very small arc. Moreover, this invention allowed the use of a long pendulum which could beat once a second and thus led to the development of a new floor-standing case design, which became known as the grandfather clock. H Today, highly accurate timekeeping instruments set the beat for most
electronic devices. Nearly all computers contain a quartz-crystal clock to regulate their operation. Moreover, not only do time signals beamed down from Global Positioning System satellites calibrate the functions of precision navigation
equipment, they do so as well for mobile phones, instant stock-trading systems and nationwide power-distribution grids. So integral have these time-based technologies become to day-to-day existence that our dependency on them is recognised only when they fail to work.
Reading Passage 1 has eight paragraphs, A-H. Which paragraph contains the following information?
Write the correct letter, A-H, in boxes 1-4 on your answer sheet 1 2 3 4
a description of an early timekeeping invention affected by cold temperatures an explanation of the importance of geography in the development of the calendar in farming communities
a description of the origins of the pendulum clock
details of the simultaneous efforts of different societies to calculate time using uniform hours
Questions 5-8
Look at the following events (Questions 5-8) and the list of nationalities below. Match each event with the correct nationality, A-F.
Write the correct letter, A-F, in boxes 5-8 on your answer sheet. 5 6 7 8
They devised a civil calendar in which the months were equal in length. They divided the day into two equal halves.
They developed a new cabinet shape for a type of timekeeper. They