him D. which you just talked to
( )2.This is the best film ____has been shown this year.
A. who B. that C. which D. when ( )3.Finally, the thief handed everything ____ he had stolen to the police. A. which B. what C. that D. in where ( )4.Mr. Li told us the stones and writers ____ interested him
A. what B. who C. that D. which ( )5.My father still remembers the day
50
___ he joined the army. she didn’t come to the meeting. A. when B. which A. that B. which C. why D. when C. to which D. from which ( )15.The moon is a world ___there is no ( )6.I’ll never forget the summer life. holidays ____ we spent together. A. that B. which C. where D. why A. when B. in which C. which D. how ( )16.He has forgotten the day ___ he ( )7—Does the teacher know everybody arrived. _______ planted the trees? A. when B. where C. that D. which —Yes, he does. ( )17.He still remembers the days A. which B. whose C. where D. who ______ he spent with your family. ( )8.The letter _______ I received from A. when B. where C. that D. on which him yesterday is very important. ( )18.Mr. White, ______ car had been A. who B. where C. what D. that stolen, came to the policeman. ( )9.I hate people _______ talk much but A. who B. that C. whose D. which do little. ( )19.He got to the village _______ his A. whose B. whom C. which D. who family once lived before liberation. ( )10.—Who is the man _______ was A. that B. which C. when D. where talking to our English teacher? ( )20.This is the house ______ I want to —Oh! It’s Mr Baker, our maths teacher. buy. A. he B. that C. whom D. which A. in which B. that C. whose D. ( )11.I hate the people ________ don’t where help others when they are in trouble. ( )21.He didn’t tell me the place A. who B. which C. they D. where _______ he was born. ( )12.George Mallory was an English A. that B. which C. when D. where school teacher _______ loved climbing. ( )22.He lived in a small village, ______ A. who B. whom C. he D. which was a long way from the railway station. ( )13.This is the place _____I have ever A. that B. which C. where D. when visited.
A. there B. when C. where D. which ( )14.Nobody knows the reason ______
16. 状语从句一：（时间，条件）
一、引导词的选择： 1.时间状语从句
1).由when 、 while、as（当……时候）引导的时间状语从句。 When jack got home, his mother was cooking .
2).由after/ before (在….之后/ 前)引导的时间状语从句。 The football match played after school was over .