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[´ð] 20 ÒòΪ WR= QR= 600 J¡Á10 = 6.000 kJ

-1

ËùÒÔ ¦¤S = QR/T = 6000 J/300 K = 20 J¡¤K

18. 2 ·Ö

[´ð] µÈÎÂ; µÈѹ; ·â±ÕÌåϵ²»×öÆäËü¹¦; ¼õÉÙ (2·Ö) (2·Ö)

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[´ð] 7.88 (2·Ö)

Èý¡¢¼ÆËãÌâ ( ¹² 5Ìâ 40·Ö ) 20. 10 ·Ö

[´ð] (1) ¦¤subHm= RT 2¡Á2.303(dlg(pS/p)dT)

-1

= 35.71 kJ¡¤mol (2·Ö) (2) Tb= 298.7K (2·Ö)

(3) Òº¡¢¹ÌÕôÆøѹÏàµÈ½â³öÈýÏàµãµÄζȺÍѹÁ¦·Ö±ðΪ 260.0 K ºÍ 19130 Pa (3·Ö)

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(4) ¦¤fusHm= ¦¤subHm-¦¤vapHm= 7.89 kJ¡¤mol (3·Ö) $ ¦¤fusSm= 30.30 J¡¤K-1¡¤mol-1

21. 10 ·Ö

[´ð] (1)ÉèÖÕ̬ζÈΪT£¬ ÔònO2CV,m (T-283 K) = nN2CV,m (298 K-T) £¬ ½âµÃT = 293 K ÓÉÈÈ´«µ¼ÒýÆðµÄìØ±ä ¦¤S1= nO2CV,m ln(T/T1) +nN2CV,m ln(T/T2) = 2.48¡Á10-2 J¡¤K-1 ³éÈ¥¸ô°åµÄ»ìºÏìر䣺 ¦¤S2= -R¡Ænilnxi= 15.88 J¡¤K-1 ¦¤mix S = ¦¤S1+ ¦¤S2= 15.90 J¡¤K-1 (2)¦¤mix S = S2- S1= kln(?2/?1) ËùÒÔ ?1=exp(-1.15¡Á1024)¡Ö0

22. 10 ·Ö

[´ð] Q=0 ¦¤S=0 ¦¤S¸ôÀë=0 T2=297.0 K W= -¦¤U= -nCv,m(T2-T1)=4.126 kJ ¦¤H=nCp,m(T2-T1)=-5.776 kJ ¦¤F=¦¤U-S¦¤T=33.89 kJ ¦¤G=¦¤H-S¦¤T=32.24 kJ

23. 5 ·Ö

[´ð] ¦¤SÌå =

?T2T(1Cp/T)dT + (-¦¤

Tb= -110.4 J¡¤

K-1vapH)/ Q =?CpdT??vapH= -12.870 kJ (»ý·ÖÇø¼ä£º298.2 K µ½ 90.19 K) ¦¤S-1

»·= - Q/T»·= 922 J¡¤K ¦¤S×Ü= ¦¤SÌå+¦¤S»·= 811.6 J¡¤K-1

24. 5 ·Ö

[´ð] Wµç= ZFE = 2¡Á(1.10 V)¡Á(96 500 C¡¤mol-1) = 212.30 kJ¡¤mol-1 Q$-1R = ¦¤rH m+ Wµç= (-216.81+212.30) kJ¡¤mol = -4.51 kJ¡¤mol-1 (1·Ö)

(1·Ö)

(1·Ö) (1·Ö)

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(2·Ö) (1·Ö) (1·Ö)

(1·Ö)

¦¤rS m= QR/ T = -4.51¡Á103 J¡¤mol-1/ 298.15 K = - 15.13 J¡¤K-1¡¤mol-1 (1·Ö) ¦¤S»·¾³= 216.81¡Á103 J¡¤mol-1/298.15K

-1-1

= 727.18 J¡¤K¡¤mol (1·Ö) ¦¤S×Ü=¦¤rS +¦¤S»·¾³ = (-15.13+727.18) J¡¤K-1¡¤mol-1

-1-1

= 712.05 J¡¤K¡¤mol (1·Ö)

ËÄ¡¢ÎÊ´ðÌâ ( ¹² 3Ìâ 20·Ö ) 25. 10 ·Ö

[´ð] Éè H = f(T,p) $m$ dH = (?H/?T)pdT + (?H/?p)Tdp= 0

?J?T= (?T/?p)H = -(?H/?p)T/(?H/?T)p = -(?H/?p)T/Cp --------------------- (1) ÒòΪ dH = TdS+Vdp ËùÒÔ (?H/?p)T= T(?S/?P)T+ V = -T(?V/?T)p+ V = -(nRT/p) + V ---------------------(2) ½«(2)´úÈë(1)ʽ,ÔòµÃ£º ?J?T= -[-(nRT/p) + V] /Cp = -b/Cp,m

26. 5 ·Ö

[´ð] (a) (?Um/?Vm)T = T(?p/?T)V -p = a/V2m V2 (b) ¦¤Sm=?V(1?p/?T)VdVm=?2VmV(mR/Vm)dVm= Rln2

27. 5 ·Ö

[´ð] Éè¼ÆÈçÏ¿ÉÄæ¹ý³Ì£º ÒòΪÊÇ¿ÉÄæ¾øÈȹý³Ì£¬¹Ê

¦¤S = 0 = ¦¤S1+ ¦¤S2+¦¤S3 = n1Cp,m ln(T2/T1) + 0 + n¦¤subHm/T2 ½«ÉÏʽÕûÀíºó¿ÉµÃ£º n/n1= (Cp,m T2/¦¤subHm)ln(T1/T2)

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