c. have/get sth. done 要别人做… , 遭遇到… d. have sth. to do 有某事要做 (主语自己做) e. have sth. to be done 有某事要做 (让别人去做) a. The soldier had the boy stand with his back to his father. I got the worker to make me a big box.
b. Why did you have your child crying so long last night? c. Have you had your radio fixed? You’d better get that bad tooth pulled out. My bedroom had its window broken by a stone. d. I have no pen to write with.
e. I’m going to town. Have you got any letter to be posted?
26. a. Would you mind if I did sth. ? (我做某事,询问对方是否有意见) Do you mind if I do sth. ? (同上)
b. Would / Do you mind doing sth. ? (要对方做某事, 询问对方是否有意见) Would / Do you mind my doing sth. ?(我做某事, 询问对方是否有意见) a. Would you mind if I sat here? / Do you mind if I sit here? No, not at all. b. Would you mind closing the door? Do you mind my sitting here ?
27. a. Would / Will / Can / Could you (please) do sth. ? (请求对方做某事) b. Won’t you (please) do sth. ? (请求对方做某事) c. I wonder if you could do sth. (请求对方做某事)
d. Do sth., will you ? = Please do sth. /Do sth. please.) (请对方做某事) e. Don’t do sth., will you ? = Please don’t do sth. / Don’t do sth., please . (请对方不做某事)
a. Could you please lend your dictionary to me? Will you say it again ? b. Won’t you sit down?
c. I wonder if you could lend me your pen.
d. Have him wait outside the room, will you ? = Please have him wait outside the room. Be careful next time, will you ?
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e. Don’t be late for the meeting, will you ? = Please don’t be late for the meeting. 28. Let’s (not) do sth., shall we ? = Shall we (not) do sth.? (提出建议) Let’s go and say good-bye to him, shall we ? Let’s not make so much noise here, shall we? c.f. Shall I go and ask him for help ? (征求对方意见) Let us stay here for the night, will you ? (提出请求) 29. Excuse me for doing sth. = I’m sorry for doing sth. (表示抱歉) Excuse me for interrupting you.
Excuse me for not having answered your letter earlier. 30. a. Thank you (very much) for sth. / doing sth. (表示感谢) b. Thanks (a lot) for sth. / doing sth. (表示感谢) c. It’s very kind of you to do sth. (表示感谢) a. Thank you for your help.
b. Thanks a lot for having given me so much help. c. It’s very kind of you to come and tell me all this. 31. a. be sure of / about sth. (对某事有把握或确信无疑)
b. Sb. is sure / certain (that) – clause (主语对从句内容有把握) c. be sure to do sth. 肯定会做某事 d. It is certain that – clause 肯定…… a. I’m sure of his success / honesty.
He was not too sure about some of the idioms. b. I’m sure/certain that he will succeed.
c.f. I’m not sure whether he will succeed / where I left my umbrella. c. You are sure to get a warm welcome there. d. It is certain that he will succeed.
32. a. It takes sb. 时间 to do sth. 做某事花费某人(时间) b. It takes … for sb. to do sth. 某人做某事需要 …… a. It took them five years to build the dam across the river.
b. It took patience and imagination for her to teach the deaf-blind child.
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be / have / know / contain …（状态动词） 33. a. happen (not) to be doing sth. 碰巧…, 正好… have done sth. b. It happens that-clause. 碰巧…, 正好…
a. He happened not to be at home that day. (=He didn’t happen to be at home that day.) He happened to be cooking when I went in. She happened to have left the day before. b. It happened that he was cooking when I went in. It happened that she had left the day before.
be / have / know / contain… 34. a. seem / appear to be doing sth. 好像… , 似乎… have done sth. b. It seems / appears that-clause. a. Our teacher seems to know everything.
They appear to be quarrelling with each other about something. b. It seems / appears that our teacher knows everything.
It appears that they are quarrelling with each other about something. 35. a. It seems / appears to sb. that-clause. 在某人看来好像…… b. It seems / appears as if-clause. 看来好像……似的 a. It seemed to the emperor that the people were right. b. It seems as if it is going to rain. c.f. It appears as if it were going to rain.
It seemed that the teacher was / were trying to teach his students everything he knew. 36. a. There is no doubt that-clause. / No doubt that-clause. 毫无疑问… ; 确实… b. It is no wonder that-clause. / No wonder that-clause. …不足为奇; 难怪… a. There can be no doubt that our life today is much better than before. No doubt that we had a pleasant time last Sunday. b. It is no wonder that he know s so much about it. 37. a. This is because-clause. 这是因为…… b. That is why-clause. 这就是……的原因
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a. She didn’t do her homework. This is because she was busy nursing a sick classmate. b. That is why we should first pay attention to speech in learning a foreign language. This is why we decided to put off the meeting.
38. a. It was / will be … before-clause. 过了…才…; 要过…才… It wasn’t / won’t be … before-clause. 没过…就…; 过不了…就会… b. It is / has been … since-clause. 自从…以来已经有… a. It was 20 years before he found his lost child. It will be a long time before he returns from abroad. It wasn’t long before the whole country rose up.
b. It is 3 hours since he went to town. (=He has been in town for 3 hours.)
It has been five years since she started to learn English. (=She has learned English for 5 years. ) 39. It is / was + 被强调成分(主, 宾, 状) + that + 句子其它部分 . (强调句型) (Tom came back home at 11 o’clock last night.) It was at 11 o’clock that(不可换when) Tom came back home last night. (c.f. It was 11 o’clock when Tom came back home.)
It was Tom that(可换who) came back home at 11 o’clock last night. （The driver stopped to pick the old man up.）
It was the old man that(可换whom) the driver stopped to pick up. (It will be possible to persuade him to join us only in this way.) It is only in this way that it will be possible to persuade him to join us. (C.f. Only in this way will it be possible to persuade him to join us.) (He didn’t fall asleep until 12 o’clock.) It was not until 12 o’clock that he fell asleep. (c.f. Not until 12 o’clock did he fall asleep.)
40. a. It is + adj. + that-clause. （真正的主语是that-clause, It是形式主语）
b. It is said / reported / thought / hoped / believed / announced that-clause (It是形式主语, 真正的主语是that-clause)
c. It is important / necessary / strange / right / unusual / surprising / remarkable / suggested / ordered / demanded that-clause .(should+原形动词, should 可省略, 真正的主语是that-clause, it是形式主语.)
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