if it is wrong to double market prices by imposing a tariff on a particular good, why is it acceptable to increase prices tenfold on the basis of an intellectual property right? It is well known that things like software and pharmaceuticals are many, many times more expensive when protected by IP rights than when subjected to competition in the free market. If it is good for the free market to determine prices — and economists say it is — then surely intellectual property rights in their current form must go. Key Word:
tariff: a tax the government charges on goods that enter or leave their country
参考译文：
“市场价”被我打了引号是有原因的。知识产权有个肮脏的小秘密：知识产权不参与自由市场竞争。如果你读过报纸的财经版，你会知道像进口关税这样的保护主义政策对经济不利，因为他们破坏了自由市场价格。但是知识产权同样破坏自由市场价格，而且程度上要严重得多。想想看，如果对某样商品征收关税并使其市场价格提高一倍是不对的，那么为什么以知识产权的名义让价格变成十倍就被认可了呢？众所周知，当受到知识产权保护而不是任其在自由市场中竞争时，软件和药品这类产品的价格要高上许多倍。经济学家说让自由市场决
定价格大有益处，如果是这样，现行的知识产权保护制度必须改变。 Reading J So next time you hear intellectual property rights justified in terms of innovation, try this little translation to get the real meaning: “In fact, I don’t mind less innovation, just so long as I can buy a new Porsche. Would you and your friends be kind enough to pay for it?”
参考译文：
所以下次你听到有人以创新的名义大谈知识产权时，转转脑子，你就会明白他的真实意图：“实际上，我才不管有没有创新，只要我能买新款保时捷就行了。你们能不能为我付钱？”
Reading-Understanding the Text Part A: Comprehending the Text Answer the following questions.
1.Texts 1 and 2 have no titles. To give Text 1 a title, tick the answer and then write your chosen title on the line provided at the beginning of Text1:
□Stealing in Southeast Asia
□Marketing Western Products in Southeast Asia
√Copyright Abuse in Southeast Asia □
□The Heavy Cost of Investing in Southeast Asia Now do the same for Text 2.
□Making Ideas Available to All □Innovation and Protection □The Truth About Market Share
√The Problems with Intellectual Property Rights □
2. What kinds of arguments are presented in the two texts?
□balanced arguments □objective arguments □defensive arguments √one-sided arguments □
3. Read the first text again quickly to decide what kind of organization it has.
√problem > example of problem > example of problem > solution □to problem
□cause > effect > cause > effect
□problem > comparison > contrast > solution to problem □situation > explanation of situation > argument > argument 4. Now read the second text again quickly to decide what kind of organization it has.
□problem > example of problem > example of problem > solution
to problem
□cause > effect > cause > effect
□problem > comparison > contrast > solution to problem √situation > explanation of situation > argument > argument □
5. Why is the author of the first text’s attitude to Southeast Asia so negative? Complete the sentence.
The author’s attitude is very negative, because some Asian countries insisted on receiving full details of imported production processes, which they could then use to copy and sell the products of these processes. 6. Why is the author of the second text’s attitude to intellectual property rights so negative? Complete the sentence.
The author’s attitude is negative because protecting intellectual property slows down innovation.
Part B: Identifying Main Points
Each of the ten statements below contains information given in one of the sections in the text. Each section is marked with a letter. Identify the section from which the information is derived. More than one statement may refer to the same section.
E1. International companies need to maintain copyright checks to □
safeguard their products.