Porpoises
1.superstition n. 迷信；迷信的观念 superstitious adj. 迷信的
e.g. foster superstition 助长迷信
break down/abolish superstition 破除迷信 中国人长久以来迷信看见喜鹊会有好运气。
There has long been a superstition among the Chinese that seeing a magpie will bring you good luck.
There has long been a superstition among the Chinese that seeing a magpie will bring you good luck/is a good omen/is an auspicious omen. an ominous omen/an ill omen/a bad omen
中国人长久以来迷信听见乌鸦叫是不吉利的。
There has long been a superstition among the Chinese that hearing the crowing of a crow is an ominous omen.
表示“错误的观念”
delusion （病态的）错觉
The sick man is under the delusion that he is Napoleon. illusion 错觉（正常的某种条件下的错觉） Mirrors give an illusion of more space in a room. allusion 对??的影射或暗指
He resents any allusion to his baldness. hallucination 幻觉
The high fever gave her hallucinations. mirage 海市蜃楼
2.Drowning
drown 淹死 choke vt. 噎死
He was choked to death on a piece of bread. smother 闷死
He smothered the baby with a pillow. suffocate 使某人窒息而死
The victims were suffocated by the fumes.
protect sb. by doing sth.
in defensive formation 防守的阵型
in attacking/offensive formation 进攻的阵型
3.however intelligent they may be
studio 画室，雕塑室，摄影棚，电台演播室，电影公司等 Universal Studios 环球电影公司 point out 指出，提醒
e.g. I must point out that you are making a dangerous mistake. 发表评论
however intelligent they may be,...
no matter how intelligent they may be,... although / though they may be intelligent,... even though they may be intelligent,... while they may be intelligent,... while
当某时； 而； 尽管
While the quality of legal journalism varies greatly, there is an undue reliance amongst many journalists on interpretations supplied to them by lawyers. 尽管有关法律方面的新闻报道质量千差万别，但是很多记者还是过份依赖于律师给他们提供的一些解释。
While comment and reaction from lawyers may enhance stories, it is preferable for journalists to rely on their own notions of significance and make their own judgments. 尽管来自于律师的一些评论和反馈可能会改善新闻报道的质量，但是记者们还是应该依赖于自己对重要性的理解以及亲自做出判断。 Intelligent as they may be,...
Although she is beautiful, I still don't like her. Beautiful as she is, I still don't like her.
4.Credit
credit sth. to... 把某个事情归因于?? credit 相信 incredible （不）可信的
I can scarcely credit what had happened. 我几乎不敢相信发生的事情。 credit sb. with sth. 认为某人有某种特征，一般指有好的特征 credit dolphins with motive of life saving
I had credited them with more integrity than they showed. 我本来认为他们会比表现的更正直一些。
I credited you with a little more sense. 我原以为你会更理智些。（我没想到你会这么糊涂）
5.motive v.动机 relative n. 亲戚 native n. 本地人 captive n. 俘虏 explosive n. 炸药 fugitive n. 逃犯
locomotive n. 火车头 incentive n. 刺激，激励
motive for / behind sth. the motive for the murder
the motive behind the bombing
The motive for/behind the bombing is revenge. 这次轰炸的动机就是复仇。 the motive of revenge
motivate v. 激励某人做某事
a teacher who can motivate his students to learn motivation n. 热情，动力
He's a bright enough student, --he just lacks motivation.
claim-response pattern claim denial reasons for denial
6.On the occasions
on...occasion 在??时刻，场合 on such occasions on rare occasions
on the occasion of his daughter's wedding instance 情况
In most instances, there will be no need for further treatment. circumstance 情况
Under no circumstances will we agree to splitting up the company.
7.out of curiosity out of... 出于?? out of necessity out of interest out of sympathy/pity out of respect out of conscience out of desperation I'm turning to you out of desperation. out of fear
So let us begin anew--remembering on both sides that civility is not a sign of weakness, and sincerity is always subject to proof. Let us never negotiate out of fear, but let us never fear to negotiate. ——John F. Kennedy
让我们双方重新开始——双方都应该牢记，谦逊并非懦弱的征象，诚实永远都需要来验证，让我们绝不要因为出于恐惧去谈判, 也不恐惧去谈判。
8.for sport: for fun/for pleasure/for amusement as prep... conj. 正如?? like prep. 正如
...as they have done it out of curiosity or for sport in riding the bow waves of a ship. Air is to man as water is to fish.
F: In New York, like in some other cities, environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious.
T: In New York, as in some other cities, environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious.
In New York, as environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious in some other cities, environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious.
9.photograph sb. doing sth.
They were photographed playing with the children. beaver
an eager beaver 一个积极工作想成功的人 ashore: to shore
...push a waterlogged mattress ashore...
10.as和which引导的非限定性定语从句区别：
as引导的非限定性定语从句，位置灵活，可以位于主句之前和主句之后；which引导的定语从句只能放在主句之后。
as引导的非限定性定语从句，含有“众所周知”的意思，常译为“正如??”。 可省略as后的be动词结构。
As (was) reported, the murderer was the victim's husband. As (was) expected, he didn't come back in time.
If, as reported, they have protected humans from sharks,...
F：As Napoleon once pointed [$u$]it[$/u$] out, attack is the best method of defense. T：As Napoleon once pointed out, attack is the best method of defense. as引导的限定性定语从句：
先行词前面要有与as相呼应的词： as...as... so...as... such...as... the same...as...
I need the tool which you are using. I need the same tool as you are using. I need such a tool as you are using. I need as useful a tool as you are using.