2018届二轮复习 连词在短文语法填空中考查指导
——找到薄弱点才是努力点
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, which is not good for the health. 2．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)But Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.She is determined to carry on with her education.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders, so once I started the car, my mind went blank.so→but/yet
2．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)In their spare time, they are interested in planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of their house.that→which
3．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)I have grown not only physically, and also mentally in the past few years.and→but 4．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Around me in the picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments.they→that/which
[锁定薄弱点]
1．考生因不能区分并列句和复合句而误用连接词。
2．决定定语从句关系词的关键在于句子成分——关系词在从句中所充当的成分。如果把握不住成分就会造成关系词的误用。
3．对于名词性从句，要熟悉各种名词性从句的特点，掌握名词性从句引导词的用法，特别要注意that/what, if/whether等易混连接词，
考生有时因不能正确分析句子结构和逻辑关系而造成连接词的误用。
4．对于状语从句，因没有掌握各类状语从句的引导词的用法而误用。
——攻克薄弱点才是增分点
突破点一
——如何区分并列句和复合句
1.掌握并列连词的3 点基本知识 (1)并列连词的2个功能
并列连词既可以连接并列的单词或短语，也可以连接并列的分句。语法填空无提示词的考查中，当两个或两个以上的单词、短语之间没有连词，一般是填并列连词。当两个或两个以上的句子之间没有连词时，就需要根据逻辑关系来判定用并列连词还是从句连词。
[自主练悟]
①(2016·四川高考)It was time for her to have a new baby, and it was also time for the young panda to be independent.
②(2014·全国卷Ⅰ)But the river wasn’t changed in a few days or even a few months.
(2)并列连词的基本类型
①表示并列或递进关系的有：and, both ...and ..., not only ...but (also) ...等。
②表示选择关系的有：or, either ...or ..., not ...but ...等。 ③表示转折或对比关系的有：but, while等。 ④表示因果关系的有：so, for等。 [自主练悟]
①(2017·遵义航天高级中学模拟)The short road, the easy path and the light load all lead to lower grades in school of life.
②(2017·白银市模拟)Smoking not only does harm to their health but to others’.
③(2017·巢湖市模拟)Readers may go to special websites to read a chapter or download it to their phones. ④(2017·漳州市八校联考)Each person sees the same scene, but each perceives something different about it.
⑤(2017·拉萨市模拟)Everything was cheap there, so we did a lot of shopping.
⑥(2017·西安市模拟)Some people believe that loose leaf teas have a fresher flavor than tea bags while others prefer tea bags because they’re much easier to use and carry around.
⑦(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are used for cooking.or→and ⑧(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)If we stay at home, it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money.but→and
⑨(2015·四川高考)In fact, I don’t like to go anymore, so I’m afraid I’ll lose their friendship.so→but (3)并列连词的常用句式 ①祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句。
②Sb.was doing sth.when .../Sb.was about to do sth.when ... [自主练悟]
①(2017·新余市模拟)Choose to be happy, and we can have a lot of good and happy days continually.
②(2015·广东高考)The cow was their only means of support, in fact.One day, the cow was eating grass when it began to rain heavily. ③(2017·遵义市模拟)The air hostess was about to serve lunch when a small mouse stole out from the bag of a young man.
④(2017·成都市模拟)I was wandering down the sidewalk while there went a loud crash.while→when
⑤(2017·西安市模拟)I was about to leave while the owner of the shop waved at me.while→when 2．并列句和复合句的区别 (1)并列句和定语从句的区别
并列句与定语从句的主要区别在于：并列句是由and, but等并列连词连接，这时就不能再用引导定语从句的关系词了。
①They live in a small house, in front of ________ stands an orange tree.
②They live in a small house, and in front of ________ stands an orange tree.
分析：两句的区别是连词and，句①逗号后为非限制性定语从句，空格处为引导词表示物，故填which；句②and连接两个并列分句，空格处指代前面分句中的small house，故填it。
③The old man has three sons, none of ________ is a doctor. ④The old man has three sons, but none of ________ is a doctor. 分析：两句的区别是连词but，句③逗号后为非限制性定语从句，空格处为引导词表示人，故填whom；句④but连接两个并列分句，空格处指代前面分句的three sons，故填them。
(2)并列句和状语从句的区别
并列句是连词连接两个“互不依存的主谓结构”，两者之间是并列关系；而在状语从句中前后两个句子一个是主句，一个是从句，从句是用来修饰主句的。
①______ you take the medicine, you will be all right. ②Take this medicine, ________ you will be all right.
分析：两个题都应该填连词。句①空格处引导条件状语从句表示