中西文化习俗差异120例题
中国人在学习英语中很有必要弄清中西文化习俗上的差异。这很有利于正确理解英语文化和正确运用英语进行交际。本文列举120例说明中西文化习俗上的差异。
例题(1) and are students. A. You, I, he B. I, you, he C. He, you I D. You, he, I
析:英语人称代词的排列语序与汉语的排列语序不同。英语人称代词的排列语序是You, he, I。把第一人称“I”放在最后,以示礼貌谦虚。故此题的正确选项是D。但英语人称代词的复数排序同汉语一样。它们是We→you→they。
例题(2) will attend our meeting. A. Wang Uncle B. Uncle Wang C. Mr Wang D. Wang comade
析:英语中的称呼、地点、时间等排列语序与汉语的排列语序相反。e.g.Mr Smith(史密斯先生),Teacher Zhang(张老师),Room 307(307房间)。并且英语中的地点、时间是由小到大排列。e.g. Changan An Street Beijing China(中国北京长安街):At 8 o’clock on the morning of Oct, lst, 1998(1998年10月1日早上8点)。故此题的正确选项是B.C。 例题(3)A foreigner’s full name is John Henry Brown. We usually call him .
A. Mr John B. Mr Henry C. Mr Brown D. Mr John Brown
析:英语中的姓名排列语序与汉语的排列语序不同。e.g.Zhou Xiaoyan(周晓艳)(Zhou→family name, Xiao→first name, yan→second name, Xiaoyan→given names)
John Henry Brown(John→first name, Henry→middle name, John Henry→given names, Brown→family name)故此题的正确选项是C,D。
例题(4)When you leave your friends home at midnight, you had better say .
A. Good midnight B. good evening C. good night D. good-bye
析:外国人一般把晚上6点至10点称evening,10点以后称night。晚上10点以后与亲友告辞,均说good night, 表示晚安的意思。故此题的正确选项是C。
例题(5)When you write a letter to your father in English, you had better call,“ Father”.
A. Respectable B. Beloved C. Dear D. Loving
析:用英语给长辈、同辈或晚辈写信均用Dear so and so。故此题的正确选项是C。(用英语写信,称呼之后用逗号“,”,不用冒号“:”,年、月、日写在信的右上角。)
例题(6)When you write an envelope to a foreigner in English, you had better write the address of the name first on corner. A. receiver’s, left B. writer’s, right C. receiver’s, right D. writer’s, left
析:英文信封的写法同汉语信封的写法不一样。有以下两点注意:①收信人的姓名和地址应写在信封中央位置上。先写姓名,再写地址,通常用并列式。(每行左边开头)②写信人的姓名、地址写在信封的左上角或信封背面的口盖上,也是先写姓名,再写地址。姓名也可不写。故此题的正确选项是D。 例题(7) can have a kiss. A. Sweet-hearts B. Friends
C. Colleagues(同事) D. Husband and wife
析:外国人与关系不同的人见面时吻的部位不同。只对夫妻恋人才能互相接吻,一般朋友的吻脸;长辈对晚辈吻脑门;对女士贵夫人吻手背。(中国人见面往往是握手。)故此题的正确选项是A,D。 例题(8)When you want to talk with a foreigner, you had better begin it wih .
A. his name, age, salary, family B. his going C. weather D. current events(时事)
析:外国人与别人初次面谈,不喜欢别人问起姓名、年龄、工资及家事等。他们认为这些是个人私事(private things),不管你的事(It’s none of business.)以谈论天气或时事是对外国人开始谈话的最好话题。故
此题的正确选项是C,D。
例题(9)When someone is in hospital, you had better . A. do nothing B. send him a bunch of flowers C. see him very often D. do something for him
析:外国人住院需要安静,不喜欢别人送礼或去看望。他们视这些是对他们病情的干扰,妨碍他们休息和早日康复。故此题的正确选项是A。
例题(10)When you are invited to dinner party at 6:00, you had better arrive at .
A. 5:30 B. 6:00 C. 5:45 D. 6:10
析:外国人赴宴非常准点。早到晚到都是不礼貌。早到主妇要花时间招待。晚到或不能到均要事先电话通知主人。故此题的正确选项是B。 例题(11)When you have dinner at your friend’s home, you had better eat with . A. little politely, sticks B. much noisily, knives
C. best dishes happily, hands only
D. up all the dishes without noise,forks and knives
析:外国人待客很真诚。他们希望客人把桌上东西吃光,才高兴,主人才认为他们的菜做得可口。外国人无论喝汤,嚼食都不宜发出声音。碗盘不可端到嘴边。常用刀叉用餐。故此题的正确选项是D。 例题(12)When you have stayed at your guest’s home for several days