中考英语复习宝典（二十四）：中考英语首字母填空试题抓分技巧
首字母填空主要考查学生的语言综合运用能力，包括基础知识的掌握和运用，对整个文章逻辑关系的理解，在情景中辨析词义的能力以及词组短语搭配的使用能力。大部分同学认为首字母填空是中考英语卷中难度最大的考查项目。 从2008年上海市初中毕业生统一英语考试中考题各大题的得分情况来看，首字母填空（E篇）满分为16分，但全市平均分不到7分，通过率远远低于其他各大题。
如何提高首字母填空的解题能力的确值得我们思考，若仅仅以大量的训练来解决问题，不仅加重负担而且未必会取得好效果。同学们应该通过一些策略的运用来切实提高解题能力。 一、浏览全文，把握大意
首先要对文章内容有个总体把握。要通读首字母填空的短文，跳过空格快速阅读，了解全篇的主要内容。
其次要重视文中的主题句。首字母填空选用的短文一般不给标题，但短文的主题句，往往在每段文章的首句，有时也出现在文章的中间或结束处。主题句提供全篇的性质、大意等，这是深入了解全文的“窗口”。我们甚至能以主题句为立足点，从该句的时态、语气推测全文的主要内容。以2008年上海中考为例，文章开头是：Some people might to choose to live in a sleepy village beside woods and lakes, but others enjoy the bright lights and fast pace of the big city. Stephen and Marianna have got different stories. 显然，这篇文章要告诉我们城市和乡村的两种不同的生活方式。
再次，要利用语境进行联想。利用上下文的提示，用学过的知识和已有的生活经验，扫清部分词汇理解上的障碍。 二、熟记短语，注重语境
短语经常会出现在首字母填空的考题中，如果平时能注意词组、短语的整体记忆，掌握它们的搭配规律，在做首字母填空时就能得心应手，减少失误。另外，词语搭配也值得注意。从语法角度来说，句子不是词的序列，而是词组
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的序列。如：save the money(2008年中考)，have an interesting talk with（2007年中考），a few year ago(2006年中考)等。
但从历年中考的试题看，注重上下文的关系对解题显得更为重要。如2003年中考：They don’t think 13 is a lucky number. For example, they don’t like to live on the thirteenth floor。再如2005年中考：Some people say that reading is out of date. This is not true.....Reading is hardly out of date。而2008年中考同样考到：I live here with my husband Joe and our two children, Patrick, 11, and Abby, 8. 三、关注语法，合乎逻辑
语法知识对做好首字母填空十分重要。词汇根据语法规则确定各自的位置。如介词后的代词必然是宾格；物质名词一般不用复数；形容词必须放在不定代词后；行为动词的否定句和疑问句应由助动词do构成；情态动词只能与不带to的动词连用等。
如2008中考题：We feel isolated（孤立的）sometimes, too, especially since the nearest neighbors are almost 100 km away.填入的词逻辑根据为 near，语法根据为最高级，因为前一个词是the，后面是 100 km away。
再如2007中考题中they have chemicals which will make it difficult for you to sleep. 这里用到了句型sth. make it adj. for sb. to do sth.根据上下文关系只能是difficult了。
四、细心检查，避免疏漏
完成填空后，要细心检查每一个填空处是否有笔误或疏漏的地方。有些同学为自己全部填出了而沾沾自喜，常常不是少了s，就是忘了加ed，这是很可惜的。如2007中考：
However, if you have to get up and turn off the recorder when the music finishes, it won’t work.该句中涉及到表示将来的时间状语，应用一般现在时。由于music是单数，所以finish得加es。再如2008中考：
Of course, London, like any large city, has problems, too.很多学生都填了problem，漏加了s；再如2006年中考：
This added about an hour to my journey, so I was not happy.这里同学们如果能想到add已经很不容易，没加ed就非常可惜了。所以细心检查，反复回读，能够减少疏漏，提高首字母填空的正确率。
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以上策略是提高首字母填空答题正确率的有效手段。若能运用这些方法，加上克服不必要的恐惧心理，就一定能在中考的首字母填空中取得较好的成绩。
中考英语首字母填空专项练习题
例一
When the London Underground goes on strike, my journey to
work can be terrible. I remember a strike, which happened a few years a___1___the station near my house was closed and I had to use another station and take a different train. This a___2__about an hour to my journey, so I wasn’t very happy. E__3___went wrong at the station. People were late and they were panicking! By the time I go to the train, I was feeling upset and sorry for myself. Then I saw this man. There was something about him-he had such a familiar f___4__.A few minutes later, I realized that he was Jack, a fiend from my school days in Scotland.
At the same time he a___5___realized who I was. Then we started talking about school days and the people we both used to k___6___.I was even more surprised when the train came into my station and he started to get off too! I asked him w___7___he was going and he said he was going to work. He told me he worked in Fitzroy Street. You see, I work in Fitzroy Street, too. It’s a small w__8__! It was such an amazing coincidence!
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一
Do you know Sweden(瑞典)？It l 1 in the north of Europe．It is the fourth largest country in Europe with an a 2 of 450, 000 square kilometers and the population of about 8.5 million. Over one third of them live in the three largest cities, namely Stockholm, Goteborg and Malmo. More than half of Sweden is c 3 with trees. It is one of the r 4 countries in the world. About 100 years ago Sweden became industrialized(工业化). Today less than one third of the people are f 5 .
Sweden is the country where the famous Nobel Prizes are awarded. Many people who have been to Stockholm, the c 6 of Sweden, must have visited the places where Nobel Prizes are awarded.
The first language of Sweden is Swedish. English is the first f 7 language in schools. Many middle-school students can s 8 two to three languages. Most of the Swedish people，men and women, o 9 and young, can speak English. So there is no p 10 to speak with them in English． 二
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