½»Á÷½Ó´¥Æ÷Éè¼Æ±ÏÒµÉè¼ÆÍêÕûÐ޸İæ

ºþÄϹ¤³ÌѧԺӦÓü¼ÊõѧԺ

±ÏÒµÉè¼ÆÂÛÎÄ

Ìâ Ä¿£º ½»Á÷½Ó´¥Æ÷Éè¼Æ

רҵ°à¼¶£º µçÆø¹¤³Ì¼°Æä×Ô¶¯»¯×¨Òµ0782°à ѧÉúÐÕÃû£º ÖÜ ·« ѧ ºÅ£º 200713010222 Íê³ÉÈÕÆÚ£º 2011Äê06ÔÂ11ÈÕ

Ö¸µ¼½Ìʦ£º À ½ÌÊÚ

ÆÀÔĽÌʦ£º

2011 Äê 6ÔÂ

ºþÄϹ¤³ÌѧԺӦÓü¼ÊõѧԺ±ÏÒµÉè¼Æ(ÂÛÎÄ) ³Ï ÐÅ ³Ð ŵ Êé ±¾ÈËÉ÷ÖسÐŵºÍÉùÃ÷£ºËù׫дµÄ¡¶½»Á÷½Ó´¥Æ÷¡·ÊÇÔÚÖ¸µ¼ÀÏʦµÄÖ¸µ¼ÏÂ×ÔÖ÷Íê³É£¬ÎÄÖÐËùÓÐÒýÎÄ»òÒýÓÃÊý¾Ý¡¢Í¼±í¾ùÒÑ×¢½â˵Ã÷À´Ô´£¬±¾ÈËÔ¸ÒâΪÓÉ´ËÒýÆðµÄºó¹û³Ðµ£ÔðÈΡ£ Éè¼Æ(ÂÛÎÄ)µÄÑо¿³É¹û¹éÊôѧУËùÓС£ ѧÉú(Ç©Ãû) Äê Ô ÈÕ ºþÄϹ¤³ÌѧԺӦÓü¼ÊõѧԺ

±ÏÒµÉè¼Æ£¨ÂÛÎÄ£©ÈÎÎñÊé

Éè¼Æ£¨ÂÛÎÄ£©ÌâÄ¿£º ½»Á÷½Ó´¥Æ÷Éè¼Æ ÐÕÃû ÖÜ ·« רҵ µçÆø¹¤³Ì¼°Æä×Ô¶¯»¯ °à¼¶ 0782 ѧºÅ 200713010222 Ö¸µ¼ÀÏʦ Àî ¾¸ Ö°³Æ ½Ì ÊÚ ½ÌÑÐÊÒÖ÷ÈΠлÎÀ²Å Ò»¡¢»ù±¾ÈÎÎñ¼°ÒªÇó£º

±¾¿ÎÌâÒªÇóÉè¼ÆÊÊÓÃÓÚƵ·±Æ𶯡¢Í£Ö¹¶î¶¨µçѹÖÁ380V¡¢¶î¶¨µçÁ÷ÖÁ250AµÄ½»Á÷µç»ú ¸Ã½»Á÷½Ó´¥Æ÷²ÉÓÃÖ±¶¯Ê½µç´Åϵͳ¡¢Á¢Ìå²¼Öýṹ£»Ö÷´¥Í·ÎªÖ±¶¯Ê½¡¢Ë«¶Ïµã£¬Ãð»¡ÊÒ²ÉÈ¡ ɾƬÃ𻡠Ö÷ÒªÉè¼ÆÄÚÈÝ£º1¡¢´¥Í·ÏµÍ³Éè¼Æ£¬°üÀ¨´¥Í·½á¹¹Éè¼ÆºÍ´¥Í·²ÄÁÏÑ¡Ôñ¡¢´¥Í·³ß´çºÍ²ÎÊý¼ÆËã¡¢´¥Í·ÎÂÉýºÍ¶¯ÈÈÎȶ¨ÐÔÑéË㣻2¡¢Ãð»¡ÏµÍ³Éè¼Æ£¬°üÀ¨Ãð»¡ÏµÍ³µÄ½á¹¹Éè¼Æ¡¢²ÄÁÏÑ¡Ôñ¡¢ÏµÍ³³ß´ç¼ÆËãºÍÃð»¡ÐÔÄÜÑéË㣻3¡¢µç´ÅϵͳÉè¼Æ£¬°üÀ¨½»Á÷µç´ÅÌú½á¹¹ÐÎʽѡÔñ¡¢µç´ÅϵͳµÄÌØÐÔÅäºÏ¼ÆËã¡¢µç´ÅÎüÁ¦¼ÆËãµÈ£»½»Á÷µç´ÅÌúÐÔÄÜÑéËãºÍ¾­¼ÃÖ¸±êÆÀ¼Û¡£ ¶þ¡¢½ø¶È°²Åż°Íê³Éʱ¼ä£º

£¨1£©3ÔÂ01ÈÕÖÁ3ÔÂ14ÈÕ£º²éÔÄ×ÊÁÏ£»×«Ð´ÎÄÏ××ÛÊöºÍ¿ªÌⱨ¸æ£»È·¶¨×ÜÌå·½°¸¡£ £¨2£©3ÔÂ15ÈÕÖÁ3ÔÂ30ÈÕ£º±Ïҵʵϰ¡¢×«Ð´ÊµÏ°±¨¸æ¡£ £¨3£©3ÔÂ31ÈÕÖÁ5ÔÂ23ÈÕ£º±ÏÒµÉè¼Æ¡£ 3ÔÂ31ÈÕ-4ÔÂ20ÈÕ Ö÷´¥Í·Éè¼Æ 4ÔÂ21ÈÕ-5ÔÂ03ÈÕ Ãð»¡ÏµÍ³Éè¼Æ 5ÔÂ04ÈÕ-5ÔÂ23ÈÕ ½»Á÷µç´ÅϵͳÉè¼Æ¡¢ÐÔÄÜÑéËãºÍ¾­¼ÃÖ¸±êÆÀ¼Û £¨4£©5ÔÂ24ÈÕÖÁ6ÔÂ03ÈÕ£º×«Ð´±ÏÒµÉè¼ÆÂÛÎÄ £¨5£©6ÔÂ04ÈÕÖÁ6ÔÂ07ÈÕ£ºÖ¸µ¼ÀÏʦÆÀÔÄ¡¢µç×ÓÎĵµÉÏ´«FTP¡£ £¨6£©6ÔÂ08ÈÕÖÁ6ÔÂ11ÈÕ£º±ÏÒµÉè¼Æ´ð±ç¡£ £¨7£©6ÔÂ12ÈÕÖÁ6ÔÂ14ÈÕ£º±ÏÒµÉè¼Æ³É¼¨ÆÀ¶¨ £¨8£©6ÔÂ15ÈÕÖÁ6ÔÂ20ÈÕ£º±ÏÒµÉè¼Æ×ÊÁϹ鵵

Ŀ ¼

Õª Òª ............................................................................................................................................... I ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................. ...¢ò µÚ1Õ Ð÷ÂÛ ............................................................................................................................... 1

1.1ÒýÑÔ ................................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 ½»Á÷½Ó´¥Æ÷µÄ»ù±¾×é³É¼°¹¤×÷Ô­Àí ..................................................................... 1 1.3 ½»Á÷½Ó´¥Æ÷µÄÓÃ; ..................................................................................................... 2 µÚ2Õ ´¥Í·ÏµÍ³Éè¼Æ ............................................................................................................. 3

2.1È·¶¨´¥Í·µÄ½á¹¹µÄÉè¼Æ ............................................................................................. 3 2.2´¥Í·ºÍÖ÷¶¯´¥ÇŲÄÁϵÄÑ¡Ôñ .................................................................................... 3 2.3´¥Í·µÄ³ß´çºÍ²ÎÊýÑ¡Ôñ ............................................................................................. 4

2.3.1 ´¥Í·´¥ÇŵĽØÃæ³ß´ç .................................................................................... 4 2.3.2 Ö÷¾²´¥Í·µ¼µç°å½ØÃæ³ß´çµÄÈ·¶¨ ............................................................. 4 2.3.3 Ö÷´¥Í·³ß´çµÄÈ·¶¨......................................................................................... 4 2.3.4 Ö÷´¥Í·²ÎÊýµÄÈ·¶¨......................................................................................... 5 2.4 ´¥Í·ÎÂÉý¼°¶¯ÈÈÎȶ¨ÐÔÑéËã ................................................................................... 6

2.4.1 ¼ÆËãÖ÷´¥Í·½Ó´¥µç×è .................................................................................... 6 2.4.2 ÑéËãÖ÷´¥Í·ÎÂÉýÖµ......................................................................................... 6 2.4.3´¥ÇŵÄÈÈÎȶ¨ÐÔ .............................................................................................. 7 2.4.4¼ÆËãÖ÷¶¯´¥Í·¼°´¥ÇŵÄÖÊÁ¿Ó봥ͷ³õѹÁ¦µÄ±ÈÖµ ............................... 7 2.4.5´¥Í·µÄ¶¯Îȶ¨ÐÔ .............................................................................................. 8 2.5 ¸¨Öú´¥Í·µÄÉè¼ÆÓë¼ÆËã ............................................................................................ 9

2.5.1´¥ÇųߴçµÄÈ·¶¨ .............................................................................................. 9 2.5.2µ¼µç°å³ß´çµÄÈ·¶¨ .......................................................................................... 9 2.5.3¼ÆË㸨Öú´¥Í·ºñ¶È .......................................................................................... 9 2.5.4¸¨Öú´¥Í·²ÎÊýÈ·¶¨ ........................................................................................ 10 2.5.5ÑéË㸨Öú´¥Í·ÎÂÉý¼°¶¯ÈÈÎȶ¨ÐÔ ............................................................ 10 2.5.6 ¶¯Îȶ¨ÐÔµÄУºË ........................................................................................... 11 2.5.7 m/FccµÄ¼ÆËã .............................................................................................. 12

i

µÚ3Õ Ãð»¡ÏµÍ³Éè¼Æ ........................................................................................................... 13

3.1 ¸ÅÊö .............................................................................................................................. 13 3.2 Ãð»¡Ô­ÀíµÄÑо¿ ........................................................................................................ 13 3.3 ³£ÓõÄÃð»¡×°Öà ........................................................................................................ 13 3.4 Ñ¡ÔñÖ÷´¥Í·Ãð»¡ÏµÍ³µÄ½á¹¹ÐÎʽ¼°³ß´ç .......................................................... 14 3.5 ¸¨Öú´¥Í·ÏµÍ³Ã𻡷½·¨ .......................................................................................... 13 µÚ4Õ µç´ÅϵͳÉè¼Æ ........................................................................................................... 17

4.1 ¸ÅÊö .............................................................................................................................. 17 4.2 µç´ÅϵͳµÄÖÖÀàºÍµäÐͽṹÐÎʽ ........................................................................ 17 4.3 µç´ÅϵͳµÄ»ù±¾ÌØÐÔ .............................................................................................. 17 4.4 µç´ÅϵͳÉè¼Æ ............................................................................................................ 18 4.5µç´ÅϵͳµÄ½á¹¹ÐÎʽµÄÈ·¶¨ .................................................................................. 19 4.6 µç´ÅÌúµÄÉè¼ÆºÍ¼ÆËã .............................................................. ´íÎó£¡Î´¶¨ÒåÊéÇ©¡£ 4.7 ½»Á÷µç´ÅÌú·´Á¦ÌØÐÔ¼ÆËã ..................................................................................... 21 4.8 µç´ÅÌú¸÷λÖ÷´Á¦¼ÆËã .......................................................................................... 22 4.9 ÏÎÌú¸÷λÖ÷´Á¦ ........................................................................................................ 23 4.10 È·¶¨µç´ÅϵͳµÄÉè¼Æµã¼°Éè¼ÆµãÎüÁ¦ºÍ¹¤×÷Æø϶ֵ ................................. 24 4.11 ´ÅÌúµÄ³õ²½Éè¼Æ ..................................................................................................... 24 4.12 È·¶¨ÆäËû½á¹¹³ß´ç£¬²¢»­³öµç´ÅÌú²Ýͼ ........................................................ 24 4.13 ÐÔÄÜÑéËã ................................................................................................................... 28 4.14Ö÷ÒªÅÐ¶Ï .................................................................................................................... 33 4.15¼ÆËãµç´ÅÌú²ÄÁÏÖØÁ¿¼°¾­¼ÃÖØÁ¿ ....................................................................... 33 ½áÊøÓï ........................................................................................................................................... 37 ²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ× ...................................................................................................................................... 38 ÖÂл ............................................................................................................................................... 39 ¸½Â¼ ............................................................................................................................................... 39

ii

½»Á÷½Ó´¥Æ÷Éè¼Æ

Õª Òª£º±¾´ÎÉè¼ÆµÄÊǽ»Á÷½Ó´¥Æ÷£¬ÔÚ·ÖÎöÑù»úµÄ»ù´¡Ï£¬Ñ¡È¡×îÓŵÄÉè¼Æ·½°¸½øÐÐÉè¼Æ¡£½»Á÷½Ó´¥Æ÷´Ó½á¹¹ÉÏ¿´Ö÷ÒªÊÇÓÉ´¥Í·Ãð»¡ÏµÍ³¡¢µç´Åϵͳ¼°Ãð»¡ÏµÍ³Èý²¿·Ö×é³É¡£Éè¼ÆµÄÖ÷ÒªÄÚÈÝΪ:´¥Í·ÏµÍ³Éè¼ÆÓë¼ÆË㣬Ãð»¡ÏµÍ³Éè¼ÆÓë¼ÆËãºÍµç´ÅϵͳÉè¼ÆÓë¼ÆËã¡£¸ø³öÁ˽»Á÷½Ó´¥Æ÷µÄÉè¼Æ¡¢¹¤×÷Ô­Àí¡¢Éè¼Æ·ÖÎö¼°½áÂÛ¡£ ¹Ø¼ü´Ê£º½»Á÷½Ó´¥Æ÷ µç»¡ ´¥Í· µç´ÅÌú

I

Design for Ac contactor

ABSTRACT: the design is ac contactor, on the analysis of the prototype basis, the selection of the optimum design scheme design. Ac contactor from the structure is mainly composed of contacts arcing system, electromagnetic system and arcing system of three parts. Design of the main content is: contacts system design and calculation, arcing system design and calculation and electromagnetic system design and calculation. Given the ac contactor design, working principle and design analysis and conclusions.

Keywords: ac contactor arc touch head electromagnet

II

µÚ1Õ Ð÷ ÂÛ

1.1 ÒýÑÔ

ÎÒ¹ú¾­¼Ã½¨ÉèÔÚ·¢Õ¹£¬µçÍøÈÝÁ¿ÔÚÔö´ó£¬µçÁ¦´«¶¯¼¼ÊõÔÚ¸ïУ¬¶ÔµçÆ÷Ìá

³öµÄÒªÇóÔ½À´Ô½¸ß¡£ÀýÈ磬¶ÔµÍѹ¿ØÖƵçÆ÷£¬Òª¼ÌÐøÌá¸ßʹÓÃÊÙÃüºÍ²Ù×÷ƵÂÊ£¬ËõС²úÆ·Ìå»ýºÍ¼õÇáÖØÁ¿¡£µÍѹ¿ØÖƵçÆ÷Ö÷ÒªÓÃÓÚµçÁ¦Í϶¯ÏµÍ³ÖУ¬¶Ôµç¶¯»úµÄÔËÐнøÐпØÖÆ¡¢µ÷½ÚÓë±£»¤µÄµçÆ÷¡£ÒÀ¿¿ÈËÁ¦²Ù×÷µÄ¿ØÖƵçÆ÷³ÆΪÊÖ¶¯¿ØÖƵçÆ÷£¬¸ù¾ÝÐźÅÄÜ×Ô¶¯Íê³É¶¯×÷µÄ³ÆΪ×Ô¶¯¿ØÖƵçÆ÷¡£

½Ó´¥Æ÷ÊÇÔÚÕý³£µÄ¹¤×÷Ìõ¼þÏ£¬Ö÷Òª×÷ÓÃƵ·±µØ½ÓͨºÍ·Ö¶Ï½»¡¢Ö±Á÷Ö÷µç

·£¬²¢¿ÉÒÔÔ¶¾àÀë¿ØÖƵĵçÆ÷£¬ÆäÖ÷Òª¿ØÖƶÔÏóÊǵ綯»ú£¬Ò²¿ÉÒÔÓÃÓÚ¿ØÖÆÆäËûµçÁ¦¸ºÔØÒ»ÖÖÊÊÓÃÓÚÔ¶¾àÀëƵ·±µØ½ÓͨºÍ·Ö¶Ï½»Á÷Ö÷µç·¼°´óÈÝÁ¿¿ØÖƵ緵ĵçÆ÷¡£ËüÖ÷Òª×÷ÓÿØÖƽ»Á÷¸ÐÓ¦µç¶¯»úµÄÆô¶¯¡¢Í£Ö¹¡¢·´×ª¡¢µ÷ËÙ¡¢²¢ÓëÈȼ̵çÆ÷»òÆäËûÊʵ±µÄ±£»¤×°ÖÃ×éºÏ£¬±£»¤µç¶¯»ú¿ÉÄÜ·¢ÉúµÄ¹ýÔØ»ò¶ÏÏ࣬Ҳ¿ÉÓÃÓÚ¿ØÖÆÆäËûµçÁ¦¸ºÔØÈçÈȵçÆ÷¡¢ÕÕÃ÷¡¢µçº¸»ú£¬µçÈÝ×éµÈ¡£½Ó´¥Æ÷µÄ´¥Í·ÏµÍ³¿ÉÒÔÓõç´ÅÌú¡¢Ñ¹Ëõ¿ÕÆø»òÒºÌåѹÁ¦Çý¶¯£¬Òò¶ø¿ÉÒÔ·ÖΪµç´Å½Ó´¥Æ÷¡¢Æø¶¯½Ó´¥Æ÷ºÍҺѹ½Ó´¥Æ÷µÈ¡£½üÄêÀ´»¹³öÏÖÁËÓɾ§Õ¢¹ÜµÈ×é³ÉµÄÎÞ´¥µã½Ó´¥Æ÷¡£

Ëæןĸ↑·ÅµÄ½øÒ»²½É£¬¹úÃñ¾­¼ÃÉÏÐĄ̂½×¡£Å©Òµ»úе»°¼°¹¤Òµ×Ô¶¯»°³Ì¶È½«²»¶ÏÌá¸ß£¬µçÆ÷µÄʹÓ÷¶Î§ÈÕÒæ¹ã´ó£¬¶ÔÆ·ÖÖ¡¢²úÁ¿¼°ÖÊÁ¿µÄÒªÇóÈÕÒæÌá¸ß£¬µçÆ÷ÖÆÔìÒµÒѳÉΪ¹úÃñ¾­¼Ã½¨ÉèÖÐÖØÒªµÄÒ»»·¡£ÔÚ¿ªÊ¼°´ÕÕÒªÇóÔ¤ÏÈÑ¡¶¨Á½ÖÖ²»Í¬ÐÎʽµÄµç´ÅÌú£¬ÔÙ¸ù¾ÝһЩ¸ø¶¨µÄ²ÎÊý¼ÆËã³öÖ÷¡¢¸¨Öú´¥Í·µÄ²ÎÊý£¬ÖصãÔÚ½â¾ö´¥Í·²ÄÁϵÄÎÊÌ⣬ʹµÃÉè¼ÆµÄ²úÆ·¸ü¼Ó¿É¿¿¡£

1.2 ½»Á÷½Ó´¥Æ÷µÄ»ù±¾×é³É¼°¹¤×÷Ô­Àí

½»Á÷½Ó´¥Æ÷Ö÷ÒªÓÐËIJ¿·Ö×é³É:(1) µç´Åϵͳ,°üÀ¨ÎüÒýÏßȦ¡¢¶¯ÌúоºÍ¾²Ìúо£»(2)´¥Í·ÏµÍ³,°üÀ¨Èý×éÖ÷´¥Í·ºÍÒ»ÖÁÁ½×é³£¿ª¡¢³£±Õ¸¨Öú´¥Í·,ËüºÍ¶¯ÌúоÊÇÁ¬ÔÚÒ»Æð»¥ÏàÁª¶¯µÄ£»(3)Ãð»¡×°ÖÃ,Ò»°ãÈÝÁ¿½Ï´óµÄ½»Á÷½Ó´¥Æ÷¶¼ÉèÓÐÃð»¡×°ÖÃ,ÒÔ±ãѸËÙÇжϵ绡,ÃâÓÚÉÕ»µÖ÷´¥Í·£»(4)¾øÔµÍâ¿Ç¼°¸½¼þ,¸÷ÖÖµ¯»É¡¢´«¶¯»ú¹¹¡¢¶Ì·»·¡¢½ÓÏßÖùµÈ¡£

¹¤×÷Ô­Àí£ºµ±ÏßȦͨµçʱ,¾²Ìúо²úÉúµç´ÅÎüÁ¦,½«¶¯ÌúоÎüºÏ,ÓÉÓÚ´¥Í·Ïµ

1

ͳÊÇÓ붯ÌúоÁª¶¯µÄ,Òò´Ë¶¯Ìúо´ø¶¯ÈýÌõ¶¯´¥Æ¬Í¬Ê±ÔËÐÐ,´¥µã±ÕºÏ,´Ó¶ø½ÓͨµçÔ´¡£µ±ÏßȦ¶Ïµçʱ,ÎüÁ¦Ïûʧ, ¶¯ÌúоÁª¶¯²¿·ÖÒÀ¿¿µ¯»ÉµÄ·´×÷ÓÃÁ¦¶ø·ÖÀë,ʹÖ÷´¥Í·¶Ï¿ª,ÇжϵçÔ´¡£

1.3 ½»Á÷½Ó´¥Æ÷µÄÓÃ;

½»Á÷½Ó´¥Æ÷ÊÇÒ»ÖÖÊÊÓÃÓÚÔ¶¾àÀëƵ·±µØ½ÓͨºÍ·Ö¶Ï½»Á÷Ö÷µç·¼°´óÈÝÁ¿¿ØÖƵ緵ĵçÆ÷¡£ËüÖ÷ÒªÓÃ×÷¿ØÖƽ»Á÷¸ÐÓ¦µç¶¯»úµÄÆ𶯡¢Í£Ö¹¡¢·´×ª¡¢µ÷ËÙ£¬²¢ÓëÈȼ̵çÆ÷»òÆäËüÊʵ±µÄ±£»¤×°ÖÃ×éºÏ£¬±£»¤µç¶¯»ú¿ÉÄÜ·¢ÉúµÄ¹ýÔØ»ò¶ÏÏ࣬Ҳ¿ÉÓÃÓÚ¿ØÖÆÆäËüµçÁ¦¸ºÔØÈçµçÈÈÆ÷¡¢µçÕÕÃ÷¡¢µçº¸»ú¡¢µçÈÝÆ÷×éµÈ¡£

½»Á÷½Ó´¥Æ÷ÓÃ;¹ã·º£¬Æ·ÖÖ·±¶à£¬°´Æä½á¹¹ºÍÓÃ;·ÖÀࣺ°´Ö÷´¥Í·¼¶Êý·ÖΪµ¥¼«¡¢Ë«¼«¡¢Èý¼«ºÍ¶à¼«£»°´Ö÷´¥Í·µÄÕý³£(¼´Àø´ÅÏßȦÎÞµçʱ)λÖ÷ÖΪ³£·ÖʽºÍ³£ºÏʽ£»°´ÎüÒýÏßȦÖÖÀà·ÖΪ½»Á÷Àø´ÅºÍÖ±Á÷Àø´Å£»°´Ã𻡽éÖÊ·ÖΪ¿ÕÆøʽºÍÕæ¿Õʽ£»°´ÓÐÎÞÃð»¡ÊÒ·ÖΪÓÐÃð»¡ÊÒºÍÎÞÃð»¡ÊÒ¡£

2

µÚ2Õ ´¥Í·ÏµÍ³Éè¼Æ

2.1 È·¶¨´¥Í·µÄ½á¹¹µÄÉè¼Æ

¸ù¾ÝÈÎÎñÊéµÄ»ù±¾ÈÎÎñÒªÇó£¬Ö÷´¥Í·²ÉÓÃÖ±¶¯Ê½¡¢Ë«¶Ïµãʽ»ú¹¹¡£ÆäÓÅȱµãÖ÷ҪΪ£¬ Óŵ㣺1¡¢¾ßÓÐÁ½¸öÓÐЧµÄÃð»¡ÇøÓò£¬Ãð»¡Ð§¹ûºÃ£¬Í¨³£Ð¡ÈÝÁ¿½»Á÷½Ó´¥Æ÷£¬ÀûÓõçÁ÷×ÔÈ»¹ýÁãʱÁ½¶Ï¿Ú´¦µÄ½üÒõ¼«Ð§Ó¦¼´¿ÉϨÃðµç»¡£»2¡¢´¥Í·¿ª¾à½ÏС£¬½á¹¹½Ï½ô´Õ£¬Ìå»ýÓÖС£¬Í¬Ê±»¹²»ÓÃÈíÁ¬½Ó£¬¹ÊÓÐÀûÓÚÌá¸ß½Ó´¥Æ÷µÄ»úеÊÙÃü¡£

ȱµã£º1¡¢Ë«¶Ï¿Ú´¥Í·²ÎÊýµ÷½Ú²»±ã£¬±ÕºÏʱһ°ãÎÞ¹ö»¬Ô˶¯£¬²»ÄÜÇå³ý´¥Í·±íÃæµÄÑõ»¯Î¹Ê´¥Í·ÐèÓÃÒø»òÒø»ùºÏ½ð²ÄÁÏ£¬ÖÆÔì³É±¾½Ï¸ß¡£2¡¢Óëµ¥¶ÏµãÏà±È£¬ÔÚͬÑùµÄ´¥Í·µ¯»ÉѹÁ¦Ï£¬´¥µãÉϵĽӴ¥Ñ¹Á¦µç¶¯Îȶ¨ÐԽϵ͡£

2.2 ´¥Í·ºÍÖ÷¶¯´¥ÇŲÄÁϵÄÑ¡Ôñ

¸ù¾ÝÊéÉϼ°ÍøÉÏ×ÊÁÏÁªÏµËù¸ø¿ÎÌâÒªÇ󣬽»Á÷½Ó´¥Æ÷²ÉÓõĴ¥Í·²ÄÁÏÓд¿Òø£¬Òø-Ñõ»¯ïÓ£¬Òø-Ñõ»¯Îý¼¸ÖÖ²ÄÁÏ¡£Ëæ×Å´¥Í·Æ·ÖÖµÄÔö¼Ó£¬ÖÆÔ칤ÒյĸĽø£¬´¥Í·²ÄÁÏʹÓÃÐÔÄܵÄÌá¸ß£¬´Ó½ÚÒø·½Ã濼ÂÇ£¬Öð½¥ÌÔÌ­ÁË´¿Òø´¥Í·¡£AgCdO´¥Í·²ÄÁÏ×Ô30Äê´úÎÊÊÀÒÔÀ´£¬ÓÉÓÚÆäÄÍÄ¥Ë𡢿¹ÈÛº¸ÐԺᢽӴ¥µç×èСµÈ£¬¾­¹ý²»¶Ï¸Ä½ø£¬ÔÚµÍѹµçÆ÷Öеõ½Á˹㷺µÄÓ¦Ó㬵«ÊÇËü²úÉúµÄÓк¦½ðÊôÕôÆû¶Ô»·¾³µÄÎÛȾ£¬¶ÔÈËÃǵĽ¡¿µµÄΣº¦£¬ÒÑÔ½À´Ô½ÒýÆðÖØÊÓ¡£AgSnO2´¥Í·×÷ΪһÖÖÐÂÐ͵ÄÒø-Ñõ»¯Îﴥͷ²ÄÁÏ£¬ÕýÖð²½È¡´úËäÓкܺõĿ¹ÈÚº¸ÐÔÄܵ«Óм«´ó¶¾ÐÔµÄAgCdO£¬ÓкÜÇ¿µÄÄ͵绡ÐÔÄÜ£¬ÕâÖÖ²ÄÁϵÄÈÈÎȶ¨ÐÔ±ÈÒøÑõ»¯ïӸߵö࣬Òò´Ë£¬Ñ¡ÓÃAgSnO2´¥Í·²ÄÁÏÈ¡´úAgCdO,¿Éʹ²ÄÁÏÌå»ý¼õÉÙ25%£¬²¢Äܱ£³ÖͬÑùµÄÊÙÃü¡££¬´óÁ¿Ñо¿±íÃ÷AgSnO2µÄÐÔÄÜÍêÈ«¿ÉÒÔÓëAgCdOæÇÃÀ¡£ËäÈ»AgSnO2µÄÎÂÉý±È½Ï¸ß£¬µ«¿ÉÒÔÌí¼ÓWO3¡¢MoO3µÈÀ´¼õÉÙ½Ó´¥µç×裬¸ÄÉÆÎÂÉýÇé¿ö¡£

AgSnO2´¥Í·µÄÖÆÔ칤ÒÕÓÐÄÚÑõ»¯·¨¼°·ÛÄ©Ò±½ð·¨Á½ÖÖ£¬ÄÚÑõ»¯·¨±ØÐë¼ÓÈëî÷²ÅÄÜÍê³É£¬µ«î÷´¢Á¿ÉÙ£¬Òò´Ë£¬ÊÀ½çÉ϶àÊýÓ÷ÛÄ©Ò±½ð·¨¼·Ñ¹¶ø³ÉÐÂÐ͵ÄAgSnO2,µ«´ó¶àÊýº¬MeO¡£

Ó÷ÛÄ©Éսἷѹ¼¼ÊõÖƳÉAgSnO2+MeO²ÄÁϾßÓУºµç×èÂÊС£¬´¥Í·ÎÂÉýС£»´¥Í·Ä͵绡ÉÕËðÐÔÄܸߣ¬ÄÍ»úеĥËðÐÔÄܸߡ£ÁËÄÍÈÛº¸ÐÔ£¬Ò²¾ÍÌá¸ßÁ˵çÊÙÃü¡£

3

¸¨Öú´¥Í·²ÉÓô¿Òø²ÄÁÏ£¬Ëü¾ßÓÐÁ¼ºÃµÄµ¼µç¡¢µ¼ÈÈÐÔ£¬½Ó´¥µç×èµÍ¶øÎȶ¨£¬µçÄ¥ËðС¶ø¾ùÔÈ¡£

Ö÷¾²´¥Í·µ¼µç°åÑ¡Óõ¼µçÐÔÄܺ㬿¹À­Ç¿¶È½Ï¸ßµÄ»ÆÍ­£¬²¢¶ÆÎý3-6¦Ìm¡£

Òò´Ë£¬Ö÷´¥Í·Ñ¡ÓÃAgSnO2²ÄÁÏ£¬½Ó´¥µç×èµÍ¶øÎȶ¨£¬ÈÈÎȶ¨ÐԸߣ¬¿Éʹµç»¡»¡¸ù´¦ÈÛ³ØÖÐÈÛÈÚÌåµÄÕ³¶ÈÌá¸ß£¬¼õÉٵ绡×ÆÉÕʱµÄÅ罦Ëðʧ¿ÉÒÔ´ó´ó¼ò»¯Ãð»¡ÏµÍ³µÄÉè¼Æ£»¸ßµÄÈÈÎȶ¨ÐÔ»¹Ê¹´¥Í·±íÃ渻¼¯½ðÊôÑõ»¯Î´Ó¶ø±£»¤Á˵ͷеãµÄÒøµÄÕô·¢²¢Ìá¸ß

2.3 ´¥Í·µÄ³ß´çºÍ²ÎÊýÑ¡Ôñ

2.3.1 ´¥Í·´¥ÇŵĽØÃæ³ß´ç(°´ÔÊÐíÎÂÉýÀ´È·¶¨)

²é±íµÃ»ÆÍ­¦Ñ0=7*10-6Å·¡¤ÀåÃ×, µç×èζÈϵÊýa¦Ø=0.00151(1/0C );B¼¶¾øÔµ²ÄÁϵÄÔÊÐíÎÂÉý¦Ç=900C£¬µ±½éÖÊζÈÈ¡400Cʱ£¬ÔÊÐíζÈΪ1300C¡£È¡É¢ÈÈϵÊý£¬¶ÔÓÚ±âƽͭĸÏßKT=(6-10)¡Á10-4È¡KT=8¡Á10-4(w/cm¡¤0C)´¥ÇÅΪ¾ØÐνØÃ棬°´¹«Ê½

?0(1?a??)Ith2 ab(a+b)= (2-1)

2KT?7?10?6(1?0.0015?130)?1252 = ?42?8?100?90 =0.91cm3

ʽ£¨2.1£©ÖÐaΪºñ¶È¡¢bΪ¿í¶È¡¢¦ÈΪÔÊÐíÎÂÉý¡£ È¡´¥Çźñ¶Èa=2mm ÔòÓÉÉϹ«Ê½£º

?2?22?4?455 b==20.4mm È¡b=20mm

2 ´¥ÇŽØÃæ»ý£ºS=2¡Á20=0.4cm2

2.3.2 Ö÷¾²´¥Í·µ¼µç°å½ØÃæ³ß´çµÄÈ·¶¨£¨°´µçÁ÷ÃܶÈÀ´È·¶¨£©

¿¼ÂÇÖ÷¶¯¡¢¾²´¥Í·ÅäºÏ£¬È¡µ¼µç°åµÄ¿í¶ÈΪ20mm²é±í[1]È¡½Ó´¥°åµÄµçÁ÷ÃܶÈj2=2.5A/mm2Ôò½Ó´¥°åµÄºñ¶ÈΪ£º

h=I/jb=100/(2.5¡Á20)=2mm

2.3.3 Ö÷´¥Í·³ß´çµÄÈ·¶¨

°´Ö÷¾²´¥Í·µ¼µç°å¼°Ö÷¶¯´¥Çųߴ硣³õ¶¨Ö÷´¥Í·½ØÃæ³ß´ç£¬ÔÙ¼ÆËãÖ÷´¥Í·µç

4

Ä¥ËðÌå»ý£¬À´È·¶¨´¥Í·ºñ¶ÈÓÉÓÚ´¥ÇŵĿí¶ÈΪ20mm£¬±ãÓÚº¸½Ó£¬È¡Ö÷¶¯´¥Í·³¤a=18mm£¬¿íb=18mmÔòÆäµçÄ¥ËðÌå»ýµÄ¼ÆË㹫ʽÈçÏÂ

N?c?q0 Vc= £¨2-2£©

ke?ʽÖÐ N¡ª¡ª´¥Í·µçÊÙÃü´ÎÊý300¡Á104´Î

¦Ã

c¡ª¡ª¡ª

·Åµç״̬Ï£¬µ¥Î»µçÁ¿ËùÏûºÄµÄ½ðÊôÁ¿ÏµÊý£¨g/c£©²é±íÈ¡4¡Á10-6

£¨g/c£©

q0¡ª¡ª¡ªÔÚ´¥Í··Ö¶Î¹ý³ÌÖУ¬µç·Á÷¹ý´¥Í·£¨c£© ke¡ª¡ª½ðÊôÌå»ýµÄÀûÓÃϵÊý£¬ke¡Ö0.5 ¦Ñ¡ª¡ª´¥Í·²ÄÁϵÄÃܶȣ¨g/cm3£©

¶Ô½»Á÷µç·£¬q0¡Ö

2?2?I0?n?£¨nµç»¡È¼Éհ벨Êý£¬È¡1£© £¨2-3£©

¡Ö

2?2?100?1

314 =0.9

²é±íÒø¡ªÑõ»¯ÎýÃܶȦÑ=10.1g/cm3

300?104?4?10?6?0.9 Vc= £¨2-4£©

0.5?10.1 =2.14cm3

²Î¿¼Í¬Àà²úÆ·£¬´¥Í·ÐÎ״ΪÕý·½Ì壬³¤a=18mm £¬¿íb=18mm

Ò»¸ö´¥Í·µÄÄ¥Ëðºñ¶È¼ÆË㹫ʽÈç

Vc hc= £¨2-5£©

2ab2140 =

2?18?18 =3.3mm

Ò»¸ö´¥Í·µÄºñ¶È h=(1.6¡ª2)hc È¡h=1.6hc¡Ö5.3mm

2.3.4 Ö÷´¥Í·²ÎÊýµÄÈ·¶¨

²é±í¿ÉÖª

Ö÷´¥Í·³¬³Ì£º ¦Ã1=£¨2.4-4.5£©mm È¡¦Ã1=3mm Ö÷´¥Í·¿ª¾à£º ¦Â1=£¨4-11£©mm È¡¦Â1=7mm

Ϊ±£Ö¤³¤ÆÚ¹¤×÷µÄ¿É¿¿ÐÔ£¬´¥Í·µÄ³õѹÁ¦È¡µÃ±È½Ï´ó£¬¶ÔÓÚ½Ó´¥Æ÷µÈ¿ØÖƵç

5

Æ÷µÄ´¥Í·ÎªÁ˼õÉÙ´¥Í·Ä¥Ëð±£Ö¤½Ó´¥¿É¿¿£¬µ¥Î»¶î¶¨µçÁ÷µÄ³õѹÁ¦·¶Î§ÊÇ£ºF/I=(0.04¡ª0.1)N/AÈ¡F/I=0.08N/A£¬

¼´¿ÉµÃ´¥Í·³õѹÁ¦: F0=IN(F/I)=100¡Á0.08=8N

´¥Í·ÖÕѹÁ¦°´ÏÂʽ¼ÆË㣺 FZ=(1.15¡ª1.5)F0 È¡FZ=1.25F0=10N

2.4 ´¥Í·ÎÂÉý¼°¶¯ÈÈÎȶ¨ÐÔÑéËã

2.4.1 ¼ÆËãÖ÷´¥Í·½Ó´¥µç×è

Rj?Kj(0.102P)m =

60?0.102?10?

=58.8¦Ì¦¸

ʽÖÐ Rj----½Ó´¥µç×裨¦Ì¦¸£©;

F ----½Ó´¥Ñ¹Á¦£¨N£© È¡Fz m-----ϵÊý£¬Ãæ½Ó´¥ È¡m=1;

Kj----ϵÊý²é×ÊÁÏ È¡Kj=60

2.4.2 ÑéËãÖ÷´¥Í·ÎÂÉýÖµ

´¥ÇÅÖܳ¤£ºP=2¡Á(2+20)=4.4cm ¼«ÏÞÔÊÐíζȣº¦È=1300C ´¥ÇÅ·¢ÈÈÎÂÉý£º

2 t1=

?0(1?a??)IKTPS 7?10?6?(1?0.0015?130)?1002=8?10?4?4.4?0.4 =59.40C<900C

·ûºÏ¾øÔµÄÍÈȵȼ¶ÒªÇó

Ö÷´¥Í·µÄ½ØÃæ»ýΪ£ºS=ab=12¡Á10=1.2cm2 Öܳ¤Îª£ºP=2(a+b)=2(12+10)=4.4cm

²é±íÈ¡µ¼ÈÈϵÊý¦Ë=3.26w/cm0C£¬µç×èϵÊý¦Ñ0=2.0¡Á10-6¦¸¡¤cm ÓÉ´¥Í·½Ó´¥µç×èºÍµçÁ÷Ïß¼¯ÖÐËùÒýÆðµÄ·¢ÈÈÎÂÉýÆä¼ÆË㹫ʽÈçÏ£º 6

2-6£©2-7£©£¨

£¨

t2=

RjI22??KTPS?Rj?I28??02 £¨2-8£©

(58.8?10?6)2?1002 = ??6?42?3.26?8?10?4.4?1.28?3.26?2.0?10 =2.5+0.6639=3.16930C

´¥Í·½Ó´¥´¦×ÜÎÂÉý¼ÆË㹫ʽÈçÏÂ

t= t1+ t2=59.4+3.1693 £¨2-9£©

=62.57<900C

ÎÂÉýºÏ¸ñ

58.8?10?6?10022.4.3 ´¥ÇŵÄÈÈÎȶ¨ÐÔ

µ±Ö÷¶¯´¥ÇÅͨ¹ý²úÆ·¼¼ÊõÌõ¼þ¹æ¶¨µÄ¶Ìʱ¹ýÔصçÁ÷ʱ£¬ÆäζÈÓ¦²»³¬¹ý²ÄÁϵĶÌʱÔÊÐí·¢ÈÈζȣ¬ÓÉJB245.5-1985 ²éµÃÆäÈÈÎȶ¨µçÁ÷ I=8IN=800A.

Uj=RjI

=58.8¡Á800¡Á10-6

=0.047V

²é±íµÃ,¿ªÊ¼ÈÚ»¯Ê±µÄµçѹ½µUJS=0.37V ÒòΪ Uj

2.4.4 ¼ÆËãÖ÷¶¯´¥Í·¼°´¥ÇŵÄÖÊÁ¿Ó봥ͷ³õѹÁ¦µÄ±ÈÖµ

Ö÷´¥Í·¼°´¥ÇŵÄÖÊÁ¿Ó봥ͷ³õѹÁ¦µÄ±ÈֵӦСÓÚ»ò½Ó½ü103kg/N£¬ÒÔ¼õÉÙ´¥

Í·µÄÕ𶯡£

Ö÷¶¯´¥Í·Ìå»ý¼ÆË㹫ʽ:

Vz=¦Ðr2h=3.14¡ÁR2¡Áh=3.14¡Á7.52¡Á4=706.5mm3 £¨2-10£©

Ö÷¶¯´¥Í·ÖÊÁ¿¼ÆË㹫ʽ:

Mz=0.7065¡Á10.1=7.14g £¨2-11£©

ÆäÌå»ýΪ£º(ÔÝÈ¡´¥Çų¤¶ÈΪ5cm,ÔòÈ¡ÆäÒ»°ëΪ2.5cm)

Vq=2.5¡Á0.2¡Á1.6=0.8cm3 £¨2-12£©

²é±íÈ¡»ÆÍ­¦Ñ=8.5g/cm3

7

¹ÌÆäÖÊÁ¿Îª:

m=8.5¡Á0.8=6.8g

×ÜÖÊÁ¿Îª:

M=7.14+6.8=13.94g

³õѹÁ¦Îª:

F0=IN(F/I)=100¡Á0.08=8N

µÃM/F±ÈÖµ:

M/F=(13.94¡Á10-3)/(2¡Á8)=0.871kg/N <103kg/N

ËùÒÔÕñ¶¯Ð¡£¬Âú×ãÒªÇó¡£

2.4.5 ´¥Í·µÄ¶¯Îȶ¨ÐÔ

²é±íµÃÆäѹÖåϵÊý£º

¦Æy=500¡Á102 N/cm2

´¥Í·Ñ¹ÖåÃæ»ý¼ÆË㹫ʽ:

S0=F0/¦Æy=8/(500¡Á102)=1.6¡Á10-4cm2 £¨2-13£© ´¥Í·½Ó´¥µãµÄµç¶¯³âÁ¦¼ÆË㹫ʽ£º

Fch=2I2¡Áln(S/So)¡Á10-7 £¨2-14£©

1.2?7?10 =2?(2?103)2?ln ?41.6?10 =7.14N ʽÖУº¶¯Îȶ¨µçÁ÷I=20Ie=2¡Á103A

×÷ÓÃÔÚ¶¯´¥ÇÅÉÏÉÐÓлØ·µç¶¯³âÁ¦£¬´¹Ö±²¼Öõ¼Ìåµç¶¯Á¦µÄ¼ÆË㹫ʽ£º

I1I2(hl?h?)?10?7r1r2 £¨2-15£©

S Fc=2¡Á

100?100?10.25172?10.25217?10?7=2¡Á

=0.00006075N

ʽÖÐÈ¡LΪ´¥Çų¤¶ÈÈ¡L=5cm, Ôò»Ø·µ¼Ìå¾àÀë s=

50?L?15=17mm 2 H=1.25+8+1=10.25;l1=h

8

×ܳâÁ¦¼ÆË㹫ʽÈçÏ£º

F=Fch+Fc £¨2-16£© =7.14+0.00006075 =7.1406075 <10N=Fo

Âú×㴥ͷ¶¯Îȶ¨ÐÔµÄÒªÇó¡£

2.5 ¸¨Öú´¥Í·µÄÉè¼ÆÓë¼ÆËã

2¶¯ºÏ¡¢2¶¯¶Ï¡¢¶î¶¨¾øÔµµçѹ660VÔ¼¶¨·¢ÈȵçÁ÷Ϊ10A£¬¶î¶¨¹¤×÷µçÁ÷Ϊ10A£¬È¡¸¨Öú´¥Í·²ÄÁÏΪ´¿Òø£¬´¥Çż°µ¼µç°åµÄ²ÄÁÏÈÔÈ¡»ÆÍ­¡£

2.5.1 ´¥ÇųߴçµÄÈ·¶¨

?0(1?a??)Ie2ab(a+b)= £¨2-17£©

2kT?7?10?6?(1?0.0015?130)?102 = ?42?8?10?90 =0.00581cm3 È¡´¥Çźñ¶ÈΪa=1mm£¬´¥ÇÅ¿í¶ÈΪb=6mm Òø´¥Í·Ñ¡ÓÃÔ²ÖùÐΣ¬Ö±¾¶r=4mm

2.5.2 µ¼µç°å³ß´çµÄÈ·¶¨

È¡µ¼µç°å¿í¶ÈΪ8mm,½Ó´¥°åµçÁ÷ÃܶÈΪ1.3A/mm ÔòÆäºñ¶È

h`=I/jb=10/(1.3¡Á8)¡Ö1mm £¨2-18£©

¹Ì¿ÉÈ¡µ¼µç°åºñ¶ÈΪ£º1mm

2.5.3 ¼ÆË㸨Öú´¥Í·ºñ¶È

µçÄ¥ËðÌå»ý£º

Vc=

N?c?q0 £¨2-19£©

ke?? ʽÖÐN¡ª¡ª´¥Í·µçÊÙÃü´ÎÊý300¡Á104´Î ¦Ã

c¡ª¡ª¡ª

·Åµç״̬Ï£¬µ¥Î»µçÁ¿ËùÏûºÄµÄ½ðÊôÁ¿ÏµÊý²é±í

È¡¦Ãc =3.6¡Á10-6£¨g/c£©

9

q0¡ª¡ª¡ªÔÚ´¥Í··Ö¶Î¹ý³ÌÖУ¬µç·Á÷¹ý´¥Í·£¨c£© ke¡ª¡ª½ðÊôÌå»ýµÄÀûÓÃϵÊý£¬ke¡Ö0.5 ¦Ñ¡ª¡ª´¥Í·²ÄÁϵÄÃܶȣ¨g/cm3£© ¶Ô½»Á÷µç·£¬£¨nµç»¡È¼Éհ벨Êý£¬È¡1£©

q0¡Ö

2?2?I0?n2?2?10?1=0.09 £¨2-20£©

=

?314 ²é±í´¿ÒøÃܶȦÑ=10.5£¨g/ cm3£©

300?104?3.6?10?6 Vc=?0.095?10.5=0.185cm3 0. ´¥Í·ÐÎ״ΪԲÖùÌ壬ֱ¾¶d=4mm

Ò»¸ö´¥Í·µÄÄ¥Ëðºñ¶È£º

hV4?0.185c=c2?S=2?3.14?0.4?0.4=0.74mm cÓÉ´¥Í·ºñ¶È¼ÆË㹫ʽ

h=(1.6¡ª2)hc È¡¸¨Öú´¥Í·ºñ¶Èh=1.6 hc =1.6¡Á0.74¡Ö1.18mm

2.5.4 ¸¨Öú´¥Í·²ÎÊýÈ·¶¨

(1)¡¢³õѹÁ¦£ºµ¥Î»µçÁ÷µÄ´¥Í·³õѹÁ¦Fd=0.1N/A

ÔòÒ»¸ö´¥Í·µÄ³õѹÁ¦Fcc=Ie¡ÁFd=1.1N

(2)¡¢¿ª¾à£º²é±í16.9¡¢È¡¦Â2=3mm (3)¡¢³¬³Ì£º²é±í16.9¡¢È¡r2=2mm (4)¡¢ÖÕѹÁ¦£ºFz=1.2Fcc=1.2¡Á1.1=1.32N

2.5.5 ÑéË㸨Öú´¥Í·ÎÂÉý¼°¶¯ÈÈÎȶ¨ÐÔ

K Rj=

j?(1?2?a??3)0.102?F (2-24)

cc0.00006?(1?2?0.004?130 =

3)0.102?1.1

=72.01¦¸ ´¥ÇÅÖܳ¤£ºP=(0.1+0.6)¡Á2=1.4cm

10

£¨2-21£©

£¨2-22£©

(2-23)

´¥ÇÅ·¢ÈÈÎÂÉý£º t1=

?0(1?a??)I2KTPS (2-25)

7?10?6?(1?0.0015?130)?102 = ?48?10?0.14?0.06 =80.240C<900C

·ûºÏ¾øÔµÄÍÈȵȼ¶ÒªÇ󣬼¶¾øÔµ²ÄÁϵÄÔÊÐíÎÂÉý¦Ç=900C ¸¨Öú´¥Í·µÄ½ØÃæ»ýΪ£º

S=3.14¡Á(d/2)2=0.1256cm2 Öܳ¤Îª£º P=3.14¡Ád=1.256cm

²é±íµç×èϵÊý¦Ñ0=1.5¡Á10-6¦¸¡¤cm£¬µ¼ÈÈϵÊý¦Ë=4.2w/cm0CÓÉ´¥Í·½Ó´¥µç×èºÍµçÁ÷Ïß¼¯ÖÐËùÒýÆðµÄ·¢ÈÈÎÂÉýΪ£º

2RjI2Rj?I2? T2= (2-26) 8??2??KTS0(72.01?10?5)2?102 = ??68?4.2?1.5?102?4.2?8?2.51?0.314 =0.6997+1.0288 =1.7285C ´¥Í·½Ó´¥´¦×ÜÎÂÉý

t=t1+t2=80.24+1.7285=81.9685<900C £¨2-27£© ¸¨Öú´¥Í·ÎÂÉýºÏ¸ñ

0

72.01?10?5?1022.5.6 ¶¯Îȶ¨ÐÔµÄУºË

²é±í²éµÃÒøµÄѹÖåϵÊý¦Æy=303¡Á102N/cm2

´¥Í·Ñ¹ÖåÃæ»ýS0=F0/¦Æy=1.1/(303¡Á102)=0.373¡Á10-4cm2 ¶¯Îȶ¨µçÁ÷Ϊ£º30¡ÁIe=30¡Á10=3¡Á10A ´¥Í·½Ó´¥µãµÄµç¶¯³âÁ¦£º Fch=2I2?lnS?10?7 (2-28) S00.1256?7?10 ?40.373?102

=2?(3?102)2?ln=0.146N<1.1N

¹Ê¶¯Îȶ¨ÐԺϸñ

11

×÷ÓÃÔÚ¶¯´¥ÇÅÉÏÉÐÓлØ·µç¶¯³âÁ¦£¬°´´¹Ö±²¼Öõ¼Ìåµç¶¯Á¦µÄ¼ÆË㹫ʽ£º

I1I2(hl?h?)?10?7r1r2 (2-29)

Fc=

S10?10?4 =0.95?10?70.95

=0.0000432N

ʽÖÐΪ´¥Çų¤¶È£¬È¡l=2.4cm, s=h`+h+a`=4mm

Ôò»Ø·µ¼Ìå¾àÀë s=24?1?42=9.5mm

H=0.5+3+0.5=4;l1=h

¹Ê×ܳâÁ¦:

F=Fch+Fc=0.1627+0.0000432=0.1627432N<1.1N=Fo Âú×㴥ͷ¶¯Îȶ¨ÐÔµÄÒªÇó¡£

2.5.7 m/FccµÄ¼ÆËã

È¡´¥Çų¤¶ÈΪ2.4cm,

½ØÃæ»ý£º S=0.1¡Á0.8=0.08cm2

´¥ÇÅÖÊÁ¿£ºmq=¦Ñsl=8.5¡Á0.08¡Á2.4=1.632g

¸¨Öú´¥Í·Îª´¿Òø£¬±ÈÖئÑAg=10.5g/cm3 ºñ¶Èh=1.18cm

ÖÊÁ¿mc=¦ÑAgsh=10.5¡Á0.08¡Á1.18=0.3978g

¹Ê¸¨Öú´¥Í·µÄ×ÜÖÊÁ¿Îª£ºmz=mc+mq/2=0.7875+2.75/2=2.1625g ËùÒÔµÃm/Fcc= mz/(2¡Á1.1)=0.9829¡Á10-3kg/N<1¡Á10-3kg/N ËùÒÔÕñ¶¯Ð¡£¬Âú×ãÒªÇó¡£

12

2-30£©

£¨

µÚ3Õ Ãð»¡ÏµÍ³Éè¼Æ

3.1 ¸ÅÊö

ÔÚ´óÆøÖпª¶Ïµç·ʱ£¬Èç¹ûµçÔ´µçѹ³¬¹ý12¡«20V£¬±»¿ª¶ÏµÄµçÁ÷³¬¹ý0.25¡«1A£¬ÔÚ´¥Í·¼ä϶£¨»¡Ï¶£©Öлá²úÉúÒ»ÍÅζȼ«¸ß¡¢·¢³öÇ¿¹âºÍÄܵ¼µçµÄ½üËÆÓÚÔ²ÖùÐεÄÆøÌ壬³ÆΪµç»¡¡£µç»¡ÊÇÒ»ÖÖÆøÌå·ÅµçµÄÌØÊâÐÎʽ£¬ÆøÌå·ÅµçµÄÐÎʽºÜ¶à£¬ÓеçÔηŵ硢»Ô¹â·Åµç¡¢»ð»¨·ÅµçºÍ»¡¹â·ÅµçµÈ¡£

µ±¿ª¹ØµçÆ÷µÄ´¥Í·¼ä·¢Éúµç»¡Ê±£¬ËüÉÕËð´¥Í·²¢Î£¼°¾øÔµ£¬ÔÚ×îÑÏÖØÇé¿öÏÂÉõÖÁ¿ÉÄÜÒýÆðÏà¼ä¶Ì·£¬»òʹ¿ª¹ØµçÆ÷±¬Õ¨£¬ÐγɻðÔÖ£¬Ó°ÏìµçÁ¦ÏµÍ³°²È«ÔËÐС£Òò´Ë£¬ÔÚµçÆ÷ѧÖÐÑо¿µç»¡µÄÄ¿µÄ£¬Ö÷Òª²àÖØÓÚÕÆÎյ绡²úÉúÓëϨÃðµÄ¹æÂÉ£¬Ì½Ë÷²ÉÈ¡Êʵ±´ëÊ©ÒÔϨÃðµç»¡¡£µç»¡·¢ÏÖÓÚ19ÊÀ¼Í³õÆÚ£¬ÄÇʱÈËÃÇ»¹Ö»¶®µÃ½«µç»¡À­³¤ÒÔ±ãϨÃð¡£½üÊýÊ®ÄêÀ´£¬¶Ôµç»¡µÄÑо¿·¢Õ¹½Ï¿ì£¬µç»¡µÄÊýѧģÐÍÈÕÒæÊܵ½ÖØÊÓ£¬ÀûÓõç×Ó¼ÆËã»ú¿ÉÒÔ¼ÆËãµç»¡µÄ¶¯Ì¬¹ý³Ì¼°ÓйزÎÊý¡£µ«ÓÉÓڵ绡¹ý³ÌµÄ¸´ÔÓÐÔ£¬ÒªÕýÈ·µØÉè¼ÆÃð»¡ÊÒ£¬»¹±ØÐë½øÐдóÁ¿µÄ¿ÆѧʵÑéÒÔ¼°´ÓÉú²úʵ¼ùÖ⻶Ï×ܽáÌá¸ß¡£

3.2 Ãð»¡Ô­ÀíµÄÑо¿ ˹ÁбöÀíÂÛ£º

ÔÚ½»Á÷½Ó´¥Æ÷Öд¥Í·¸Õ·Ö¿ªÊ±ÔÚÆø϶¼äÐγɸߵ糡³¡½«µç×Ó´ÓÒõ¼«±íÃæÀ­³ö£¬µ¼ÖÂÆøÌåÓÎÀ룬´Ó¶ø²úÉúµç»¡¡£

ÓÉÓÚ±¾´ÎÉè¼ÆµÄÊǽ»Á÷½Ó´¥Æ÷£¬Òò´ËŪÇå½»Á÷µç»¡µÄϨ»¡ÀíÂÛ¾ßÓÐÖØÒªÒâÒ塣˹ÁбöÌá³ö»¡Ï¶½éÖÊÇ¿¶È»Ö¸´ÀíÂÛ£¬¼´ÔÚµçÁ÷¹ýÁãʱ¿Ì¿ªÊ¼£¬Ò»·½Ã满϶Éϵĵçѹ´ÓϨ»¡µçѹ¿ªÊ¼ÉÏÉý£¬Òª»Ö¸´µ½µçÔ´µçѹ£»ÁíÒ»·½ÃæÔÚµçÁ÷¹ýÁãʱ»¡Ï¶ÓÐÒ»¶¨µÄ½éÖÊÇ¿¶È£¬²¢Ëæ×ÅÈ¥ÓÎÀë³Ì¶È¶ø²»¶ÏÉÏÉý¡£µç»¡µÄϨÃð»òÖØȼ¾Í¾ö¶¨ÓÚÕâÁ½¹ý³ÌµÄ¡°¾ºÈü¡±½á¹û¡£Òò´Ë£¬½»Á÷µç»¡Ï¨ÃðÌõ¼þΪ£ºÔÚ½»Á÷µçÁ÷¹ýÁãºó£¬»¡Ï¶ÖеÄʵ¼Ê½éÖʻָ´Ç¿¶ÈÌØÐÔ×ÜÊǸßÓÚ¼Óµ½»¡Ï¶ÉϵÄʵ¼Ê»Ö¸´µçѹÌØÐÔ¡£

3.3 ³£ÓõÄÃð»¡×°ÖÃ

³£ÓõÄÃð»¡×°ÖÃÓУº(1)¾øÔµ²ÄÁÏÃð»¡ÕÖ£»ÀûÓûØ·µÄµç¶¯Á¦À­³¤µç»¡£¬Ê¹

[

13

Ö®ÓëÌÕÍÁÃð»¡ÕÖ»òËÜÁÏÃð»¡ÕÖ½Ó´¥£¬µç»¡±»À­³¤ºÍÀäȴϨÃð¡£½»Á÷½Ó´¥Æ÷Ò²¿ÉÒÔÀûÓýüÒõ¼«Ð§Ó¦Ï¨»¡¡£ÕâÊÇÒ»ÖÖ×î¼òµ¥µÄÃð»¡×°Öã¬ÊÊÓÃÓÚÈÝÁ¿½ÏСµÄ½»Á÷½Ó´¥Æ÷£¬²Ù×÷ƵÂÊ¿ÉÒԱȽϸߡ£

(2)¶à×Ý·êÃð»¡ÊÒ£»µç»¡Ôڻطµç¶¯Á¦×÷ÓÃϱ»Ñ¸ËÙÀ­³¤ºÍ½øÈë×Ý·êÖУ¬µç»¡±»·Ö³É¶àÌõϸ»¡£¬²¢ÇÒѸËÙÀäÈ´¶øϨÃð£¬ÓÃÓÚ²Ù×÷ƵÂʱȽϸߺͶµçÁ÷½Ï´óµÄ½Ó´¥Æ÷ÖУ¬Ãð»¡ÄÜÁ¦±È½ÏÇ¿¡£

(3)դƬÃð»¡ÊÒ£»µç»¡Ôڻطµç¶¯Á¦¼°ÌúդƬµÄÎüÁ¦×÷ÓÃÏ£¬½øÈëդƬ֮¼ä£¬±»Õ¤Æ¬·Ö¸î³É¶à¸ö´®ÁªµÄ¶Ì»¡£¬ÓÉÓÚÖ±Á÷µç»¡µÄ½ü¼«Ñ¹½µ»ò½»Á÷µç»¡µÄ½üÒõ¼«Ð§Ó¦¶øϨÃðµç»¡¡£ÕâÖÖÃð»¡ÊÒÅ绡¾àÀëС£¬¹ýµçѹµÍ£¬³£ÓÃÓÚ½»Á÷½Ó´¥Æ÷£¬ÓÈÆäÊÊÓÃÓڽϸ߹¤×÷µçѹµÄ½»Á÷½Ó´¥Æ÷£¬ÀýÈçCJ20¡ª160/11¼°CJ20¡ª630/11£¨¶î¶¨¹¤×÷µçѹΪ1140V£©½Ó´¥Æ÷¾Í²ÉÓÃÕâÖÖÃð»¡ÊÒ¡£µ«ÊÇ£¬Õ¤Æ¬ÎüÊյ绡ÄÜÁ¿ºóζÈÉÏÉýºÜ¿ì£¬²»ÊʺÏÓÚÌ«¸ßµÄ²Ù×÷ƵÂÊ¡£

(4)´®Áª´Å´µºÍ¾øÔµ²ÄÁÏÃð»¡ÊÒ£»´®Áª´Å´µÏßȦÔÚ»¡Çø²úÉú½ÏÇ¿µÄ´Å³¡£¬µç»¡Ôڴų¡ÖÐÊܵ½½ÏÇ¿µÄµç¶¯Á¦×÷Ó㬶ø±»À­³¤ºÍѸËÙ½øÈë¾øÔµÃð»¡ÊÒÖУ¬±»Ãð»¡ÊÒ±ÚÀäÈ´¶øϨÃð¡£Ãð»¡ÊÒÓÉÌÕÍÁ»òÄÍ»¡ËÜÁÏÖƳɣ¬Óжà×Ý·ì¡¢ºá¸ô°å¡¢Õ­·ìºÍÃÔ¹¬Ê½µÈ¶àÖֽṹ¡£ÕâÖÖÃð»¡ÊÒµÄÈÈÁ¿Ò×ÓÚÉ¢³ö£¬Ãð»¡ÊÒµÄÄÍÈÈÐԺ㬹ʿÉÒÔÓÃÓڽϸߵIJÙ×÷ƵÂÊ£¬Ö±Á÷½Ó´¥Æ÷³£ÓÃÕâÖÖÃð»¡×°Öᣵ«ÊÇ£¬ËüµÄÅ绡¾àÀë´ó£¬Éù¹âЧӦ´ó£¬¹ýµçѹ½Ï¸ßºÍÓÃÍ­Á¿´ó£¬´ËÍ⣬ÓÃÓÚ½»Á÷½Ó´¥Æ÷ʱ£¬ÓÉÓÚ´µ»¡ÏßȦµÄÌúÐĺÍÌú¼Ð°å£¨ÌúéÖÐÓÐÌúËðºÄ£¬Ê¹Æä´ÅͨÂäºóÓÚµçÁ÷Ò»¸öÏàλ²î½Ç£¬¶ø²úÉúʹµç»¡·´´µµÄµç¶¯Á¦µÈȱµã¡£Òò¶ø½»Á÷½Ó´¥Æ÷ºÜÉÙ²ÉÓÃÕâÖÖÃð»¡ÊÒ¡£

(5)Õæ¿ÕÃð»¡ÊÒ£»½üÄêÀ´¹úÄÚÒѾ­ÑÐÖƳɹ¦Õæ¿Õ¡¢½Ó´¥Æ÷¡£ÆäÃð»¡×°ÖÃΪÕæ¿ÕÃð»¡ÊÒ¡£µ±½»Á÷µç»¡µçÁ÷¹ýÁãʱ£¬ÓÎÀëÆøÌåÒÔ¼«¿ìµÄËÙ¶ÈÏò»¡ÇøÒÔÍâÀ©É¢£¬»¡Ï¶½éÖʻָ´Ç¿¶ÈѸËÙÉÏÉý£¬´Ó¶øʹµç»¡Ï¨Ãð¡£ÕâÖÖÃð»¡ÊÒµÄÓŵãÊǾßÓкÜÇ¿µÄϨÃð½»Á÷µç»¡µÄÄÜÁ¦¡£Ãð»¡ÊÒÃܷ⣬µç»¡¼°ÓÎÀëÆøÌå²»ÄÜÒݳö£¬Ê¹Óð²È«¡£¶øÇÒ£¬´¥Í·µçÄ¥ËðС£¬µãÊÙÃü¸ß£¬µ«ÊǼ۸ñ±È½Ï¸ß¡£

3.4 Ñ¡ÔñÖ÷´¥Í·Ãð»¡ÏµÍ³µÄ½á¹¹ÐÎʽ¼°³ß´ç

¸ù¾Ý±¾´ÎÉè¼ÆÒªÇó£¬ÎªÁËÃð»¡ÏµÍ³µÄ²ð×°·½±ã£¬×ۺϿ¼ÂÇÒÔÉϼ¸ÖÖÃð»¡ÊÒµÄÌص㣬ѡÔñդƬ×Ý·ìÃð»¡ÊÒ¡£Ëü¿ÉÒÔ¼õÉٵ绡µçÁ÷µÄ·ùÖµ£¬²¢¿ÉÒÔ¼õÉÙƽ¾ùµçѹµÄ»Ö¸´ËÙÂÊ£¬±ÜÃâÁ˹ýµçѹ£¬Ã𻡵Ä×ÛºÏÐÔÄÜÓÅÁ¼¡£ ²Î¿¼Í¬Àà²úÆ·£¬²ÉÓ÷ìÊýΪ4£¬·ì¿í3mm

14

ÑéËãÖ÷´¥Í·Ãð»¡ÏµÍ³ÐÔÄÜ£º

ÔÚ²»´óÓÚ0.1sʱ¼äÄÚ¿É¿¿Ã𻡠²ÉÓöà¶Ï¿ÚÃ𻡠(1)½Ó´¥Æ÷µÄ·Ö¶ÏÌõ¼þΪ£º

I=8¡ÁIe=800A; U=1.1Ue=1.1¡Á380=418V; cos¦µo=0.35¡£

·Ö¶Ï»Ø·µÄ¹ÌÓÐÕñµ´ÆµÂʼÆË㹫ʽ£ºfo=2000¡ÁI0.2¡ÁUe-0.8 =2000¡Á8000.2¡Á380-0.8=65.6kHz

(2)¶ÔÓÚÈýÏàÏß·µÄ»Ø·ϵÊýÈ¡ Khv=1.5 (3)·Ö¶Ï»Ø·µÄµç¸Ð°´ÏÂʽ¼ÆËã

X=¦ØL=Zsin¦µ (3-1)

=

U?1?cos2?0I??

418?1?0.3522 =

800?314 =0.00156H

(4)ϵÊýKHµÄ¼ÆË㹫ʽ£º

KH=0.9?Khv?1?cos?0 (3-2) =0.9?1.5?1?0.35 =1.088

(5)»¡Ô˶¯ËٶȼÆË㹫ʽ:

Vh¡Ö2.12ih??1/2 (3-3)

¡Ö2.12¡Á800¡Á0.5-1/2 ¡Ö2398.5cm/s

(6)µç»¡³¤¶È¼ÆË㹫ʽ:

È¡´¥Í··Ö¿ªËÙ¶È80cm/s£¨¸ù¾ÝͬÀàÐͲúƷͳ¼ÆÊý¾Ý£©£¬Ï¨Ãðʱ¼äΪ°ë¸ö²¨t=0.01s

lh0¡Öt?Vc?9Vh (3-4)

=0.01?802?9?2398.52 =71.96cm

£¨7£©×Ý·ìÃð»¡ÊÒÖн»Á÷µç»¡µÄµÈÖµµç×è¼ÆË㹫ʽ£º

14200 Rh¡Ö0.015s+2 (3-5)

I14200 =0.015s? 2800

15

22 =0.0372£¨¦¸/cm£©

(8)µ±»Ö¸´µçѹΪ·ÇÖÜÆÚ¹ý³Ìʱ£¬µçÆ÷±ØÐëµÄ·Ö¶Ï¶Ï¿ÚÊýndu¼ÆË㹫ʽ£º ÆäÖеçԴƵÂÊ50Hzʱ£¬Òø´¥Í·µÄÐÞÕýϵÊý¦Âc=2,²é×ÊÁϵÃϵÊýM0=200¡Á10-6H/usÈ¡Ujf0=80V;Kjf=1.6

?c?KjfL?(1?lnKNU? ndv=

KNUM0)?c?KjfL (3-6)

Ujf0M0?0.34KNlhRh0I1.088?418?8?10?62?1.6?0.00156?(1?ln)2?1.6?0.001561.088?418??6200?10=

80?0.34?1.088?71.96?0.09?800=0.22

ÇÅʽ´¥Í·ÎªË«¶Ïµã£¬ndv =2£¬Ô¶´óÓÚÒªÇó£¬ËùÒÔÄÜ¿É¿¿Ï¨»¡¡£

£¨9£©¼ì²é»Ö¸´µçѹÕñµ´¹ý³Ìת±äΪ·ÇÖÜÆÚ¹ý³ÌµÄÌõ¼þ£¬ÆäÅжϹ«Ê½ÈçÏÂ:

M0ndv?106 f0¡Ý (3-7)

3.14L8?10?6?2?106 65600¡Ý=2054.54Hz

3.14?0.00156Âú×ãÉÏÊöÌõ¼þ£¬Òò¶ø»Ö¸´µçѹΪ·ÇÖÜÆÚ¹ý³Ì¡£

3.5 ¸¨Öú´¥Í·ÏµÍ³Ã𻡷½·¨

ÓÉÓÚ¸¨Öú´¥Í·¿ª¶ÏµçÁ÷С£¬²»Ðè¼ÓÌØÊâµÄÃð»¡×°Öã¬Ö±½ÓÀûÓÃË«¶Ïµã´¥Í·

Ã𻡡£

16

µÚ4Õ µç´ÅϵͳÉè¼Æ

4.1 ¸ÅÊö

µç´ÅϵͳÊÇÓÉ´ÅϵͳºÍÏßȦ×é³É£¬ÓÃÒÔ½øÐеç´Åת»»µÄµçÆ÷×é¼þ»ò²¿¼þ¡£µçÆ÷µÄµç´ÅϵͳÖ÷ÒªÊǽèÏßȦ¼¤´Åʹ´Åϵͳ´Å»¯£¬²úÉúµç´ÅÎüÁ¦ÎüÒýÏÎÌú£¬Ê¹Ö®Ô˶¯×÷»úе¹¦£¬´Ó¶ø´ïµ½Ä³Ð©Ô¤¶¨Ä¿µÄ¡£Í¨¹ýÏßȦ´ÓµçÔ´ÎüÈ¡ÄÜÁ¿£¬²¢½èÏÎÌúµÄÔ˶¯Êä³ö»úе¹¦£¬Êǵç´Åϵͳ½øÐÐÄÜÁ¿×ª»»µÄÒ»¸ö·½Ã棬ͨ¹ýÏßȦÊäÈëµç´ÅÐźţ¬²¢½èÏÎÌúµÄ»úеÔ˶¯Êä³öÖ¸ÁÊǵç´ÅϵͳʵÐпØÖÆ×÷ÓõÄÓÖÒ»¸ö·½Ãæ¡£

µç´ÅϵͳµÄÓÃ;·Ç³£¹ã·º:Ëü¼È¿ÉÒÔµ¥¶À³ÉΪһÀàµçÆ÷£¬ÖîÈçÓÃ×÷Ç£Òýµç´ÅÌú¡¢Öƶ¯µç´ÅÌú¡¢ÆðÖصç´ÅÌúºÍµç´ÅÀëºÏÆ÷¼°µç´ÅÎüÅ̵ȣ»ËüÒà¿É×÷ΪµçÆ÷µÄ×é¼þ»ò²¿¼þ£¬ÀýÈçÓÃ×÷µç´Å½Ó´¥Æ÷¡¢µç´Åʽ¼ÌµçÆ÷¡¢µç´ÅʽÍÑ¿ÛÆ÷µÈµÄ¸Ð²â²¿¼þ£¬ÒÔ¼°µç´Å²Ù×÷»ú¹¹µÄÖ´Ðв¿¼þ¡£´ËÍ⣬´Ó¹ãÒåµÄ½Ç¶ÈÀ´¿´£¬µç´Å´«¸ÐÆ÷¡¢µç´ÅÎÈѹÆ÷ÄËÖÁ´Å·Å´óÆ÷µÈ£¬Ò²¿ÉÊÓΪµç´Åϵͳ¡£ÓÉ´Ë£¬Éè¼Æ֮ǰÐèÒªÁ˽âµç´ÅϵͳµÄÖÖÀà¡¢µäÐͽṹºÍ»ù±¾ÌØÐÔ£º

4.2 µç´ÅϵͳµÄÖÖÀàºÍµäÐͽṹÐÎʽ

µç´ÅϵͳÖÖÀàºÜ¶à¡£°´ÏßȦ¼¤´ÅµçÁ÷µÄÖÖÀàÇø·ÖÓÐÖ±Á÷µç´Åϵͳ¡¢µ¥ÏཻÁ÷µç´Åϵͳ¡¢ÈýÏཻÁ÷µç´Åϵͳ¡¢¼«»¯µç´ÅϵͳÒÔ¼°½»Ö±Á÷ͬʱ´Å»¯µÄµç´Åϵͳ¡£°´ÏßȦµÄÁ¬½Ó·½Ê½Çø·ÖÓв¢¼¤µç´ÅϵͳºÍ´®¼¤µç´Åϵͳ¡£°´ÏÎÌúÓëÏßȦµÄÏà¶ÔλÖÃÇø·ÖÓÐÏÎÌú´©ÈëÏßȦÄÚÇ»µÄÄÚÏÎÌúʽµç´ÅϵͳºÍÏÎÌúÔÚÏßȦÍâÔ˶¯µÄÍâÏÎÌúʽµç´Åϵͳ¡£°´Íâ¹ÛÐÎ×´Çø·ÖÓÐEÐεç´Åϵͳ¡¢ÂݹÜʽµç´ÅϵͳºÍÅĺÏʽµç´ÅϵͳµÈ¡£

µç´ÅϵͳµÄ½á¹¹´ÓÏÎÌúÔ˶¯·½Ê½Çø·ÖÓÐÖ±¶¯Ê½ºÍת¶¯Ê½½á¹¹¡£×ÜÖ®£¬µç´ÅϵͳµÄ½á¹¹ÐÎʽºÜ¶à£¬ÇÒ²»Í¬ÐÎʽµÄ¾ßÓв»Í¬µÄÌØÐÔ¡£ËùÒÔÔÚÉè¼ÆʱҪ¸ù¾Ý¾ßÌåµçÆ÷µÄ·´Á¦ÌØÐÔ¼°¶ÔÎüÁ¦ÌØÐÔÓë·´Á¦ÌØÐÔÅäºÏµÄÒªÇó£¬È·¶¨µç´ÅϵͳµÄ½á¹¹ÐÎʽ¡£

4.3 µç´ÅϵͳµÄ»ù±¾ÌØÐÔ

µç´ÅϵͳµÄ»ù±¾ÌØÐÔ°üÀ¨ÎüÁ¦ÌØÐÔ¡¢·´Á¦ÌØÐÔ¡¢ÊäÈë-Êä³öÌØÕ÷¼°Ê±¼äÌØÐÔ£¬

17

ÏÂÃæ¾Í̸̸ÎüÁ¦ÌØÐԺͷ´Á¦ÌØÐÔ¡£

µç´Åϵͳ¼ÈÈ»ÊÇÒ»ÖÖÒÀ¿¿µç´ÅÎüÁ¦Ê¹ÏÎÌú²úÉú»úеλÒƶøÊä³ö»úе¹¦µÄµç¹¤×°Öã¬Çý¶¯ÏÎÌúÔ˶¯µÄµç´ÅÎüÁ¦FxºÍÏÎÌúµÄ»úеÐг̦Ä×ÔÈ»¾ÍÊÇËüµÄ»ù±¾²ÎÊý£¬ÕâÁ½¸ö²ÎÊýÔÚÒ»¶¨Ìõ¼þϳÊÏֵĹØϵFf=f£¨¦Ä£©Ò²¾Í³ÉÁ˵ç´ÅϵͳµÄ»ù±¾ÌØÕ÷¡£Õâ¸öÌØÕ÷±íÕ÷Á˵ç´Åϵͳ´ø¶¯¸ºÔصÄÎüÒýÄÜÁ¦£¬ËùÒÔÏ°¹ßÉϱ»³ÆΪÎüÁ¦ÌØÐÔ¡£ÉÏÃæÊǶÔÖ±¶¯Ê½µç´Åϵͳ¶øÑÔ£¬Èç¹ûÊÇת¶¯Ê½µç´Åϵͳ£¬ÎüÁ¦ÌØÐÔ¾ÍÒÔM=f(a)±íʾ£¬ËüÊÇÏÎÌúÊܵ½µÄµç´Åת¾ØÓëÏÎÌú½ÇλÒÆÖ®¼äµÄ¹Øϵ¡£

µç´ÅϵͳµÄÏÎÌúÔÚÔ˶¯¹ý³ÌÖÐÒª¿Ë·þ»úе¸ºÔصÄ×÷ÓÃÁ¦×ö¹¦¡£¿ÉÒÔ˵£¬µç´ÅϵͳµÄÖ÷ÒªÈÎÎñ¾ÍÊÇ¿Ë·þÕâÖÖ·´×÷ÓÃÁ¦¡£Òò´Ë£¬»úе¸ºÔØÐÔÖʵķ´×÷ÓÃÁ¦FfÓëÏÎÌúÐг̦ÄÖ®¼äµÄ¹ØϵFf=¦Ä¡ª·´Á¦ÌØÐÔ£¬ÓëÎüÁ¦ÌØÐÔʵÖÊÉÏÊÇì¶ÜµÄͳһ¡£¸üºÎ¿ö¶ÔÒ»°ãµÄµç´ÅϵͳÀ´Ëµ£¬ÏÎÌúµÄÎüºÏÖ÷Òª¿¿µç´ÅÎüÁ¦£¬ÆäÊͷź͸´ºÏÔòÖ÷Òª¿¿·´×÷ÓÃÁ¦¡£Òò´Ë£¬½«·´Á¦ÌØÐÔ×÷Ϊµç´ÅϵͳµÄ»ù±¾ÌØÐÔÀ´´¦Àí£¬¼ÈÓбØÒª£¬Ò²ºÜÇ¡µ±¡£

ΪÁ˱£Ö¤µç´ÅϵͳÄÜ¿É¿¿µØ¹¤×÷£¬ÔÚÏÎÌúµÄÎüºÏ¹ý³ÌÖУ¬ÔÚ¶¯×÷µçÁ÷»òµçѹϵÄÎüÁ¦ÌØÐÔͨ³£Ó¦¸ßÓÚ·´Á¦ÌØÐÔ£»·´Ö®£¬ÔÚÏÎÌúµÄÊͷŹý³ÌÖУ¬·´Á¦ÌØÐÔÓ¦¸ßÓÚÔÚÊͷŵçÁ÷»òµçѹϵÄÎüÁ¦ÌØÐÔ,»òÁãµçÁ÷¼°ÁãµçѹÏÂÊ£´Å²úÉúµÄÎüÁ¦ÌØÐÔ¡£

4.4 µç´ÅϵͳÉè¼Æ

¼ÆËãµç´Åϵͳ·´Á¦£º

(1)°´Ö÷´¥Í·²ÎÊýÈ·¶¨ÏÎÌúÊÍ·ÅλÖõŤ×÷Æø϶ֵ£¨ÏÎÌúÐг̣©¡£ Ö÷´¥Í·ÏµÍ³ ¿ª¾àΪ£º¦Â1=7mm; ³¬³ÌΪ£º¦Ã1=3mm ÔòÖ÷´¥Í·ÐгÌΪ£º¦Â1+¦Ã1=7+3=10mm ¼´ÏÎÌúÐгÌΪ£º ¦Ä=10mm

(2)È·¶¨ÏÎÌúÊÍ·ÅλÖõijõʼ·´Á¦¼°Êͷŵ¯»ÉÁ¦¡£

È·¶¨³õʼ·´Á¦£¨°´ÏÎÌúÊÍ·ÅÖÕÁËʱ£¬ÏÎÌúÓëÍ£µ²ÏàÅöײµÄµ¯»Ø¾àÀ룬ӦСÓÚ½Ó´¥Æ÷³£±Õ¸¨Öú´¥Í·µÄ³¬³Ì£¨Ä¥Ëðºó£©£¬À´È·¶¨³õʼ·´Á¦¡£

Ö÷´¥Í·µ¯»É³õѹÁ¦¶¨Îª16N,ÖÕѹÁ¦Îª20N,³¬³ÌΪ¦Äch =3mm£¬Èý¶ÔÖ÷´¥Í· ³õѹÁ¦²úÉúµÄ·´Á¦£º Ffcc=3¡Á16N=48N, ÖÕѹÁ¦²úÉúµÄ·´Á¦£º Ffzc=3¡Á20N=60N

È·¶¨¸¨Öú´¥Í·µÄ³¬³ÌΪ£º2mm,³õѹÁ¦Îª£º1.1¡Á2=2.2N, ÖÕѹÁ¦Îª£º F=1.32¡Á2=2.64N

18

¹ÊFfcb=2¡Á2.2=4.4N Ffcb=2 ¡Á2.64=5.28N

¿¼Âdz£±Õ¸¨Öú´¥Í·Ä¥ËðΪ0.74mm¼Æ¼°Ò»¶¨Ô£¶È£¬È¡ÔÊÐíµ¯»Ø¾àÀë ¦Äy=0.6mm,È¡µ¯ÐÔ»Ö¸´ÏµÊýe=0.14,³õʼ·´Á¦¼ÆË㹫ʽÈçÏ£º

e2[(Ffcc?Ffzc)? Ffcb=

?ch??Ffzh?]2?y?y (4-1)

?1?e2??y310?5.28?]2?0.60.6

101?0.142?0.60.142?[(48?60)?=

=13.8N Êͷŵ¯»ÉÁ¦£º

(a)ÊÍ·ÅλÖõ¯»ÉÁ¦=³õʼ·´Á¦+³£±Õ´¥Í·ÖÕѹÁ¦

Ffcs=FCS + Ffzb=13.8+5.28=19.08N £¨4-2£©

(b)ÎüºÏλÖõĵ¯»ÉÁ¦£º²Î¿¼ÏÖÓвúÆ·£¬È¡Êͷŵ¯»É¸Ö¶ÈC=0.5N/mm

FfxFfcs+c¡Á¦Ä=19.08+0.5¡Á10=24.08N £¨4-3£©

(3)°´Ö÷´¥Í·²ÎÊý¼°ÏÎÌúÊÍ·ÅλÖõŤ×÷Æø϶ֵºÍ³õʼ·´Á¦µÈÊý¾Ý×ö·´Á¦ ÌØÐÔ ÇúÏß[Fff£¨Ff=f£¨Ff=f£¨¦Ä£©£©]ÈçÏÂ;

ÎüºÏλÖõç´ÅÌú·´Á¦:Fb=Ffx+ Ffzb=24.08+60=84.08N ÊÍ·ÅλÖõç´ÅÌú·´Á¦:Ff=Ffzs=19.08N

ͼ4-1 ·´Á¦ÌØÐÔÇúÏß FfΪ·´Á¦ÌØÐÔ; Ff1ΪÊͷŵ¯»É·´Á¦ÌØÐÔ; Ff2ΪÖ÷´¥Í·µ¯»É·´Á¦ÌØÐÔ; Ff3ΪÏÎÌúµÈÔ˶¯²¿·ÖµÄÖØÁ¦

4.5 µç´ÅϵͳµÄ½á¹¹ÐÎʽµÄÈ·¶¨

19

µç´Åϵͳ½á¹¹ÐÎʽºÜ¶à£¬¿É°´²»Í¬·½Ê½À´·ÖÀà¡£°´´ÅϵͳÐÍʽ¿É·ÖΪUÐÍ¡¢EÐÍ¡¢ÅÌʽºÍÂݹÜʽµÈ¡£°´ÏÎÌúÔ˶¯·½Ê½·ÖΪÐýתʽºÍÖ±¶¯Ê½¡£µÈµÈ¡£½»Á÷µç´ÅϵͳµÄ½á¹¹ÐÍʽ£¬¶ÔÓÚСÈÝÁ¿¶à²ÉÓÃÖ±¶¯Ê½£¬Ö±¶¯Ê½µç´Åϵͳ ³£ÓõĿɷÖΪÁùÀ࣬·Ö±ðΪ£ºµ¥UÐÍ¡¢Ë«UÐÍ¡¢µ¥EÐÍ¡¢Ë«EÐÍ¡¢TÐÍ¡¢ÂݹÜʽ¡£´ÓÀíÂÛÉϽ²£¬µ¥UÐͱÈË«EÐ͵ÄÎüÁ¦ÌØÐÔ¶¸ÇÍ£¬Óë·´Á¦ÌØÐÔµÄÅäºÏµ¥UÐͺÃЩ£¬±¾´Î½Ó´¥Æ÷Éè¼ÆÒªÇóÈÝÁ¿²»´ó£¬¿¼ÂǽṹÁ¦Çó¼òµ¥¾­¼ÃÐԺõÈÒòËØ£¬Ñ¡Ôñµ¥UÐÍÖ±¶¯Ê½µç´ÅÌú¡£ Ñ¡Ôñ½»Á÷µç´ÅÌú½á¹¹ÐÎʽ£¬Òª°´ÎüÁ¦ÌØÐÔÓë·´Á¦ÌØÐÔµÄÅäºÏ¹ØϵÀ´Ñ¡Ôñ½á¹¹ÐÎʽ£¬´ËÍ⣬ֱ¶¯Ê½µç´ÅÌú¾ßÓй¤ÒÕ¼òµ¥µÄÓŵ㣬ת¶¯Ê½µç´ÅÌú¾ßÓиܸ˱ȣ¨µç´ÅÎüÁ¦Á¦±ÛÓë·´Á¦Á¦±ÛÖ®±È£©¿Éµ÷µÄÓŵ㣬װ¼×ÂݹÜʽÊÊÓÃÓÚ¿¨Ðг̣¬UÐκÍEÐÎÖ±¶¯Ê½ÔòÊÊÓÃÓڽ϶ÌÐг̣¬µ±·´Á¦ÌØÐÔ½Ïƽ̹ÇÒÏÎÌú´ò¿ªÎ»Öõķ´Á¦½Ï´óʱ£¬ÔòӦѡÓÃË«UÐλòË«EÐλò×°¼×ÂݹÜÐΡ£ (1)UÐ͵ç´ÅÌú£º

Óŵ㣺ȥ´ÅÆø϶ÉèÔÚ¾²ÌúÐĵײ¿£¬²»Êܼ«ÃæÄ¥ËðÓ°Ï죬ʹÓÃÊÙÃü½Ï³¤£¬Ìå»ýС²ÄÁÏÀûÓÃÂʸߡ£

ȱµã£ºÏßȦ¹Ì¶¨²»·½±ã£¬È¥´Å¿É¿¿ÐԽϲ (2)EÐ͵ç´ÅÌú£º

Óŵ㣺ÏßȦ°²×°ÔÚÖÐÖùÉÏ£¬ÓÐÀûÓڹ̶¨ºÍ±£»¤ÏßȦ£¬È¥´ÅÆø϶ÔÚÖÐÖùÉÏ£¬È¥´Å¿É¿¿¡£

ȱµã£ºÈ¥´ÅÆø϶Êܼ«ÃæÓ°Ï죬ʹÓÃÊÙÃü²»Ò×Ìá¸ß£¬ÅöײӦÁ¦½Ï´ó£¬²»ÀûÓÚ»úеÊÙÃüÌá¸ß¡£

(3)¡°Ë«¡±£¨U»òE£©Ð͵ç´ÅÌú£º

ÓÉÓÚÓи½¼ÓÂݹÜÁ¦£¬ËùÒÔ´ÅÌú³õʼÎüÁ¦½Ï´ó£¬ÇÒÎüÁ¦ÌØÐÔ½Ïƽ̹¡£ (4)¡°µ¥¡±£¨U»òE£©Ð͵ç´ÅÌú£º ÎÞ¸½¼ÓÂݹܣ¬¹ÊÎüÁ¦ÌØÐԱȽ϶¸ÇÍ¡£

·ÖÎö£ºÓÉÇ°ËùÉè¼ÆÖлæÖÆ·´Á¦ÌØÐÔÇúÏ߽϶¸ÇÍ£¬¹ÊÔÚ±¾Éè¼ÆÖвÉÓõ¥£¨U»òE£©Ð͵ç´ÅÌú£¬ÔÙÓÉÒÔÉϱȽϣ¬UÐ͸üÀûÓÚÊÙÃüÌá¸ß£¬¶øEÐÍ»áÒò¼«ÃæÄ¥ËðÈ¥´ÅÆø϶²»¶Ï¼õС¶øÓ°Ï죬µç´ÅÌúµÄÊÙÃü¡£µ«UÐ͹̶¨²»·½±ã£¬¹Ê²ÉÓÃÁ½¸ödz´®Áª²¢¹Ì¶¨³ÉÒ»ÕûÌåʽ¡£EÐͿɲÉÓÃÔÚÖÐÖùµ×²¿Ôö¼ÓÒ»¸ö·Ç´ÅÐÔµæƬ£¬²úÉú¹Ì¶¨È¥´ÅÆø϶£¬´Ó¶øʹÊÙÃü²»Êܼ«ÃæÄ¥ËðÓ°Ï죬µ¥U»òµ¥EÐͶ¼ÊÊÓÚÎüÁ¦ÌØÐԽ϶¸Ç͵ÄÇé¿ö£¬ÔÚ±¾Éè¼ÆÖÐͨ¹ý¼ÆËã»úÓÅ»¯Éè¼Æ£¬±È½Ïµ¥U¼°µ¥EÐ͵ç´ÅÌú£¬¿¼Âǵ½±¾´Î½Ó´¥Æ÷Éè¼ÆÒªÇóÈÝÁ¿²»´ó£¬½á¹¹Á¦Çó¼òµ¥¾­¼ÃÐԺõÈÒòËØ£¬Ñ¡Ôñµ¥UÐÍÖ±¶¯Ê½µç´ÅÌú¡£

20

4.6 µç´ÅÌúµÄÉè¼ÆºÍ¼ÆËã

Ö÷Òª¼¼Êõ²ÎÊý: Ö÷´¥Í·²ÎÊý: (1)¿ª¾à ¦Â1=7mm (2)³¬³Ì ¦Ã1=3mm (3)³õѹÁ¦ F01=8N (4)ÖÕѹÁ¦ Fz1=10N (5)´¥Í·Êý n1=6 ¸¨Öú´¥Í·²ÎÊý: (1)¿ª¾à ¦Â2=4mm (2)³¬³Ì ¦Ã2=2mm (3)³õѹÁ¦ F02=1.1N (4)ÖÕѹÁ¦ Fz2=1.32N

(5)´¥Í·Êý ³£±Õ´¥Í·n2=4 ;³£¿ª´¥Í·n3=4 Êͷŵ¯»É²ÎÊý:

(1)³õʼµ¯»ÉÁ¦ Fs0= Ffcs=19.08N (2)µ¯»É¸Ö¶È 0.5N/mm ÏßȦµçѹ¼°ÔÊÐíµçѹ²¨¶¯·¶Î§: (1)ÏßȦ¶î¶¨µçѹ UN=220v (2)µçѹÔÊÐí²¨¶¯·¶Î§ 0.85*UN=187v ÏßȦÄÍÈȵȼ¶ºÍÔÊÐíÎÂÉý: (1)ÄÍÈȵȼ¶ B¼¶ (2)ÔÊÐíÎÂÉý 70oC ¹¤×÷ÖÆÐÎʽ£º³¤ÆÚ¹¤×÷ÖÆ

4.7 ½»Á÷µç´ÅÌú·´Á¦ÌØÐÔ¼ÆËã

µç´ÅÌú¹¤×÷Æø϶ֵ¼ÆË㣻

(1)ÏÎÌúÊÍ·ÅλÖà ¦Äa=¦Â1+¦Ã1=3+7=10mm (2)³£±Õ¸¨Öú´¥Í·¸Õ·Ö¿ªÎ»Öà ¦Äb=¦Äa-¦Ã2=10-2=8mm (3)³£¿ªÖ÷´¥Í·¸Õ½Ó´¥Î»Öà ¦Äc=¦Ã1=3mm

(4)³£¿ª¸¨Öú´¥Í·¸Õ½Ó´¥Î»Öà ¦Äd=¦Ã2=2mm

21

(5)ÏÎÌú±ÕºÏλÖà ¦Äe=0.05(ÐéÉèÖµ)¡£

4.8 µç´ÅÌú¸÷λÖ÷´Á¦¼ÆËã

(1)ÏÎÌúÊÍ·ÅλÖÃ:

Ffd=Fs0-n2Fz2=19.08-4¡Á1.32=14.8N £¨4-4£©

(2)³£±Õ¸¨Öú´¥Í·¸Õ·Ö¿ªÎ»ÖÃ:

a:Ffb2=Fs0+c¡Á(¦Äa-¦Äb)=19.08+0.5¡Á(10-8)=20.08N £¨4-5£©

b:Ffb1=Ffb2-N2F02=20.08-4¡Á1.1=15.68N c:Ffe=Fs0+C¡Á¦Äa +n1¡ÁFz1+4¡ÁFz2 =19.08+0.5¡Á10+6¡Á10+4¡Á1.32 =89.36N

(3)ÏÎÌú±ÕºÏλÖãº

Ff1c= Fs0+C¡Á(¦Äa -¦Äc)=19.08+0.5¡Á(10-3)=22.58N Ff2c= Ffc1+n1F01=22.58+6¡Á8=70.58 (4)³£¿ª¸¨Öú´¥Í·¸Õ±ÕºÏλÖÃ:

F(Ffd1=Fz1?F01)?(?c??d)s0?C?(?a??d)?n1F01?n1??c??e=19.08+0.5¡Á(10-2)+6¡Á8+6¡Á(10?8)?(3?2)3?0.05

=75.15

Ffd2=Ffd1+n3F02=75.15+4¡Á1.1=79.55N (5)Êͷŵ¯»É·´Á¦Ff1

Ff1a=Fs0=19.08N Ff1e=Fs0+C¡Á(¦Äa -¦Äc)=19.08+0.5¡Á(10-3)=22.58N (6)³£±Õ¸¨Öú´¥Í·µÄ·´Á¦Ff2

Ff2a=-n3Fz2=-4¡Á1.32=-5.28N Ff2b=-n3F02=-4¡Á1.1=-4.4N (7)Ö÷´¥Í·µÄ·´Á¦Ff3

Ff3c=n1F01=6¡Á8=48N Ff3e=n1Fz1=6¡Á10=60N (8)³£¿ª¸¨Öú´¥Í··´Á¦Ff4

Ff4d=n2F02=4¡Á1.1=4.4N 22

£¨4-6£© £¨4-7£©

£¨4-8£© £¨4-9£©

4-10£©

4-11£© 4-12£© 4-13£©

4-14£© 4-15£©

4-16£© 4-17£©

4-18£©

£¨£¨£¨£¨£¨£¨£¨£¨£¨Ff4e=n2Fz2=4¡Á1.32=5.28N £¨4-19£©

4.9 ÏÎÌú¸÷λÖ÷´Á¦

Ffa1=Ff1a+Ff2a=19.08-5.28=13.8N £¨4-20£©

Ffb1= Ff1b+Ff2b =15.58-4.4=11.48N £¨4-21£© Ffb2= Ff1b =15.58N £¨4-22£© Ffc1= Ffc=18.08N £¨4-23£© Ffc2= Ff1c+Ff3c =65.58N Ffd1= Ff3d+Ff1d =70.15 Ffd2= Ffd1+Ff1d =74.55N Ffc= Ff1e+Ff3e+Ff4e=19.08+60+5.28=84.36N ¸ù¾ÝÒÔÉϸ÷Öµ»­³ö·´Á¦ÌØÐÔÇúÏߣº

ͼ4-2 ·´Á¦ÌØÐÔÇúÏß

23

£¨4-24£© £¨4-25£© £¨4-26£© £¨4-27£©

4.10 È·¶¨µç´ÅϵͳµÄÉè¼Æµã¼°Éè¼ÆµãÎüÁ¦ºÍ¹¤×÷Æø϶ֵ

Éè¼ÆµãµÄÈ·¶¨ÓëÄⶨ¹¦µÄ´óСÓйء£Äⶨ¹¦ÊÇÖ¸ÎüÁ¦ÌØÐÔÉÏÈÎÒ»µãµÄ¹¤×÷Æø϶?ÓëÎüÁ¦FµÄ³Ë»ý£¬ÊÇÒ»¾ßÓÐÄÜÁ¿Á¿¸ÙµÄÎïÀíÁ¿¡£Äⶨ¹¦×î´ó£¬Òâζ×ŵç´ÅÌúµÄ¾­¼ÃÖØÁ¿m×îС£¬¼´µç´ÅÌúµÄÖØÁ¿×îÇᣬͬʱÆð¶¯Ê±ÓÐЧ¹¦Îª×î´ó¡£:

Ffa1¡Á¦Äa=13.8¡Á10=138 Ffb2¡Á¦Äb=15.58¡Á7=109.06

Ffc2¡Á¦Äc=65.58¡Á3=196.74 Ffd2¡Á¦Äd=74.55¡Á2=149.1 Ffe¡Á¦Äe=84.36¡Á0.05=4.218

È¡F¡Á¦ÄµÄ×î´óÖµ£¬µÃÎüÁ¦ÌØÐÔµÄÉè¼ÆµãÈ¡Ö÷´¥Í·¸Õ½Ó´¥´¦µÄ¿ª¾à¦Ä=3mm,ÎüÁ¦Ff0=65.58N£¬¿¼ÂÇÔ£¶ÈKo=1.2£¬ÔòÉè¼ÆµãµÄµç´ÅÎüÁ¦ÎªKo=KoFo=1.2¡Á65.58=78.696N ¹¤×÷Æø϶ֵ¦Ä=3mm

4.11 ´ÅÌúµÄ³õ²½Éè¼Æ

È·¶¨ÌúÐĵijߴç

£¨1£©È·¶¨ÌúÐĵĽØÃæ»ýSc

ÏßȦµçѹÏÂÏÞʱ¹¤×÷Æø϶´ÅͨÃܶȣº

UBK B¦Äm=1cmN (4-29)

UN?0.85?220?1.3?0.95 =

220?1.35 =0.78

U1----ÏßȦµçѹÏÂÏÞÖµ£¨V£©,Ò»°ãU1=0.85¡ÁUN;

Bcm-----¶î¶¨µçѹʱÌúÐÄ´ÅͨÃܶȣ¬1.1----1.7TÈ¡Bcm =1.3T

KN------ÏßȦ·´µç¶¯ÊÆEÓëUNµÄ±ÈÖµ£¬Éè¼ÆµãÔÚÖ÷´¥Í·¸Õ½Ó´¥Î»Öã¬

0.94--0.99,È¡KN =0.95

¦Æ=(1.1-2)Éè¼Æµã©´ÅϵÊý£¬Éè¼ÆµãÔÚÖ÷´¥Í·¸Õ½Ó´¥Î»Öã¬È¡¦Æ=1.35 Õæ¿Õµ¼´ÅÂʦÌ0=4¦Ð¡Á10-7=1.257¡Á10-6 (H/m) ÌúÐĵĽØÃæ»ý¼ÆË㹫ʽÈçÏ£º Sc=

2F0??0B?m2 (4-30)

24

2?78.696?1.257?10?6 = 20.78 =3.25¡Á10-4 m2

£¨2£©È·¶¨ÌúÐĽØÃæ±ß³¤[£º(È¡¦Å=a/b=1£»µþƬϵÊýKc=0.9--0.95) a=

Sc £¨4-31£© ??Kc3.25?10?4 =0.9¡Ö19mm

È¡£ºa=19 mm Ôò£ºb=a=19 mm

¼ÆËãÏßȦÔÑÊý N

N=0.98?UN4.44fBS (4-32)

cmc =

0.98?2204.44?50?1.3?3.25?10?4

=2298.6ÔÑ È¡2298ÔÑ

³õËãÏßȦ´ÅÊƲ¢È·¶¨ÏßȦ³ß´ç (1) ÏßȦ´ÅÊÆ £º·Ç¹¤×÷Æø϶

¦Äf=0.2¡Á10-3 m

IN=K15?BcmSc2??£»

K15=(1.65¡ª2.5)È¡2

11??=

?+2? f??4 ¦«=0Sc1.257?10?6?3.25?10??=.05?10?3 =8.17¡Á10-6

¦Äe0 25

?0Sc1.257?10?6?3.25?10?4-6

¦«f===2.04¡Á10 ?3?f0.2?10 ¡Æ¦«=

???f???2?f

8.17?10?6?2.04?10?6 =

8.17?10?6?2?2.04?10?6 =1.36¡Á10-6 IN=

K15?BcmSc2??

=

2?1.3?3.25?10?42?1.36?10?6

=439.4 (2) ÏßȦ¸ß¶È£º

²é×ÊÁÏÏßȦºñ¶È±ÈÖµn=0.5¨D0.8 È¡n=0.6µÃ£ºÏßȦµ¼Ïߵĵç×èÂʦÑ=2.37¡Á10-8 ¦¸¡¤m

ÏßȦ±íÃæ×ÛºÏÉ¢ÈÈϵÊýKT =10.99 W/m2¡¤K ktc ---ÏßȦÌî³äϵÊý£¬³õ²½Éè¼Æ¿ÉÈ¡ktc = 0.5 ²é×ÊÁÏÑ¡D21-0.5ÇúÏßpc=3.8 W/kg

Kc= pc¦Åa2¦ÑFe=3.8¡Á1¡Á0.0202¡Á7.8¡Á103=11.856 w/m ÏßȦ¸ß¶È¼ÆË㹫ʽ[:

110¡æ

??(2?2???n)(IN)2 h= (4-33)

[KT??(2?2??2?n)?a?Kc]?ktcn2.37?10?8?(2?2?1?3.14?0.6)(439.4)2 =

[10.99?70?(2?2?1?2?3.14?0.6)?0.020?11.856]?0.5?0.6 =

0.0269=28.86mm

32.298 È¡h=28mm

(3) ÏßȦºñ¶È¼ÆË㹫ʽ£º

¦¤=na=0.6¡Á19=11.4mm (4-34) (4 Ïß¾¶¼ÆË㹫ʽ£º

26

4ktch? (4-35) ??N4?0.5?28?11.4 =

3.14?2298 d=

=0.297mm

È¡d=0.31mm

4.12 È·¶¨ÆäËû½á¹¹³ß´ç£¬²¢»­³öµç´ÅÌú²Ýͼ

£¨1£©ÏßȦµÄÄڿ׳ߴçA¡¢B

¦¤c1= (0.5--1)mmÈ¡0.7mm ¦¤c2=¦¤c1+ t=0.7+2=2.7mm A1=a+2¦¤c1=20+2¡Á0.7=21.4mm,B1=b+2¦¤c2=20+2¡Á2.7=25.4mm £¨2£©ÏßȦÍâÐγߴç

A2=A1+2¦¤=21.4+2¡Á12=45.4mm,B2=B1+2¦¤=25.4+2¡Á12=49.4mm (3) ÏÎÌú½ØÃæ»ý£º

Sx=Kxab=1¡Á19¡Á19=361mm2 Kc=(0.8--1) Ke¨R1 (4) Ìúéî½ØÃæ»ý£º

Se=Keab=1¡Á19¡Á19=361mm2 (5) Ìúо³¤¶È£º

li=h+bk=28+1=29mm (6) ÏÎÌú³¤¶È£º

l=2a+¦¤+¦¤c2+¦¤c3=2¡Á19+12+0.5+5=55.5mm (7) µç´ÅÌú¸ß¶È£º h=2¡Á19+28=66mm (8) ²Ýͼ:

27

ͼ4-3 µç´ÅÌú²Ýͼ

4.13 ÐÔÄÜÑéËã

Ö÷Òª¼ÆË㣺 ÏßȦÀäµç×裨200C£© ²é±íÍ­¦Ñ

020

C =1.75¡Á10-8m

ÏßȦµÄƽ¾ùÔѳ¤£º

Lpj=2¡Á(A1+B1)+¦Ð¦¤=2¡Á(21.4+25.4)+3.14¡Á12=131.28mm

ÏßȦÀäµç×è¼ÆË㹫ʽÈçÏ £º

20C¡Ál1.75?10?8 R0

?131.28?10?3?2298200¡æ=£¨¦ÑÍ­pjN)/S=??0.312 (4-36) ?10?64 =69.98¦¸

ÏßȦÈȵç×裨1100C£© ÏßȦÈȵç×è¼ÆË㹫ʽÈçÏ£º

R1100¡æ= R200¡æ ¦Ñ1100¡æ/¦Ñ200¡æ=69.98¡Á2.37/1.75=94.77¦¸ (4-37) ÏÎÌú±ÕºÏλÖù¤×÷Æø϶´Åͨ¼ÆËã

E¡ÖUN , ©´ÅϵÊý¦Æ¡Ö1 §¶¦Äm=E/(4.44f¦ÆN) =220/(4.44¡Á50¡Á2298)

28

=4.3¡Á10wb ÏÎÌú±ÕºÏλÖÃÏßȦµçÁ÷¼ÆËã £¨1£©¹¤×÷Æø϶´Å»¯µçÁ÷I¦Ä

¡Ä¦Ä=¦Ì0abkc/2¦Äe £¨4-38£©

-4

1.257?10?6?19?19?0.93?10?6 =2?0.05?10?3 =4.22¡Á10-6

I1/2¦Ä=§¶¦Äm /(21/2N¡Ä¦Ä)¦Äm¦Ä)¦Äm /(21/2N¡Ä¦Ä)m /(2N¡Ä¦Ä) =4.3¡Á10-4/(1.414¡Á2298¡Á4.22¡Á10-6) =0.031A £¨2£©·Ç¹¤×÷Æø϶´Å»¯µçÁ÷If

¡Äf=¦Ì0abkc/¦Äf =(1.257¡Á10-6¡Á19¡Á19¡Á0.93¡Á10-6)/(0.2¡Á10-3) =2.11¡Á10-6 I1/2f=§¶¦Äm /(2N¡Äf)

=4.3¡Á10-4/(1.414¡Á2298¡Á2.11¡Á10-6) =0.0627A

£¨3£©µ¼´ÅÌå´Å»¯µçÁ÷£ºIm=¡ÆH l /N

ÏÎÌú´Åѹ½µH1 l 1

B1=§¶¦Äm /axbxkc =4.3¡Á10-4/(19¡Á19¡Á10-6¡Á0.93) =1.28 T

²ÉÓÃD23-0.5ÀäÔþ¹è¸ÖƬ£º ²é×ÊÁϵãºH1=786A/m ÏÎÌúµÄ´Åѹ½µ£ºH1 l1

l 1=a+¦¤+¦¤C1+¦¤C3=19+12+0.5+5=36.5mm ¾²ÌúÐÄ´Åѹ½µ£ºH2 l 2

B2=B1, H2=H1

l 2= li=29mm Ìúéî´Åѹ½µH3l 3

B3=B2=B1 £» H3=H2=H1=786A/m

29

4-39£© 4-40£© 4-41£©

£¨£¨£¨ l 3= l 1+ l i=55.5+29=84.5mm

×Ü´Åѹ½µÎª£º

¡ÆHl= H1l1+H2l2+H3l 3 £¨4-42£©

=786¡Á(36.5+29+84.5)

=95106

Im=¡ÆH l /N=95106¡Á10-3/2298=0.0414A £¨4£©µ¼´ÅÌåËðºÄ¹æ»®µçÁ÷IP

V1=axbx(l 1+a)=19¡Á19¡Á(55.5+19)=26894.5 V2=abl 1+ aebe(l i+ l 1+a)

=19¡Á19¡Á29+19¡Á19¡Á(29+55.5+19) =10469+37363.5 =47832.5

ÏÎÌúËðºÄ¼ÆË㹫ʽ£ºpC1=3.8 W/kg (4-44) PFe1= PC1¦ÃV1

=3.8¡Á7800¡Á2.69¡Á10-5=0.797w ¾²ÌúÐÄËðºÄ£º

PFe2= Pc2¦ÃV2=3.8¡Á7800¡Á4.78¡Á10-5=1.42w Ôò£º Ip=¡ÆPFe /UN=(0.797+1.42)/220=10.08¡Á10-3A £¨5£©·Ö´Å»·¹æ»®µçÁ÷Id

Ed=4.44fNk§¶¦Äm¦Ã2 =4.44¡Á50¡Á1¡Á4.3¡Á10-4¡Á0.8 =0.0764 v

Id=2Ed2 /(UN¡Árk) =2¡Á0.07642/(220¡Á7.355¡Á10-4)

=0.072 A £¨6£©¼ÆËãÏßȦµçÁ÷I

´Å»¯µçÁ÷£º

Ir=I¦Ä+If+Im =0.031+0.0627+0.0414

=0.1351 ËðºÄµçÁ÷£º

30

4-43£©

4-45£©

4-46£©

4-47£©

4-48£© £¨£¨£¨£¨£¨ Ia=Ip+Id=0.01+0.072=0.082A £¨4-49£©

2 I=Ir?Ia=0.1351?0.0822=0.158A

22 ¦·1=arctg

Ia0.082= arctg=31.260 Ir0.1351 U2=E2+I2R2+2E(IR)sin¦·1

2202=E2+0.1582¡Á94.772+2¡Á(0.158¡Á94.77) ¡Á0.519E

µÃ£ºE2+15.54E-48624=0 £¨4-50£©

?15.54?15.542?4?(?48624) E==212.88V

2E

4.44fN?212.88 ==3.1¡Á10-4

4.44?50?2298?1.35 ¹Ê§¶¦Äm1=

??m???m14.3?10?4?3.1?10?4 ¦Å===2.79%<3% ?4??m4.3?10 £¨ÒªÇó¼ÆËãÇ°ºóÁ½´Î´Åͨ½üËÆÖµÖ®²îÓëÇ°´Î´Åͨ½üËÆÖµÖ®±È£¬Ó¦Ð¡ÓÚ¸ø¶¨Îó²î

Öµ3%£©¹ÊÂú×ãÌõ¼þ ÏßȦ·¢Èȹ¦ÂÊP

P=I2R1100¡æ=0.1582¡Á94.77=2.366w £¨4-51£©

ÏßȦÎÂÉý¼ÆËã

ÏßȦ°üΧ²¿·ÖÌúÐÄËðºÄ PFe3

PC3=PC2=3.8w/kg

PFe3=a¡Áb¡Ákc¡Áh¡Á¦ÑFePC3 £¨4-52£©

=19¡Á19¡Á10-6¡Á0.93¡Á0.028¡Á7800¡Á3.8 =0.279w £¨2£©ÏßȦÍâ±íÃæÉ¢ÈÈÃæ»ýS:

S=(2A1+2B1+2pi¦¤) ¡Áh £¨4-53£© =(2¡Á21.4+2¡Á25.4+2¡Á3.14¡Á12 ) ¡Á28 =4.73¡Á10-3m2 £¨3£©ÏßȦÎȶ¨ÎÂÉý¼ÆË㣺¦Çw

£¨³¤ÆÚ¹¤×÷ÖÆÏßȦµÄ¹¦ÂʹýÔØϵÊý£ºkp2=1£©

¦Çw=(P+PFe3)/(kp2¡ÁKT¡ÁS) £¨4-54£©

31

=(2.366+0.279)/(1¡Á10.99¡Á4.73¡Á10-3

) =50.880C<700C ÎÂÉýºÏ¸ñ

ÏÎÌúÔÚÉè¼ÆµãµÄÆø϶´Åµ¼¼ÆË㣺 £¨1£©¹¤×÷Æø϶´Åµ¼¡Ä¦Ä

£¨Òò¦Ä0/a<0.2,/b<0.2,¹ÊÓýâÎö·¨¼ÆË㣩 Ò»¸ö´Å¼«µÄ´Åµ¼: ¡Ä?¦Ä=0abKc? 0-6-6 =

1.257?10?19?19?10?0.933?10-3 =1.401¡Á10-7H £¨2£©·Ç¹¤×÷Æø϶´Åµ¼¡Äf

£¨Òò¦Ä0/a<0.2,/b<0.2,¹ÊÓýâÎö·¨¼ÆË㣩

¡Äf=¦Ì0aebeKcf =1.257?10-6?19?19?10-6?0.930.2?10-3

=2.11¡Á10-6H

£¨3£©ÌúÐĶÔÌúé볤¶È©´Åµ¼¦Ë£º ½«·½ÐνØÃæ»ýµÈЧΪԲÐΰ뾶r ÓɦСÁr2=ab

r=ab/?=19?19/3.14=10.72mm ¦Ë=

2??0ln(k?k2

?1) k=y2?2r2l2?2r236.52?2?10.2r2=7222r2=2?10.722=4.8 yΪÌúÐÄÓëÌúéîµÄÖÐÐľà=55.5-19=36.5mm ¦Ë=

2?3.14?12.57?10?7ln(4.8?4.82 ?1) =78.94?10?72.25

=35.08¡Á10-7H/m

32

4-55£©4-56£©4-57£©4-58£©£¨ £¨ £¨ £¨

£¨4£©¼ÆËãµÈЧ©´Åµ¼£º

11 ¡Ä`ld=¦ËLi=¡Á35.08¡Á10-7¡Á29¡Á10-3=0.339¡Á10-7H £¨4-59£©

33

¼ÆËãÏßȦ¸Ð¿¹XL£º

?N2(????`ld)??f XL= £¨4-60£© ` = = =266.5

¼ÆËãÏßȦµçÁ÷I£º I=

=

=0.66A

¼ÆËã·´µç¶¯ÊÆE£º

E= = =176.23V ¼ÆË㹤×÷Æø϶´Åͨ£º

=

=2.564.14 Ö÷ÒªÅжÏ

ƽ¾ùÎüÁ¦Åжϣº

????ld??f100?3.14?22982?(1.401?0.339)?21.1?10?14(1.401?0.339?21.1)?10?7

6087.8?10?722.84?10?7 ¦¸ UR22 £¨4-61£©

1100C?XL0.85?22094.772?266.52

U2?(IR1100C)2 £¨4-62£© (0.85?220)2?(0.66?94.77)2 §¶E¦Äm=

4.44fN? £¨4-63£©

176.234.44?50?2298?1.35

¡Á10-4

33

ÒòÄÜÁ¿Æ½ºâ¹«Ê½·¨¼ÆËãÁ½¸ö¼«µÄ×Üƽ¾ùÎüÁ¦Fpj Fpj=-d??1¡Á(?m)2¡Á? £¨4-64£©

d???2?0abkc2.5621 =-¡Á()¡Á£¨-£© 221.5?01.257?10?6?19?19?0.93?10?61 = -2¡Á2.9¡Á£¨-32?10?6 =12¡Á2.9¡Á46.89=67.99N>65.58N

ÔÚÏÎÌú±ÕºÏλÖÃÈ¡×îСÎüÁ¦ÅÐ¶Ï £¨1£©¹¤×÷Æø϶´Åͨ£º §¶0.98?U¦Äm=

14.44fN =

0.98?0.85?2204.44?50?2298=3.59¡Á10-4wb

£¨2£©¼ÆËã·Ö´Å»·ÄÚÍâÏàλ²î½Ç£º

Sk=t¡Ábk=2¡Á1=2mm2 =ld?k2.58?10?8?67.08?10?3 rkS=?10?6 k2.64 =6.56¡Á10-4¦¸

tg¦È=2?f?0s2r

k?2 =314?1.257?10?6?228?10?66.56?10?4?0.05?10?3

=2.74 Òò´Ë¦È=69.950

£¨3£©Çó¦È1m¼°¦È2m

?10.?=05?10?3 R¦Ä1=10?6?57?10?6=6.98¡Á105¦¸ 0s11.257? R?20.05?=?10?35

¦Ä2=?6?6=1.74¡Á10¦¸0s21.257?10?228?10 Xwk=r=314.56?10?4=4.79¡Á105¦¸ k6 ¦È

2

2¦Äm

=¦È

1m+¦È

22m+2¦È1m¦È2mcos¦È

34

£© 4-65£©

4-66£©

4-67£© £¨£¨£¨ (¦È1mR¦Ä1)2=(¦È2mR¦Ä2)2+(¦È2mXk)2

¡ú(¦È1m¡Á6.98)2=(¦È2m¡Á1.74)2+(¦È2m¡Á4.79)2 ¦È1m=

?2mR?22?Xk2R?1

¡ú¦È1m=0.73¦È2m

(3.59¡Á10-4)2=(0.73¦È2m)2+¦È22m

+2¡Á0.73¦È

22m¡Ácos69.95

12.89¡Á10-8 =2.99¦È

2 2m

¦È-42m=2.08¡Á10Wb

¦È-4

1m=1.52¡Á10Wb £¨4£©¼ÆËãƽ¾ùÎüÁ¦Fpj1ºÍFpj1

?21m(1.52?10?4)2Fpj1=4?=?6?6=80.6N 0s14?1.257?10?57?10?22Fpj2=2m(2.08?10?4)4?=?6?6=37.7N 0s24?1.257?10?228?10 £¨5£©¼ÆËãÏÎÌú±ÕºÏλÖÃ×îСÎüÁ¦£º £¨a£©Ò»¸ö¹¤×÷Æø϶µÄ×îСÎüÁ¦£º

in`=F22Pj1+FPj2-FPj1?FPj2?2FPj1?FPj2cos2? =80.6+37.7-7917.65?4648.48 =118.3-57.18 =61.12 £¨b£©Á½¸ö¹¤×÷Æø϶µÄ×îСÎüÁ¦£º

Fmin=2 Fmin`=122.24>Ff0=78.696N ×îСÎüÁ¦ºÏ¸ñ

4.15 ¼ÆËãµç´ÅÌú²ÄÁÏÖØÁ¿¼°¾­¼ÃÖØÁ¿

£¨1£©Í­ÖØ£º m?d21=

4lPj?N??Cu =

??(0.31?10?6)24?131.28?10-3?2298?8.9

35

4-68£©4-69£©4-70£©4-71£©4-72£©£¨ £¨ £¨ £¨ £¨

=0.203kg

£¨2£©ÌúÖØ£º

V1+V2+V3=55.5¡Á192+(55.5¡Á192+29¡Á192)+29¡Á192 £¨4-73£©

=6.1¡Á10-5

m2=(V1+V2+V3)¦ÑFe=6.1¡Á10-5¡Á7.8¡Á103

=0.4758kg

Òò´Ë M=

m1?m2

0.9Ff0??00.203?0.4758

0.9?65.58?2?10?3 =

=0.57kg

£¨3£©¾­¼ÃÖØÁ¿¼ÆË㣺

M£¬= M /0.9¡Á(f0¡Á¦Ä0)

=0.57/0.9¡Á0.19674=3.22kg ·ûºÏÒªÇó

36

]

½áÊøÓï

±¾¿ÎÌâÊǶԽ»Á÷½Ó´¥Æ÷Éè¼Æ¡£ÒÔÕâ¸ö¿ÎÌâ×÷Ϊ±ÏÒµÉè¼Æ£¬Ê×ÏÈʹÎÒÁé»îÔËÓÃËù²éÔĵÄ×ÊÁÏ£¬ÊµÏÖ¶ÔµçÆ÷Éè¼Æ·½ÃæµÄ֪ʶ³ä·ÖÀûÓ㬶ԵÍѹµçÆ÷Éè¼Æ¹ý³Ì×÷¸üÉî¶ÈµÄÀí½â£¬ÈÃÎÒ»ñµÃµçÆø¹¤³ÌʦµÄ»ù±¾ÑµÁ·£¬Ìá¸ßÁËÎÒ·ÖÎö¡¢½â¾öÎÊÌâµÄÄÜÁ¦£¬Õâ´Î±ÏÒµÉè¼Æ¶Ô½ñºóÎҵŤ×÷²úÉúÉîÔ¶µÄÓ°Ïì¡£

Ñо¿ÄÚÈÝÖ÷ÒªÓУº´¥Í·ÏµÍ³µÄÉè¼Æ¡¢Ãð»¡ÏµÍ³µÄÉè¼Æ¡¢µç´ÅϵͳµÄÉè¼Æ¡£Ä¿Ç°¹úÄÚ£¨Í⣩µÄµÍѹµçÆ÷¿ÆÑÐËùºÍÆóÒµµÄÑз¢ÖÐÐÄÔÚÑÐÖÆ¿ª·¢½»Á÷½Ó´¥Æ÷ʱ£¬Ö÷ÒªÒÔÌá¸ß¹¤×÷¿É¿¿ÐÔ£¬Ñ°ÇóºÏÀíµÄͨ¶ÏÄÜÁ¦£¬ÑÓ³¤Ê¹ÓÃÊÙÃü£¬ËõÉÙ²úÆ·µÄÌå»ý£¬Ìá¸ßÈý»¯Ë®Æ½ÎªÄ¿±ê£¬Í¬Ê±ÔÚÕâЩ»ù´¡ÉϽøÐиĸïºÍ´´Ð¡£

Éè¼ÆµÄ²½Öè×ܽá¹éÄÉÈçÏ£º

×ÜÌå·½°¸µÄÉè¼Æ¡ú´¥Í·ÏµÍ³µÄÉè¼ÆÓë¼ÆËã¡úÃð»¡ÏµÍ³µÄÉè¼ÆÓë¼ÆËã¡úÈ·¶¨·´Á¦ÌØÐÔÇúÏßͼ¡úµç´ÅϵͳÉè¼ÆÓë¼ÆËã¡£Õâ´Î±ÏÒµÉè¼Æ£¬ÊǶÔÎÒ´óѧµÄËùѧ֪ʶµÄÒ»´Î´ó¼ìÔÄ£¬Ê¹×Ô¼ºÊìϤ¹®¹ÌÁËÓйؿγÌÄÚÈÝ£¬²»½öʹ×Ô¼ºÔÚ×ÛºÏÄÜÁ¦·½ÃæµÃµ½Ìá¸ß£¬»¹ÍêÉÆÁË×Ô¼ºÔÚ´óѧÆÚ¼äµÄ֪ʶÌåϵ¡£ÔÚÉè¼Æ¹ý³ÌÖУ¬²éÔÄ×ÊÁϵÄͬʱҲ·á¸»ÁË×Ô¼ºµÄ֪ʶÃæ¡£ÁíÍ⣬ÎÒÔÚÀíÂÛÔËÓÃÓÚʵ¼ù·½ÃæÓÐÁËÒ»¶¨µÄ˼·£¬Ê¹×Ô¼º½øÐвúÆ·Éè¼ÆÒÔ¼°ÈçºÎ½øÐÐÓÅ»¯·ÖÎöµÄÄÜÁ¦µÃµ½ÁËÌá¸ß¡£²úÆ·Éè¼ÆµÄºÃ»µ£¬×îÖÕÄܴﵽʲôÑùµÄЧ¹û£¬ÔÚÒ»¶¨³Ì¶ÈÉÏ»¹ÓëÉè¼Æ²úƷʺóµÄÓÅ»¯·ÖÎöÓйء£×ÜÖ®£¬Òª³ÉΪһÃû³öÉ«µÄ²úÆ·Éè¼ÆÕߣ¬ÐèÒª¸¶³ö¸ü¶àµÄŬÁ¦£¬ÔÚÒÔºóµÄ¹¤×÷Öв»¶ÏµÄȥѧϰ£¬×ܽᡣ

ÔÚ¹®¹Ì¸÷·½Ãæ֪ʶµÄͬʱ£¬Ò²Ìá¸ß×Ô¼º·ÖÎöÎÊÌâ½â¾öÎÊÌâµÄÄÜÁ¦¡£µ«ÊÇÔÚÕâ´Î±ÏÒµÉè¼ÆÖУ¬ÓÉÓÚ×Ô¼ºË®Æ½ÓÐÏÞ£¬»¹´æÔÚ×ÅһЩÒÅ©ºÍ´íÎóÖ®´¦ ¡£»¹Óкܶà¾ßÌåµÄ¼¼Êõ¹¤×÷ÐèÒª½â¾ö£¬»¹¿ÉÒÔ½øÒ»²½°ÑÍêÉÆ£¬¿ÒÇëÀÏʦÅúÆÀºÍÖ¸Õý¡£

37

²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ×

[1]ÕÔÒã¾ý£¬ÀîÓÀ¼á.µçÆ÷Ô­Àí²úÆ·¿Î³ÌÉè¼ÆÖ¸µ¼Êé[M].ºþÄϹ¤³ÌѧԺ£¬2001,1-12 [2]·½ºè·¢.µÍѹµçÆ÷[M].±±¾©£º»úе¹¤Òµ³ö°æÉ磬1982£¬47-97

[3]·½ºè·¢.µÍѹµçÆ÷¼°Æä²âÊÔ¼¼Êõ[M].±±¾©£º»úе¹¤Òµ³ö°æÉ磬1982,34-44,73-106,

[4]ÕŹÚÉú£¬¶¡µÀÃ÷.³£ÓõÍѹµçÆ÷¼°ÆäÓ¦ÓÃ[M].±±¾©£º»úе¹¤Òµ³ö°æÉ磬1992£¬158-202

[5]ÕŹÚÉú.µçÆ÷ÀíÂÛ»ù´¡[M].±±¾©£º»úе¹¤Òµ³ö°æÉ磬1980£¬35-80 [6]Àî¹óºÍ. µçÆ÷¼°Æä¿ØÖÆ[M].ÖØÇ죺ÖØÇì´óѧ³ö°æÉ磬1993,10-16 [7]Âí¾µ³Î£¬ÍõÊé³É.µÍѹµçÆ÷[M].±±¾©£º±øÆ÷¹¤Òµ³ö°æÉ磬1993,44-52 [8]ºØÏæçü.µçÆ÷ѧ[M].±±¾©£º»úе¹¤Òµ³ö°æÉ磬1985£¬65-84 [9]ÀÃ÷.µçÆ÷¹¤ÒÕÓ빤װ[M].±±¾©£º»úе¹¤Òµ³ö°æÉ磬2000,35-70

[10]Ö£·ïÒí.µÍѹµçÆ÷¼°ÆäÓ¦ÓÃ[M].±±¾©£ºÈËÃñÓʵç³ö°æÉ磬1999,1-30,211-264 [11]ÖÜïÏé.µÍѹµçÆ÷Éè¼ÆÊÖ²á[M].±±¾©£º»úе¹¤Òµ³ö°æÉ磬1992£¬536-603 [12]ÕŹóÔª£¬ÁõÓñÃ÷.ʵÓýڵ缼ÊõÓë·½·¨[J].±±¾©£ºÖйúµçÁ¦³ö°æÉ磬1997,211-214

[13]½ðÕÜ.½Úµç¼¼ÊõÓë½Úµç¹¤³Ì[M].±±¾©£ºÖйúµçÁ¦³ö°æÉ磬1997,452-463

38

ÖÂл

ͨ¹ýÕâ´Î±ÏÒµÉè¼Æ£¬ÎÒ²»½öÔÚ×ÛºÏÄÜÁ¦·½ÃæµÃµ½Ìá¸ß£¬»¹Ê¹×Ô¼ºÔÚ´óѧÆÚ¼äµÄ֪ʶÌåϵµÃµ½Á˳ä·ÖµÄÍêÉÆ¡£¶øÒª³ÉΪһÃûºÏ¸ñµÄ²úÆ·Éè¼ÆÕߣ¬ÐèÒª×öµ½ÒÔϼ¸¸ö·½Ã棺

£¨1£©¸´ÔӵĵÍѹµçÆ÷²úÆ·£¬ÆäÁ㲿¼þºÜ¶à£¬µ«²»Â۽ṹ¸´ÔÓ»ò¼òµ¥£¬ÆäÉè¼Æ¹ý³Ì¶¼ÊÇÒ»¸ö¶àÄ¿±êº¯ÊýµÄÓÅ»¯¹ý³Ì£¬Òò´Ë£¬×÷ΪһÃûÉè¼ÆÕßÔÚ´ÓÊÂijÏî²úÆ·¿ª·¢Éè¼Æ֮ǰ£¬Ê×ÏÈÒª°Ñ×·ÇóÄÇЩĿ±ê£¬ÕâЩĿ±êÏ໥֮¼äµÄÔ¼ÊøÌõ¼þºÍÓÐÄÇЩ±ß½çÌõ¼þÒªµ÷²éÁ˽âÇå³þ£¬Í¬Ê±ÔÚÉè¼Æʱ£¬Òª°ÑÊг¡Çé¿ö¡¢Óû§ÒªÇó¡¢¹úÄÚÍâµÄ·¢Õ¹Ç÷ÊÆÏÈ×÷Щµ÷²é£¬ÒÔÃ÷È·Éè¼ÆҪ׷ÇóµÄÄ¿±êÊÇÄÇЩ£¬ÆäÖÐÄÄЩÊÇÖ÷ÒªµÄ£¬ÄÄЩÊÇ´ÎÒªµÄ£¬ÄÄЩÊÇÓ¦¸ÃͬʱʵÏֵģ¬ÄÄЩÊÇ¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ýÅÉÉúÉè¼ÆÀ´ÊµÏֵģ¬ÕâÒ²¾ÍÊÇÈËÃdz£ËµµÄ¶àÄ¿±ê¶à²ã´Î·ÖÎöÇó½âµÄÎÊÌâ¡£

£¨2£©×÷ΪһÃûÉè¼ÆÕߣ¬Ê×ÏÈÒª³ä·ÖÁ˽âËûËùÉè¼ÆµÄ²úÆ·£¬Æä¶àÄ¿±ê¼ÓȨÆÀ¼ÛÌåÏÖµÄÇé¿ö£¬¶ÔÀϲúÆ·×÷Ò»¶¨µÄÆÀ¼Û£¬È»ºó£¬ÔÙ¸ù¾ÝÓû§ºÍÊг¡ÐÅÏ¢£¬·ÖÎöÄÄЩָ±ê£¬Òª¼ÓÒÔÌá¸ß£¬Ê¹Ð²úÆ·±ÈÀϲúÆ·ÔÚ×ÛºÏÆÀ¼ÛʱÓÐÃ÷ÏÔµÄÌá¸ß£¬´Ó¶øʹпª·¢µÄ²úÆ·ÓнÏÇ¿µÄÉúÃüÁ¦ºÍ¾ºÕùÁ¦¡£

£¨3£©Éè¼ÆÕßÓ¦¸ÃÒªÕÆÎÕÒ»ÖÖ»ò¶àÖÖ¿ÆѧµÄÉè¼Æ³ÌÐò£¬Õâ¶Ô±£Ö¤Éè¼ÆˮƽºÍÉè¼ÆÖÊÁ¿ÊÇÖÁ¹ØÖØÒªµÄ£¬ÓеÄÈËÈÏΪ£¬Éè¼Æ¾ÍÊǽøÐеçÆøºÍ»úе¼ÆËã²¢ÖÆͼ£¬Æäʵ£¬ÕâÖ»ÊÇÉè¼ÆÖеÄÒ»¸ö»·½Ú£¬ÌرðÊǶÔÓÚÉÐÎÞÍêÕû¼ÆË㹫ʽµÄµÍѹµçÆ÷Éè¼Æ£¬´ó²¿·Ö¿¿¾­ÑéºÍÊÔÑé·ÖÎöÀ´È·¶¨Ò»Ð©Êý¾Ý£¬Òò´Ë£¬ÔÚÉè¼ÆÇ°ÏÈÄⶨһ¸öÍêÕûµÄÉè¼Æ³ÌÐòͼ£¬¶Ô¼ÓËÙÍê³ÉÉè¼Æ¡¢¼õÉÙÍä·ÊÇÓкܴóºÃ´¦µÄ¡£

£¨4£©²úÆ·Éè¼ÆµÄºÃ»µ£¬Ôںܴó³Ì¶ÈÉÏ»¹ÓëÉè¼ÆÕß²ÉÓÃʲôˮƽµÄ¼Ó¹¤¹¤ÒÕ·½·¨À´ÖÆÔìÕâЩÓйأ¬Òò´Ë£¬Éè¼ÆÕßÒª³ä·Ö×¢Òâй¤ÒÕºÍй¤ÒÕ×°±¸µÄ·¢Õ¹Çé¿ö£¬ÔÚÉè¼ÆÖо¡Á¿¿¼ÂDzÉÓÃһЩÐµĹ¤ÒÕ£¬ÒÔÌá¸ßÖÊÁ¿¡¢½µµÍ³É±¾¡£

×ÜÖ®£¬Òª³ÉΪһÃû³öÉ«µÄ²úÆ·Éè¼ÆÕߣ¬ÐèÒª¸¶³ö¸ü¶àµÄŬÁ¦£¬ÐèÒªÔÚÒÔºóµÄ¹¤×÷Öв»¶ÏµÄȥѧϰ£¬È¥ÃþË÷£¬È¥×ܽᡣ

×îºó£¬ÎÒÒª¸ÐлÎÒµÄÖ¸µ¼ÀÏʦÀ½ÌÊÚ£¬ËûÔÚ°Ùæ֮Öгé³öʱ¼äÖ¸µ¼ÎÒ£¬ËûµÄ×»×»½Ì»å¶ÔÎÒÓкܴóµÄ°ïÖú£¬¶øÇÒ½«Ê¹ÎÒÊÜÓÃÒ»Éú£¬

39

¸½Â¼ ÎüÁ¦-·´Á¦ÌØÐÔÇúÏß

ÎüÁ¦-·´Á¦ÌØÐÔÇúÏßͼ

40

ÁªÏµ¿Í·þ£º779662525#qq.com(#Ì滻Ϊ@)