3. happening (condition) 4. saving (result) 5. Hearing (time)
III. Translation exercises
1. 他为这次面试中可能被问到的问题做好了准备。(confront) Translation:
He has prepared answers to the questions that he expects to confront during the interview. Confronted by an angry crowd, the police retreated.
2. 他悲惨的遭遇深深打动了我们，我们几乎要哭出声来。(touch) Translation:
His sad story touched us so deeply that we nearly cried.
3. 上海人容易听懂苏州话，因为上海话和苏州话有许多共同之处。(in common) Translation:
People from Shanghai can understand Suzhou dialect with ease, for Shanghai dialect and Suzhou dialect have much in common.
4. 亨利和妻子正在考虑能不能在三年内买一幢新房子。(look into) Translation:
Henry and his wife are looking into the possibility of buying a new house within three years.
Unit 2.
Vocabulary Analysis
1. Phrase practice
1. be through with = have sth. finished 完成
2. look over one’s shoulder = by looking from behind one's shoulder 回头看 3. take … apart =dissemble 拆开；粗暴对待 4. be prepared to = like/ want to 想要做
2. Word comparison
1. entitle: to give a title to a book
2. scornful: if you are scornful of someone or something, you show contempt for them
3. technical: a technical language is the one that is difficult for most people to understand because it is connected with one particular subject or used in one particular job
4. code: a set of rules which are accepted as general principles, or a set of written rules which state how people in a particular organization or country should behave
e.g. Clinics will be subject to a new code of conduct and stronger controls by local authorities. discipline: the practice of making people obey rules or standards of behavior, and punishing them when they do not
e.g. Children have to obey the discinples.
5
key: the part of a plan, action, etc, that will make it possible for it to succeed e.g. Working well as a team is key to success.
principle: a basic idea or rule that explains or controls how something happens or works e.g. The most important principle is the equal opportunity for all. 5.
number: to give a number to something that is part of an ordered set or list e.g. They have not numbered the pages of the report.
calculate: to judge the number or amount of something by using the information that you already have, and adding, multiplying, subtracting or dividing numbers
e.g. The new tax system would be calculated on the value of property owned by an individual. figure: to calculate an amount e.g. I am still figuring my taxes.
estimate: If you estimate a quantity or value, you make an approximate judgment or calculation of it.
e.g. I estimate that the total cost for treatment will be $12,500. 6.
score: the number of points, goals, etc. achieved in a game or competition e.g. Have you heard of the latest cricket score?
point: one of the marks or numbers that shows your score in a game or sport e.g. He is three points behind the leader.
mark: a point that is given for a correct answer or for doing something well in an exam or competition
e.g. He did well to get such a good mark.
number: one of a series of symbols used in counting, which is used to mark a particular example of something
e.g. Please write your credit card number on this form. 7.
superior: used to describe someone who believes that they are better than other people and acts in such a way
e.g. I can’t bear Amanda-she’s so superior.
lofty: if you say that someone behaves in a lofty way, you are criticizing them for behaving in a proud and rather unpleasant way, as if they think they are very important e.g. She has such a lofty manner.
stupid: if you say that someone or something is stupid, you mean that they show a lack of good judgment or intelligence and they are not sensible at all e.g. I’ll never do anything so stupid again. advanced: modern and well developed
e.g. This is the most advanced type of engine available. 8.
smart: intelligent or sensible
e.g. The smart kids get good grades and go off to the college.
wise: a wise person is able to use their experience and knowledge in order to make sensible decisions and judgments
e.g. She has the air of a wise woman.
6
intelligent: being able to learn and understand things easily e.g. Helen had a few intelligent things to say on the subject.
modern: made or done using the most recent designs or methods
e.g. A lot of progress has been made with the use of modern technology.
3. Synonym / Antonym
Give synonyms or antonyms of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used. 1. Today Tommy found a real book. Synonyms: actual, genuine, true
2. They turned the pages, which were yellow and crinkly, and it was awfully funny to read words that stood still instead of moving the way they were supposed to—on a screen, you know. Antonyms: moving, movable, mobile, restless,
3. They turned the pages, which were yellow and crinkly, and it was awfully funny to read words that stood still instead of moving the way they were supposed to —on a screen, you know. Synonyms: rough, coarse, uneven
4. Margie always hated school, but now she hated it more than ever. Antonyms: like, love, enjoy
5. Margie was scornful. Synonyms: disdainful, contemptuous
6. Tommy looked at her with very superior eyes. Antonyms: inferior, subordinate, secondary
7. “Maybe,” he said nonchalantly. Synonyms: indifferently, coldly, coolly, casually, offhandedly
8. Little girls learned better if they learned at regular hours. Antonyms: irregular, uncertain, random
4. Word derivation
Fill in the blank(s) in each sentence with an appropriate form of the given word in brackets. 1. It’s quite pointless to ask him again. He’ll never agree. (point)
2. No, this is not the original; it’s a good reproduction, though. (produce) 3. We’d better go by train. The car is too unreliable for such a long journey. (rely) 4. Thanks to your generosity we have now collected the money we need. (generous) 5. Jenny has sent me a very apologetic letter explaining why she didn’t do what she had promised. (apology)
6. You must realize that such disobedience cannot be tolerated. (obey) 7. I have never worked for such a considerate employer; I think all the other employees have the same opinion (employ)
7
8. Without your encouragement he would never have been able to do it. (courage)
1. point (n.) 点，要点，尖端，细节，目标 pointless (adj.) 不尖的，钝的，不得要领的 pointy (adj.) 非常尖的，有明显尖状突出部分的
e.g. This point is no leeway for dispute. 这一点是没有争论的余地的。
He heaped scorn on painting and sculpture which he described as pointless pastimes. 他嘲笑绘画和雕塑，称它们为无意义的消遣。
2. produce （v.）生产，提出，引起，生产 product (n.) 产品，成果
production (n.) 生产，产品，产量，作品，成果 productivity (n.) 生产率，生产能力
productive (adj.) 能生产的，有生产价值的，多产的 reproduce (v.) 复制，再生，生殖
reproduction (n.) 复制品，复制，繁殖，生殖
e.g. Can water turn into wine? How can earth and water produce a live frog! 水能变成酒吗?泥
土与水何以能制造出一只活生生的青蛙?
During the most productive time in her career, she wrote five novels. 在她创作生涯中最多产的时期，她写了五本小说。
We need to build a sales force with high productivity. 我们必须建立一支高产能的销售队伍。
3. rely(v.)依赖，依靠
reliable (adj.) 可靠地，可信的 reliability (n.) 可靠性 unreliable (adj.) 不可靠的
unreliability (n.) 不可靠性，不安全性
e.g. The only man a girl can rely on is her father . 一个女孩唯一可以依赖一生的男人就是她的
父亲。
I don’t think he is a reliable man. 我不认为他是一个可靠的人。
That he always failed to appear raises serious doubts as to his reliability. 他一直未露面，实在使人怀疑他是否可靠。
I was fed up with my old and unreliable car. 我受够我那辆又老又不可靠的车子了。 4. generous （adj.）慷慨的，宽宏大量的，丰盛的，味浓的 generousness (n.) 慷慨，宽大，丰富，肥沃 generosity (n.) 慷慨，大方
e.g. The generous man receives more than he gives. 大方的人得到的比给予的多。
If children live with sharing, they learn generosity. 如果生活在分享之中，孩子们将学会慷慨。
5. apology (n.) 道歉；勉强的替代物 apologize (v.) 道歉，谢罪
8