B. A kid who is keen on animal watching.
C. A zoo-worker who is responsible for visitors’ safety. D. A doctor who specializes in animals’ health. 【答案】60. C 61. C 62. A 【解析】
本文属于说明文，介绍了五种动物成长的特点。 【60题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段This lasting-relationship seems to increase a pup’s chance of survival; if mom dies, a young male (under 30) is three times more likely to die than a peer whose mother is alive.可知，持久的关系能够增加小逆戟鲸的存活率，如果母逆戟鲸死了的话，小逆戟鲸的死亡风险会增加三倍，故可知，逆戟鲸的责任最大，故选C。 【61题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段But luckily she only has to pull them for a few days.可知，母狼蛛只需要背负这些小狼蛛几天时间，故可以得出小狼蛛成年只需要很短的时间，故选C。 【62题详解】
推理判断题。本文介绍了五种动物成长的特点，故可知，对动物成长感兴趣的人对本文感兴趣，故选A。
(C)
As advances in auto-technology have placed a huge number of self-driving machines on our roads and sidewalks, a side product has materialized in recent years: robot-babysitting.
In Phoenix, human attendants will remotely monitor Google’s upcoming Waymo robot-taxis, using the cars cameras to evaluate and adapt to passenger or road challenges. State safety regulations typically require that auto-vehicles be accompanied at all times by humans. These professionals’ job titles range from “robot handler” to “safety driver,” but they have essentially the same responsibilities: monitoring robot behavior for safety and performance, and answering questions about the technology. Broadly speaking, robot-babysitting jobs fall under the umbrella of careers in automation, which include maintenance, engineering, and
- 25 -
programming.
However, some observers note that certain kinds of robot-babysitting –-- the kind that is boring and doesn’t require much education –-- can make for thankless work. The safety drivers who sit in self-driving cars have described their roles as“exhausting” and “demanding,” and many told me about the constant pressure to stay vigilant at all times. “It’s incredibly hard to sit in a chair and stare at a computer without doing anything for eight hours,” Ramsey said. “But you do not need a Ph.D. to do it.” In March 2018, the field of robot babysitting took a beating when a self-driving Uber in Tempe, Arizona, hit a 49-year old named Elaine Herzberg. Dashcam footage showed that Rafaela Vasquez, the car’s safety driver, had not been looking at the road when the accident occurred. Investigators are deciding if Vasquez will be charged with murder.
According to the McKinsey Global Institute, 10 million to 800 million jobs globally could be lost to automation by 2030. In the long term, it’s inevitable that robot-babysitters will go the way of elevator operators and lamplighters. But they’ll also birth new robot-related roles.“A huge number of jobs will be created as auto-vehicles are loosed into the environment,” Ramsey said. In 2016, Bosch started training students from Schoolcraft College, a community college in Michigan, in auto-vehicle repair: Toyota has trained students in maintenance as well. “We might even see a return to low-level jobs where people come and fuel the car for you,”Ramsey said. “Until we can wirelessly charge, someone needs to refuel them.” The hardest-to-automate industries, as it happens, are the ones that require looking after humans: childcare, education, health-care aides. Robot babysitters might feel like they have gained the job of the future. But in fact, real babysitters might be better positioned.
63. Robot-babysitting jobs do NOT include _______________. A. answering the questions about the technique. B. observing the certain kinds of the robot-babysitter. C. monitoring the potential problems of the auto-vehicles. D. maintaining the vehicles which are out of order.
- 26 -
64. The underlined word “vigilant” most probably means “.” A. grateful
B. suspicious
C. fit
D. alert
65. According to Ramsey, what will happen when auto-vehicles are released into the market?
A. A lot of opportunities will be created. B. A large number of people will be out of work. C. Auto-vehicles will become much cheaper. D. Many people will turn to buying auto-cars. 66. What’s this passage mainly about? A. The Rise and Fall of Robot Babysitters. B. The Future of Auto-Vehicles.
C. The Life and Employment of the Future. D. The Position of Robot Babysitters. 【答案】63. B 64. D 65. A 66. A 【解析】 【分析】
本文属于新闻，介绍无人驾驶科技的兴起会产生新的职业，机器人保姆，专门维护和管理机器人，但是由于其强度大，因此门槛低，因为无人驾驶科技的兴起，导致很多职业消失了，但是也会创造出很多新的职业。 【63题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段These professionals’ job titles range from “robot handler” to “safety driver,” but they have essentially the same responsibilities: monitoring robot behavior for safety and performance, and answering questions about the technology. Broadly speaking, robot-babysitting jobs fall under the umbrella of careers in automation, which include maintenance, engineering, and programming.可知，机器人保姆有着相同的责任，比如监视安全和运行，回答关于技术的问题，机器人保姆，从广义上来讲，包含了维护，工程以及编程，故选B。 【64题详解】
词义猜测题。根据本段It’s incredibly hard to sit in a chair and stare at a computer without doing anything for eight hours可知，在椅子上做八个小时，只能盯着电脑屏幕，
- 27 -
故可知随时保持警惕，故选D。 【65题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段A huge number of jobs will be created as auto-vehicles are loosed into the environment,” Ramsey said.可知，当自动驾驶汽车投入市场的话，会创造很多新的工作，故选A。 【66题详解】
主旨大意题。介绍无人驾驶的兴起会产生新的职业，机器人保姆，专门维护和管理机器人，但是由于其强度大，因此门槛低，因为无人驾驶的兴起，导致很多职业消失了，但是也会创造出很多新的职业，故选A。
【点睛】主旨大意题的做题技巧。这类试题要求对文章的整体或局部（如段落）进行分析、概括，归纳相关部分的中心大意(Main idea)，选择标题(title)，判断作者的写作目的(purpose)等，旨在考查考生加工与浓缩信息的能力。这一项考查的是文章的灵魂与中心。记叙文、议论文常考文章的主旨大意。一般主旨大意常出现在文章的开头，有时也出现在结尾。当然更重要的是从全文去把握。首先，任何一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的，因此，许多文章中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词。抓住了它，便容易抓住文章的中心。第二，要搞清是问某一段还是全文的大意。可利用段落信息来把握文脉，进行综合归纳，概括文章的主题。如有标题，标题中的蕴含的信息往往是关键信息。第三: 要学会借助文章的结构来把握中心思想。段落中心思想常常由主题句( Topic sentence)来表达。主题句常常出现在段首(60%--90%)或段尾处, 有时也在段落中间。同样, 一篇文章的中心思想也常常在开始段或结尾段点出。因此, 在阅读中, 我们要对文章的开始段和结尾段及段落的主题句给予特别的注意。
小题4，介绍无人驾驶科技的兴起会产生新的职业，机器人保姆，专门维护和管理机器人，但是由于其强度大，因此门槛低，因为无人驾驶科技的兴起，导致很多职业消失了，但是也会创造出很多新的职业，故选A。
Section C
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
The North Star
Among the pile of stars in the universe, there are a couple that are of great
- 28 -