This year‘s Beijing Music Awards will be covered live. 今年北京音乐颁奖仪式将现场直播。
20. arrival n. 到达 time of arrival 到达的时间 Can you let me know the time of their arrival? 能让我知道他们的到达时间吗？ 动词：arrive 到达
When we arrived, the film had been on for 10 minutes. 当我们到达的时候。电影已经放映10分钟了。 21. cause vt.引起，使发生 n.原因
What causes the problem?什么导致这个问题？ 22. fireman n. 消防队员 pl. firemen Firemen are very brave. 消防员们很勇敢。
23. nearly adv. 几乎，将近 近义词：almost 反义词：hardly 几乎不 The boy nearly fell into the river.那个男孩差点掉进河里。
8B Unit 1 Past and present
1.Past n. 过去，往事 in the past 在过去
in the past few years 在过去的几年里
e.g.（1）This island used to be a fishing village in the past. 这个岛在过去曾是一个渔村。
（2）Nanjing has changed a lot in the past few years. 南京在过去的几年中变化很大。
2.present n.& vt. 现在，目前，赠予，授予 at present 现在，目前
present sth to sb \\present sb with sth 授予某人某物
e.g. (1) He is working hard at present. 他现在正在努力工作。 (2) Finally the Mayor presented the medals to the winners. 最后市长把奖章颁发给获胜者。
3. since conj.& prep. 由于，既然，自……以来 e.g. Since everyone is here, let‘s begin our meeting. 既然每个人都到齐了，我们开始会议吧！
My father has been a teacher at this school since 2000. 自2000年以来，我父亲一直在这个学校任教。 4. southern adj. 南部的，南方的 in the southern part of 在……南部
e.g. My grandparents live in the southern part of Nan jing. 我的祖父母住在南京的南部。 5. marriage n.结婚，婚姻
e.g. Their marriage will take place next Friday.他们的婚姻下周五将举行。 marry vt., vi. 结婚；娶；嫁
e.g. I am going to marry John. 我将和John结婚。
get/be married 结婚 I know he was married last year. 我知道他去年结婚的。 6.wife n.妻子 复数 wives
e.g. These men‘s wives live alone in the country. 这些男人们的妻子在农村独自生活。 7.over prep.超过，在……上方
e.g. He is over 80 years old. 他80多岁了。
There is a bridge over the river. 有一座桥横跨这条河。 8.cinema n.电影院 go to the cinema 去电影院
e.g. Tomorrow is Sunday .Would you like to go to the cinema with me ? 明天是星期天，你想和我去电影院吗？ 9.turn n.轮次 vt.变成 take turns to do.轮流干某事
e.g. Let‘s take turns to clean the classroom.让我们轮流打扫教室。 turn on 打开 turn on the radio.打开收音机。 turn off.关闭
e.g. Remember to turn off the lights before you leave.离开之前记得关灯 10.used to do 过去常常做某事 sb is used to doing 习惯做某事 e.g. She used to live in the country. Now she is used to living in the city. 她过去住在乡下，现在她习惯住在城里了。 useful有用的 useless 无用的
e.g.We use irons to iron clothes. 我们使用熨斗来熨烫衣服。
Robot is one of the most useful inventions.机器人是最重要的发明之一 11. waste n. 废料 废弃物
e.g. The factory often dump its waste into the water. 这家工厂常常往河里倒废弃物。
12．Pollute vi.& vt. 污染 对应形容词：polluted
e.g. We shouldn't pollute our environment.我们不应该污染环境。 pollution n.
e.g. There will be no pollution on Mars.火星上没有污染。 13. realize v. 意识到
e.g. Have you realized that you are wrong? 你意识到你错了吗？ 14. reduce vi.& vt 减少 减轻
e.g. Costs have been reduced by 20﹪over the past year. 过去一年，各项费用已经减少了20﹪ 15. open vt.& adj.打开，开着的 e.g.You must keep your eyes open. You must open your eyes. 你必须睁开眼。
The shop has been open for 3 weeks. 这家商店开业有3周了 16. lonely adj.孤独的，寂寞的
e.g. The lonely old man lived alone, but he didn't feel lonely. 这个孤独的老人独自居住，但他不感到寂寞。 alone adj.单独的; 孤独的, 独自的; 独一无二的 He was alone in the house. 他独自一人住在这房子里。 all alone 独自一人, 孤零零地
17. a bit 有点儿 a bit of 后跟名词 a bit of housework
e.g. I feel a bit / a little lonely from time to time because I have just come to a new school.我偶尔因为感到有点儿孤独因为我刚刚来到一所新学校。 a little 有点儿，（比…）稍微…可修饰比较级
e.g.It‘s 10 a.m.. I feel a little hungry.上午10点了，我感到有点饿。 Lily is 1.65 metres tall. I am 1.63 metres tall. Lily is a little taller than I. Lily1.65米高。我1.63米高。Lily比我高一点。 18.lonely adj.孤独的，寂寞的
e.g.The lonely old man lived alone, but he didn't feel lonely. 这个孤独的老人独自居住，但他不感到寂寞。 alone adj. 单独的; 孤独的, 独自的; 独一无二的 He was alone in the house. 他独自一人住在这房子里。 all alone 独自一人, 孤零零地 19. from time to time 时不时的
e.g.Mr sun felt lonely in his new flat from time to time. 孙先生在他的新公寓里时不时的感到孤单。 20. throw vt. 扔
e.g.Please throw waster paper into dustbin. 请把废纸扔到垃圾桶里。 21.especially adv. 特别,尤其 special 特别
e.g.I like to travel to the foreign countries, especially America. 我喜欢去国外旅游，尤其是美国。 22. interview n.& vt.采访；会见
e.g. The reporter wants to interview me.这个记者想采访我。 记者：interviewer have an interview with sb.采访某人 23. unhealthy adj.不健康 反义词：healthy 健康的
e.g. Eating too much can make you unhealthy.吃的太多会使你不健康。 24. unlucky adj.不幸运的 反义词：lucky 幸运的 副词：unluckily 不幸的是 e.g. He was unlucky to fail to pass the exam again.他不幸考试又失败了。 Unluckily, he failed to pass the exam again.
25.unpleasant adj.使人不愉快的 feel pleased 感到满意
an unpleasant trip一次令人不愉快的旅行 26.recently adv. 常用于完成时。形容词：recent e.g. Have you heard from your father recently? 最近你收到你父母亲的来信吗？ 27. century n. 世纪，百年
e.g. A century is a hundred years.一世纪是100年. 28. ever adv.曾经 常用于完成时 never 从未
e.g. He has ever been abroad before. 他以前曾经出过国。
29. just adv.只是，仅仅；刚才；确实，完全（用于加强语气）可用于完成时。 e.g. He has just heard from his father.他刚刚受到他父亲的来信。 just then就在那时
just now刚才, 前一会儿 现在, 这会儿 just a minute 稍等片刻 30. own vt. 拥有
e.g. Who owns/has this house?谁拥有这所房子？ adj.自己的； on one‘s own 独自 That is my own book.这是我自己的书。 owner n.物主
I am the owner of the house 我是这所房子的主人. 31. in fact 实际上，事实上
e.g.. In fact, I don‘t know how to deal with it.事实上，我不知道如何处理它。 32. environment n. 环境
e.g. Everyone should protect the environment.每个人都应该保护环境。 33. fresh adj. 新鲜的
e.g. The air in the country is fresh.乡下的空气新鲜。 34. development n. 发展 动词：develop
e.g.. With the development of our country, many families have cars now. 随着我国的发展，许多家庭拥有了小汽车。 35. lend vt.借给 lent lent
e.g. Can you lend me that book/lend that book to me? 你能把那本书借给我吗？ lend sth. to sb. 把…借给某人
borrow … from…向…借… keep 借多长时间 36.service n. 被使用，服务 be in service / be in use 被使用
e.g.The railway station has been in service/use since 2002。 自从2002年以来，火车站一直在被使用。
37. relax vi. 放松 形容词：relaxed feel relaxed 感到放松
e.g. We can relax ourselves after exams. 考试后我们可以放松一下。 38. feeling n. 感受