毕业设计（论文） 汽车后桥壳镗孔车端面专用机床设计-花键轴的三维实体设计 Car rear axle shell boring and facing the special machine tool design - spline shaft of the three-dimensional entity
design
ABSTRACT
Automotive rear axle shell is an important part of it and the main reducer, differential and wheel gear drive axle.Drive axle at the end of the power transmission system, the motor function is increased by the shaft or transmission of torque, and power reasonable distribution to the left and right driving wheels, another car is important to drive axle bridge shell ChengZaiJian and force.Drive axle bridge shell weight bearing cars, not only the load transfer to the wheels, but also bear the wheels passed by the driver of the traction and braking force, lateral force, vertical force of reaction force and the torque, and the suspension to the frame or body.In the process of the car, because the road conditions go, bridge shell is between the wheel and the ground impact load, the influence of the bridge housing may cause deformation or fracture.Drive axle shell, therefore, should have sufficient strength, stiffness and good dynamic characteristics, reasonably design and manufacture of drive axle casing is important measures to improve the stability of car, car rear axle shell is widely used in various types of vehicles. The automobile rear axle shell designed special machine can be widely used in the truck rear axle shell processing, plays a role of protection and support of rear axle shell, its main processing surface for the transverse plane, cylindrical, flange plane, spring seat and inner hole, etc.
The design content mainly includes the parts machining process planning for a given specification, design, mechanical processing route, the design of
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毕业设计（论文） 汽车后桥壳镗孔车端面专用机床设计-花键轴的三维实体设计
automobile rear axle shell production machine, combining with the given detail drawing of the spindle box spline shaft to do 3 d entity design.Combining with the characteristics of the design of parts, completed in the design process planning, a set of special machine tool, the three-dimensional entity spline shaft.Through to the automobile rear axle shell parts processing and special study and design of machine tool, you can better learn and master the modern mechanical design and processing of comprehensive knowledge and skills.
Key words: Automobile driving axle shells, mechanical processing, process planning, spline shaft
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毕业设计（论文） 汽车后桥壳镗孔车端面专用机床设计-花键轴的三维实体设计
汽车后桥壳镗孔车端面专用机床设计-花键轴
的三维实体设计
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0、汽车后桥发展趋势
0.1、我国汽车后桥制造业的现状及发展趋势
我国丰富的原材料资源为后桥壳体国产化提供了坚实的基础。针对国产原材料的特点，研制一套相适应的生产技术及工艺，保证国产化产品满足高质量的要求。后桥在驱动系中的重要地位决定了国内各汽车生产厂家都建有自己的后桥生产线，这样，可以在保证整机质量的前提下，尽可能的降低成本，提高竞争力。
多年来，以国产原材料为基础，研制成功了适合于我国国情的、成熟实用的、并具有国际先进水平的成套工艺工装技术，生产出高质量后桥，不仅成为一些引进汽车零件的替代品，而且还出口到日本、美国、英国等发达国家[10]。
我国汽车驱动桥的研究设计与世界先进驱动桥设计技术还有一定的差距，我国车桥制造业虽然有一些成果，但都是在引进国外技术、仿制、再加上自己改进的基础上了取得的[11]。个别比较有实力的企业，虽有自己独立的研发机构但都处于发展的初期。在科技迅速发展的推动下，高新技术在汽车领域的应用和推广，各种国外汽车新技术的引进，研究团队自身
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毕业设计（论文） 汽车后桥壳镗孔车端面专用机床设计-花键轴的三维实体设计
研发能力的提高，我国的驱动桥设计和制造会逐渐发展起来，并跟上世界先进的汽车零部件设计制造技术水平。目前驱动桥壳的有限元分析方法被广泛应用，只要确定了单元的力学特性，就可以按照结构分析的方法求解，使分析过程大为简化，配以计算机就可以解决许多解析法无法解决的复杂工程问题[12]。此外，电子智能控制技术已经在汽车业得到了快速发展，如：现代汽车上使用的ABS(制动防抱死控制)、ASR（驱动力控制系统）等系统[13]。
0.2、汽车后桥壳体的构造及性能要求
后桥壳体的主体是一根圆柱形棒体，它与主减速器、差速器和车轮传动装置组成驱动桥。驱动桥处与动力传动系的末端，其机动功能是增大由传动轴或变速器传来的转矩，并将动力合理的分配给左、右驱动轮，另外还承受作用于路面和车架或车身之间的垂直力、纵向力和横向力[14]。结构及特点：连接主减速器传递动力，支撑差速器及半轴实现俩车轮差速转动；尺寸比较大，主要承受载荷[15]。
重点要保证桥壳的强度和刚度性能，便于安装、调整和维修。另外外形尺寸要小，保证有必要的离地间隙。在各种转速和载荷下具有高的传动效率。在保证足够的强度、刚度条件下，应力求质量小，尤其是簧下质量应尽量小，以改善汽车平顺性与悬架导向机构运动协调，对于转向驱动桥，还应与转向机构运动相协调。结构简单，加工工艺性好，制造容易[16]。
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