µÚ1ÕÂÐ÷ÂÛ΢´¦ÀíÆ÷£¨Microprocessor£©ÊÇÖ¸ÓÉһƬ»ò¼¸Æ¬´ó¹æÄ£¼¯³Éµç·×é³ÉµÄ¾ßÓÐÔËËãÆ÷ºÍ¿ØÖÆÆ÷¹¦ÄܵÄоƬ£¬³ÆΪ΢´¦ÀíÆ÷£¨Microprocessing Unit¼´MPU£©¡£ÒòÆäÔÚ¼ÆËã»úÖÐÊǺËÐIJ¿¼þ£¬ÈËÃÇÏ°¹ß³Æ֮ΪÖÐÑë´¦Àí»ú£¨Centeral Processing Unit£©£¬¼ò³ÆCPU¡£µ«ÔÚ´óÖÐСÐͼÆËã»úÖÐCPUÊÇÓɶàƬMPU×é³É£¬¶øÔÚ΢ÐͼÆËã»úÖÐCPUͨ³£ÊÇÓÉһƬMPU¹¹³É¡£ËùÒÔÓÐʱΪÁËÇø±ðÓÚ´óÖÐСÐͼÆËã»úµÄÖÐÑë´¦ÀíÆ÷£¨CPU£©£¬½«Î¢ÐͼÆËã»úÖеÄCPU³ÆΪMPU¡£µÚ1ÕÂÐ÷ÂÛ΢ÐͼÆËã»ú£¨Microcomputer£¬¼ò³ÆMC£©ÊÇÒÔ΢´¦ÀíÆ÷ΪºËÐÄ£¬ÅäÉÏÓдó¹æÄ£¼¯³Éµç·ÖÆ×öµÄ´æ´¢Æ÷¡¢ÊäÈë/Êä³ö½Ó¿Úµç·¼°ÏµÍ³×ÜÏßËù×é³ÉµÄ¼ÆËã»ú£¬³Æ֮Ϊ΢ÐͼÆËã»ú£¬¼ò³Æ΢»ú¡£ÔÚÓеÄ΢»úÉÏ£¬°ÑCPU¡¢´æ´¢Æ÷ºÍÊäÈë/Êä³ö½Ó¿Úµç·µÈ¼¯³ÉÔÚÒ»¿éµ¥Æ¬µÄоƬÉÏ£¬³ÆΪµ¥Æ¬Î¢ÐͼÆËã»ú¡£µÚ1ÕÂÐ÷ÂÛ΢ÐͼÆËã»úϵͳ£¨Microcomputer System£¬¼ò³ÆMCS£©ÊÇÖ¸ÒÔ΢ÐͼÆËã»úΪºËÐÄ£¬²¢ÅäÒÔÏàÓ¦µÄÍâΧÉ豸¡¢µçÔ´¡¢¸¨Öúµç·£¨Í³³ÆÓ²¼þ£©ÒÔ¼°¿ØÖÆ΢ÐͼÆËã»ú½øÐй¤×÷µÄϵͳÈí¼þËù¹¹³ÉµÄ¼ÆËã»úϵͳ¡£µÚ1ÕÂÐ÷ÂÛ1.1.1΢ÐͼÆËã»úµÄ·¢Õ¹ÓÉÓÚ´ó¹æÄ£¼¯³Éµç·¼¼ÊõºÍ¼ÆËã»ú¼¼ÊõµÄ·ÉÔ¾·¢Õ¹£¬ÃÀ¹úIntel¹«Ë¾µÄ»ô·òÔÚ1971ÄêÑÐÖƳöÁËÊÀ½çÉϵÚÒ»¸ö΢´¦ÀíÆ÷Intel4004оƬ¡£Í¬Ê±£¬Intel¹«Ë¾»¹¿ª·¢³öÁíÍâÈý¿îоƬ£º4001¡¢4002¡¢4003£¬·Ö±ðÊÇËæ»ú´æ´¢Æ÷(RAM£¬Random Access Memory)¡¢Ö»¶Á´æ´¢Æ÷(ROM£¬Read Only Memory)ºÍ¼Ä´æÆ÷(Register)¡£ÕâËÄ¿ÅоƬ×éºÏÆðÀ´¾Í¿ÉÒÔ¹¹³Éһ̨΢ÐͼÆËã»ú¡£¿ª´´ÁËÒ»¸ö΢ÐͼÆËã»úµÄÐÂʱ´ú¡£ÖÁ½ñ£¬Î¢´¦ÀíÆ÷ºÍ΢ÐͼÆËã»úµÄ·¢Õ¹Ò²¾ÀúÁËËÄ´ú£º¼´4λ»ú¡¢8λ»ú¡¢16λ»ú¡¢32λ»úÖ±ÖÁ64λ»ú¡£Ä¿Ç°£¬Î¢´¦ÀíÆ÷ÒѾ½øÈë¶àºË´¦ÀíÆ÷£¨Multi-core Processor£©Ê±´ú¡£