广州英语七年级-八年级语法归纳 - 图文

主语 Eating too much is bad for your health. 谓语动词用单数形式。 吃得太多对你的健康有害。 宾语 动词I like playing basketball very much.我非表示一般的习惯或抽象宾语 常喜欢打篮球。 行为或经常性的动作。 Stamps are used for sending letters.邮票是 介词被用来寄信的。 宾语 表语 His hobby is collecting stamps. 多数情况下,动名词作=Collecting stamps is his hobby. 表语可转化成作主语。 定语 She is in the reading room.她在阅览室。 只表明它所修饰的词的We should improve our teaching methods.用途、所属关系等。置我们应该改进教学方法。 于所修饰词之前。 注意:英语中有一些词后面常跟动名词作宾语。我们初中阶段常见的有:finish, mind, be worth, be busy, practice, have fun, have trouble/problem(in), spend...(in), feel like, be used to(习惯于), give up, keep on, consider, suggest, can't help。我们可按下面的顺口溜记忆这些词。

完成实践值得忙(finish, practice, be worth, be busy) 继续习惯别放弃(keep on, be used to, give up)

考虑建议不禁想(consider, suggest, can't help, feel like) 喜欢思念要介意(enjoy, miss, mind) C.动词不定式

一、动词不定时的构成

不定时的基本形式为:to+动词原形,有时可以不用to,这里的to 是不定式符号,本身无词义,动词不定式的否定形式是not+(to+)动词原形。

二、动词不定式的句法功能 功例句 说明 能 To speak English is not easy for us=It is not 作主语用的不定式,常常用it作主easy for us to speak English. 讲英语对我们形式主语,而把不定式放在后语 来说不容易。 面。 My work is to clean the room everyday.=To 多数情况下,不定式作表语,可表clean the room every day is my work. 我的转换作为主语。 语 工作就是每天打扫这间屋子。 —What sports does he like to play?他喜欢做只能做某些动词的宾语,一般不宾什么运动? 作介词的宾语。 语 —He likes to play basketball.他喜欢打篮球。 My mother made me play the piano all the 在make,let,see,hear,watch宾time. 等使役、感官动词后,不定式省补 我妈妈让我一直弹钢琴。 略to。 定Have you got anything to say? 你有要说的不定式作定语,要放在所修饰词语 吗? 的后面。 I'm sorry to trouble you.(表原因)很抱歉,不定式作状语,其逻辑主语要和状给你添麻烦了。 句子的主语一致。 语 I went to the library to study English.(表目的) 1. 不定式作主语 动词不定式作主语时,常用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语放在句末 其结构为:It+be+adj.(+ for/ of sb.)+动词不定式 如:To learn English well is useful.→ It is useful to learn English well. It?s important for us to protect the environment.

注意:在kind,good,nice,clever等表示人的品质的形容词后,不用for而用of。如:

It's very kind of you to help me. 你帮助我真是太好啦。

It's very clever of you to do like that. 你那样做真是太聪明啦。 2. 不定式作宾语

① 有些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语,常见的这类词是表示命令、打算或希望的,如:

would like, like, want, wish, hope, decide, plan, expect等。如: Would you like to see a film this evening? 你今晚想去看电影吗?

②在find, think后跟不定式作宾语时,常用it代替,而将真正的宾语放在后面。如:

I find it easy to read English every day. ③常见的一些不带to的动词不定式

Why not do...,Why don't you do..., had better(not)do..., would rather do, could/would/will you please(not)do...

I would rather stay in the room.我宁愿待在房间里。 3. 不定式作宾语补足语

不定式作宾语补足语时与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。如: Lucy asked him to turn down the radio. 露西让他关小收音机。

tell, ask, want, allow, get, would like, encourage后常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语。如: My mother encourages me to learn Japanese. 我妈妈鼓励我学日语。

注意:还有一些使役动词和感官动词也用不定式作宾补,这时不定式要省略to。

这些动词有: 一感(feel)、二听(hear, listen to)、三让(let, make, have)、四看(look at, see, watch, notice)。但变被动语态时,必须加上to。如:

My friends were made to work the whole night by the boss. 老板让我的朋友们工作了一整夜。 4. 不定式作定语

①不定式作定语时,应放在名词之后。它与名词有逻辑上的动宾关系。

②如果是不及物动词,且与所修饰的词之间有动宾关系,要在不定式后加上适当的介词。

There is nothing to worry about. 没有什么可担心的。 5.不定式常和疑问词what, which, when, where, how连用,相当于一个宾语从句。如:

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