Lecture example — bond issued at a premium 溢价发行债券：
Lake company issues bonds on Jan 1, 2007, with a face value of $500,000 to be paid in 10 years at a 8% coupon rate of interest payable semiannually. The market interest is 6% when the bonds issued. （effective rate 3%, n=20）
[答疑编号811070105]
Present value of principal repayment=277,000 Present value of interest payments=294,540 Present value of future cash flows=574,540 Premium =574,540-500,000=74,540
Dr：Cash 574,540 Cr：Bonds （par value） 500,000 Premium on bonds 74,540 Dr：Interest expense 17,236 Premium on bonds 2,764
Cr：Cash 20,000 Dr：Interest expense 17,153 Premium on bonds 2,846
Cr：Cash 20,000
Lecture example 2— bond issued at a discount 折价发行债券
Lake company issues bonds on Jan 1, 2007, with a face value of $500,000 to be paid in 10 years and a 8% coupon rate of interest payable semiannually. The market interest is 10% when the bonds issued. （effective rate 5%, n=20）
[答疑编号811070106]
Present value of principal repayment=188,500 Present value of interest payments=249,240 Present value of future cash flows = 473,740 Discount =500,000－473,740=26,260 Dr：Cash at bank 437,740 Discount on bonds 26,260
Cr：Bonds payable 500,000 Dr：Interest expense 21,887 Cr：Discount on bonds 1,887 Cash 20,000 Dr：Interest expense 21,981 Cr：Discount on bonds 1,981 Cash 20,000
第八讲 所有者权益 Owner’s equity
本讲要点：本章主要讲解所有者权益（Owner’s equity）中涉及到的英文术语和常见的题目背景及处理方式。主要知识点：股票发行、股利支付、资本公积、每股收益。
1.Owner’s equity 所有者权益 ·equity n. 股东的权益〔拼写上注意与equal（平等的，相等的）相区别〕 owners’equity=Assets-liabilities shareholders’equity，就是股东权益 share 一份
shareholder 股东
stock 存货，也表示股票的意思 stockholder 股东
2.Rights of shareholders 股东的权利 ·voting rights 选举权 vote n. v. 投票，表决 e.g.Generally, each share represents one vote.
Shares without voting rights 无表决权的股票 ·Dividends right 股利分配权 Declare dividend 宣布股利 Pay dividend 支付股利 ·Claim rights on liquidation 清算参与权 Liquidation v.清算 residual claim
residual 残余的，剩余的 priority claim 优先权 ·Preemptive rights 优先购股权
3.Composition of owners’equity 所有者权益的构成 ·实收资本：Paid-in capital/paid-up capital/contributed capital
Contribute v. 贡献
Capital stock/capital share 股本
（preference shares/preferred shares, common/ordinary shares）（优先股，普通股） ·Additional paid-in capital 附加投入资本， 资本公积 capital reserve ·Retained earnings 留存收益 undistributed profit 未分配利润 4.Capital share 股本 ·Outstanding shares 发行在外的股票 ·preference/preferred shares 优先股 common/ordinary shares 普通股 ·Authorized shares 核定股票 ·Issued shares 已发行的股票
Outstanding shares 发行在外的股票
Treasury shares 库藏股（我国会计准则中叫库存股） ·par value （pv） 票面价值 no par value （npv）无票面价值 e.g.The company issued 500 common shares, par value $1.00. The company issued 500 common shares, no par value.
The company issued 500 common par value shares at the price in excess of par. 公司溢价发行了500股普通股。 Lecture example 1:
①ABC company issued 10,000 common shares, par value $2.00, for cash of $5 per share. ABC公司以每股5美元的价格发行了10 000股面值为2美元的普通股。 [答疑编号811080101] Dr Cash 50,000
Cr Common shares 20,000
Cr Capital reserve in excess of par, common share 30,000
②ABC company issued 10,000 common shares, no par value, for cash of $5 per share. ABC公司以每股5美元的价格发行了10,000股无面值的普通股。 [答疑编号811080102]
Dr Cash 50,000 Cr Common shares 50,000 5.dividend股利 ·Cash dividends现金股利 Lecture example 2:
①The board of directors of ABC company declared a 50 cents per share cash dividend on 100,000 shares of common shares. [答疑编号811080103]
The date of declaration 宣布股利的时候: Dr dividends 50,000 Cr dividends payable 50,000 The date of payment 支付股利的时候： Dr Dividends payable 50,000
Cr cash 50,000
年底，股票账户结转到留存收益： Dr Retained earnings 50,000
Cr dividends 50,000
【注意】这里英文处理与中文处理有不同之处。 ·Stock dividends 股票股利
②A company has a balance of $200,000 in retained earnings and 5,000 shares of $10 par value common shares. The current fair market value of its stock is $15 per share. Assuming that the corporation declares a 10% stock dividend, please write the entry to record this transaction at the declaration and payment date. [答疑编号811080104]
Common shares to be distributed=5,000*$10*10%=5,000 Capital reserve in excess of par=5,000*$5*10%=2,500 The date of declaration 宣布股利的时候:
Dr retained earning 7,500 Cr common shares to be distributed 5,000 Cr capital reserve in excess of par 2,500 The date of payment 支付股利的时候：
Dr Common shares to be distributed 5,000
Cr Common shares 5,000 6.EPS: earnings per share 每股收益 ·earnings per share/earnings per common share ·potential common shares 潜在普通股 ·每股收益的计算分为两种: 基本每股收益（basic earnings per share），稀释每股收益（diluted earnings per share）。 ·计算公式：
基本每股收益=普通股股东的当期净利润÷发行在外普通股的加权平均数. Basic EPS= net profit for the reporting period÷weighted average number of outstanding common shares
发行在外普通股加权平均数=期初发行在外普通股股数+当期新发行普通股股数×已发行时间÷报告期时间-当期回购普通股股数×已回购时间÷报告期时间
Weighted average number of common shares=ordinary shares outstanding at start of year+（ordinary shares issued during year, weighted by number of days）（-ordinary shares bought back during year, weighted number of days） Lecture example 2:
At the beginning of 2007, ABC company had 100,000 outstanding common shares. On July 1, 2007 the company issued 3,000 common shares and bought back 1,000 on Oct. 1, 2007. The net profit for the year was 400,000.Please calculate the earnings per share of 2007. [答疑编号811080105]
Weighted average number of common shares =100,000×12/12+3,000×6/12－1,000×3/12=101,250 EPS=400,000÷101,250=3.95