all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and voted.
凡可在股东年会或临时股东大会采取的行为均可不必开会或不用事前通知而采取，只要经不少于最低投票数额的公开发行股票的股东在书面文书上签字提出，并授权或提交股东大会让所有有投票权的股东出席投票表决即可。
Unless the consents of all shareholders entitled to vote have been solicited in writing, notice of any shareholders approval, with respect to any one of the following proposals, without a meeting, by less than unanimous written consent shall be given at least ten (10) days before the consummation of the action authorized by such approval:
就下列任何提案，除非经所有有投票权的股东书面认可，任何未经股东全票赞同的不用开会即采取行为的通知，必须在该行为完成前十(10)天发出；
a. Approval of a contract or other transaction between the corporation and one or more of its directors or another corporation, firm or association in which one or more of its directors has a material financial interest, pursuant to Section 310 of the Massachusetts Corporations Code; 根据《马萨诸塞州公司法典》第310条规定，赞同公司与其一个或多个董事或赞同公司同与其一个或多个董事有重大利益关系的其他公司、商号或协会签署合同或从事业务；
b. To indemnify an agent of the corporation pursuant to Section 317 of the Massachusetts Corporations Code；
根据《马萨诸塞州公司法典》第317条对公司代理商进行赔偿；
c. To approve the principal terms of a reorganization，pursuant to Section 1201 of the Massachusetts Corporations Code；or
赞成按(马萨诸塞州公司法典)第1201条对公司进行重大调整；或
d. Approval of a plan of distribution as part of the winding up of the corporation pursuant to Section 2007 of the Massachusetts Corporations Code.
赞成按(马萨诸塞州公司法典)第2007条规定作为公司停业组成部分的分配方案。
Prompt notice shall be given of the taking of any other corporate action approved by shareholders without a meeting by less than a unanimous written consent to those shareholders entitled to vote who have not consented in writing.
任何不经开会即采取的公司行为，凡未经全体股东书面同意，必须立即通知那些有投票权但未曾书面赞同的股东。
Notwithstanding any of the foregoing provisions of this section, and except as provided in Article III, Section 4 of these bylaws, directors may not be elected by written consent except by the unanimous written consent of all shares entitled to vote for the election of directors.
尽管本款有以上各项规定，除本章程第三条第4款规定之外，如不经拥有所有选举董事权股份的股东一致书面同意，董事仍不得经书面赞同而当选。
A written consent may be revoked by a writing received by the corporation prior to the time that written consents of the number of shares required to authorize the proposed action have been filed with the secretary of the corporation but may not be revoked thereafter. Such revocation is effective upon its receipt by the secretary of the corporation. 书面赞同票可经向公司呈送文件而予以撤销，但文件必须在公司秘书收到拥有要求授权采取提议行为的规定股份的股东之书面同意之前呈送公司，过时则无法撤销。撤销生效时间以公司秘书收到文件时为准。
SECTION 8.QUORUM AND SHAREHOLDER ACTION 第8款法定人数和股东行为
A majority of the shares entitled to vote, represented in person or by proxy, shall constitute a
quorum at a meeting of shareholders. If a quorum is present, the affirmative vote of the majority of shareholders represented at the meeting and entitled to vote on any matter shall be the act of the shareholders, unless the vote of a greater number is required by law and except as provided in the following paragraphs of this section.
拥有半数以上具有表决权的股份的股东亲自出席或代理出席即构成股东大会的法定人数。如果大会达到法定人数,出席会议且就一切议题事项有权投票的股东半数以上投票赞成即构成股东大会决议，法律规定需更多票数或本款下面段落另有规定者除外。
The shareholders present at a duly called or held meeting at which a quorum is present may continue to transact business until adjournment notwithstanding the withdrawal of enough shareholders to leave less than a quorum, if any action is approved By at least a majority of the shares required to constitute a quorum.
出席合法召集或召开且达到法定人数的大会的股东，在出现与会股东退席而所剩者不足法定人数时仍可继续进行会议议程，除非遇到一项决议，其通过至少要求有持半数股份以上的股东以构成法定人数，此时则可休会。
In the absence of a quorum, any meeting of shareholders may be adjourned from time to time by the vote of a majority of the shares represented either in person or by proxy, but no other business may be transacted except as provided in the foregoing provisions of this section. 如果不能达到法定人数，任何股东大会均可经拥有半数以上股份且出席会议的股东(亲自或由人代理出席)表决而随时休会，但除此之外不得进行其他任何议题，本款以上作有规定的除外。
SECTION 9.VOTING 第9款投票
only shareholders of record on the record date fixed for voting purposes by the board of directors pursuant to Article VIII，Section 3 of these bylaws，or, it there be no such date fixed，on the record dates given below，shall be entitled to vote at a meeting.
只有在董事会按本章程第八条第3款确定的登记期限前登记的股东，或者，如果没有确定此种登记期限，在以下所规定的登记期限前登记的股东方可 有权在股东大会上投票。 H no record date is fixed： 如果没有确定登记期限：
a. The record date for determining shareholders entitled to notice of, or to vote, at a meeting of shareholders, shall be at the close of business on the business day next preceding the day on which notice is given or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the business day next preceding the day on which the meeting is held.
认定股东是否有权被通知参加股东大会或有权在大会投票的登记期限应为开会通知送出前的一天，一直到停业时间为止，如大会不用通知，则为开会前的一天，一直到停业时间为止。 b. The record date for determining the shareholders entitled to give consent to corporate actions in writing without a meeting, when no prior action by the board is necessary, shall be the day on which the first written consent is given.
认定股东是否有权在不开会且董事会不采取先行行为的情况下用书面文件同意公司行为的登记期限为收到第一份书面同意文件日期。
c. The record date for determining shareholders for any other purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the board adopts the resolution relating thereto, or the 60th day prior to the date of such other action, whichever is later.
因其他目的而认定股东的登记期限为董事会作出相关决议的那一天，一直到停业为止，或为采取该其他行为之前的第60天为止，两者中以最迟日期为准。
Every shareholder entitled to vote shall be entitled to one vote for each share held, except as otherwise provided by law, by the Articles of Incorporation or by other provisions of these bylaws. Except with respect to elections of directors, any shareholder entitled to vote may vote part of his or her shares in favor of a proposal and refrain from voting the remaining shares or vote them against the proposal. If a shareholder fails to specify the number of shares he or she is affirmatively voting, it will be conclusively presumed that the shareholder's approving vote is with respect to all shares the shareholder is entitled to vote,\\
凡有投票权的股东可按所持股份的数额每股投一张票，法律，公司章程或本章程附则其他条款另有规定的除外。除选举董事之外，任何有投票权的股东均可用他或她的部分股份投一提案的赞成票，而剩余的股份不投票或投反对票。如果一股东无法具体说明他或她用于投赞成票的股份的数额，则应确凿推定该股东的赞成投票包含了他所有的有投票权的股份。
At each election of directors, shareholders shall not be entitled to cumulate votes unless the candidates' names have been placed in nomination before the' commencement of the voting and a shareholder has given notice at the meeting, and before the voting has begun, of his or her intention to cumulate votes. If any shareholder has given such notice, then all shareholders entitled to vote may cumulate their votes by giving one candidate a number of votes equal to the number of directors to be elected multiplied by the number of his or her shares or by distributing such votes on the same principle among any number of candidates as he or she thinks fit. The candidates receiving the highest number of votes, up to the number of directors to be elected, shall be elected. Votes east against a candidate or which are withheld shall have no effect. Upon the demand of any shareholder made before the voting begins, the election of directors shall be by ballot rather than by voice vote.
每次选举董事，股东均无权累积选票，除非在投票开始前候选人已经被提名，且股东在投票开始之前已经通知大会他或她想累积选票。如果有一股东递交通知，则所有有投票权的股东均可以增加他或她的股份额或按同样原则，以将此种选票分投给他或她认为恰当的候选人的方式累积选票，使一位候选人所得的选票等同于当选董事的选票数。根据所选董事的数量，得选票最多的候选人将当选。反对票或弃权票无效。如有股东在投票前提出要求，董事选举得用投票而不是用口头赞成进行。 SECTION 10.PROXIES
第10款代理
Every person entitled to vote shares may authorize another person or persons to act by proxy with respect to such shares by filing a proxy with the secretary of the corporation. For purposes of these bylaws, a \means a written authorization signed or an electronic transmission authorized by a shareholder or the shareholder's attorney in fact giving another person or persons power to vote with respect to the shares of the shareholder. \these bylaws means the placing of the shareholder's name or other authorization on the proxy (whether by manual signature, typewriting, telegraphic, or electronic transmission or otherwise) by the shareholder or the shareholder's attorney in fact. A proxy may be transmitted by an oral telephonic transmission if it is submitted with information from which it may be determined that the proxy was authorized by the shareholder, or his or her attorney in fact.
任何拥有投票权股份的股东均可通过向公司秘书呈送委托书而授权其他一人或多人代理此
种股份投票。在本章程附则中，“委托书”是指业经签字的书面授权书或经股东或股东的律师授权的电子传送件，是将此股东的股份所附的投票权具体授予其他一人或多人的书面文件。在本章程附则中，“业经签字”是指在委托书(手书，打印、电报、电传或其他形式不论)上由股东或其律师签署股东的姓名或其他认可标记。如能提供材料，证实确为股东、或他或她的律师授权，亦可用电话进行口头委托。
A proxy shall not be valid after the expiration of eleven (11) months from the date thereof unless otherwise provided in the proxy. Every proxy shall continue in full force and effect until revoked by the person executing it prior to the vote pursuant thereto, except as otherwise provided in Section 705 of the Massachusetts Corporations Code.
委托书在签署十一(11)个月后即失效，委托书中另有规定者除外。委托书签署人可在委托投票前撤销委托，否则委托书将视为合法有效，《马萨诸塞州公司法典》第705条另有规定者除外。
ARTICLE III DIRECTORS
第三条董事会
SECTION 1.POWERS 第1款权力
Subject to any limitations in the Articles of Incorporation and to the provisions of the Massachusetts Corporations Code，the business and affairs of the corporation shall be managed and a11 corporate powers shall be exercised by，or under the direction of，the board of directors. 根据本公司章程和《马萨诸塞州公司法典》的各项规定，公司的业务及事务均由董事会管理，所有的公司权力均由董事会或按其指示行使。 SECTION 2.NUMBER
第2款数目
The authorized number of directors shall be
After issuance of shares, this bylaw may only be amended by approval of a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote; provided, moreover, that a bylaw reducing the fixed number of directors to a number less than five (5) cannot be adopted unless in accordance with the additional requirements of Article IX of these bylaws. 董事会的法定数额为 ________ 名。
股票发行后，本章程的修改必须经发行在外有半数以上投票权股份的股东赞成；此外，任何修改后的章程均不得将法定董事的数额降为五(5)人以下，本章程第四条附加规定的除外。 SECTION 3.ELECTION AND TENURE OF OFFICE、 第3款选举和任期\\
The directors shall be elected at the annual meeting of the shareholders and hold office until the next annual meeting and until their successors have been elected and qualified。
董事必须经股东大会年会选举产生，任期到第二年年会新的董事被选出任命为止。 SECTION 4. VACANCIES 第4款空缺
A vacancy on the board of directors shall exist in the case of death , resignation, or removal of any director or in case the authorized number of directors is increased, or in case the shareholders fail to elect the full authorized number of directors at any annual or special meeting of the shareholders at which any director is elected. The board of directors may declare vacant the office of a director who has been declared of unsound mind by an order of court or who has been convicted of a felony.