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17. When a saturated paraffin such as polymethylene ¨C(CH2-)n- is chlorinated, chlorine replaces hydrogen at random. Invariably, small amounts of Cl (10~50wt%Cl) cause a lowering of softening point. Large amounts (ca.70%) raise the softening point. Rationalize on the basis of intermolecular forces.

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18. Polymers that are oriented on stretching may crystalline, since the molecules are then able to fit into a lattice more easily. How does this help explain why a rubber band heats upon stretching to near its breaking point? (Try this by holding a rubber band to your lips and suddenly stretching.)

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