基于单片机的空气质量检测系统设计
专业：通信工程班级：姓名：王世达 2013级1班
目 录
引 言 ........................................................................................................................................................... 3 1 概述 ........................................................................................................................................................... 5 1.1 系统组成 ........................................................................................................................................... 5 1.2 硬件设计 ........................................................................................................................................... 5 1.3 软件设计 ........................................................................................................................................... 6 2 电路设计 ................................................................................................................................................... 7 2.1 原理图 ............................................................................................................................................... 7 2.2 单片机及外围电路设计 ................................................................................................................... 7 2.3 传感器电路设计 ............................................................................................................................. 16 2.4 A/D模数转换电路 .......................................................................................................................... 17 2.5 LCD显示电路 .................................................................................................................................. 19 2.6 LED显示电路 .................................................................................................................................. 20 2.7 报警模块 ......................................................................................................................................... 21 3 程序设计 ................................................................................................................................................. 23 3.1 主程序设计 ..................................................................................................................................... 23 3.2 按键部分 ......................................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。 3.3 显示部分 ......................................................................................................................................... 23 3.4 A/D转换部分 .................................................................................................................................. 25 4 应用软件介绍 ......................................................................................................................................... 29 4.1 keil的应用 ...................................................................................................................................... 29 4.2 protel99se的应用 ........................................................................................................................... 30 4.3 Proteus的应用 ................................................................................................................................ 31 5 设计的应用 ............................................................................................................................................. 33 5.1 主要用途 ......................................................................................................................................... 33 5.2 应用场景 ......................................................................................................................................... 33 6 结果与分析 ............................................................................................................................................. 34 总 结 ......................................................................................................................................................... 35 致 谢 ......................................................................................................................................................... 36 参考文献 ..................................................................................................................................................... 37 附录1 原理图 ............................................................................................................................................ 38 附录2 程序源代码 .................................................................................................................................... 39
摘 要
随着现代科技的高度发展，工业生产力正在不断提高，而由此带来的负面影响也尤为显著，那就是环境的污染，它严重危害着人类的健康和生活。雾霾，为大气污染之一，一直以来广受人们关注。现在有越来越多的地区和国家开始高度重视雾霾天气，并将其视为一种灾害性天气。其实，很早以前就报道过一些雾霾灾害的重大事件，在这几次事件当中，不仅危害到人们的健康，甚至还剥夺了很多人的生命，比如1952年伦敦杀人雾事件和2013年北京雾霾事件。PM2.5，指环境中直径小于2.5μm的颗粒物，是雾霾的主要成分之一，由于其粒径小，活性强，易附有毒、有害物质，因而对人体健康威胁很大。因此，对PM2.5的测量显得越来越重要。本文将空气中PM2.5的浓度作为评定空气质量的依据。本设计的控制核心采用的是非常实用的51系列单片机AT89C52，配合粉尘浓度采集装置和显示设备，共同完成数据的采集，处理及显示。并会根据设置好的报警值报警提示，并且用不同颜色的指示灯显示空气质量。本文详细介绍了各个单元的电路设计过程及各功能的实现方法，该系统有良好的人机交互界面，有较高的测量精度，不仅简单实用而且便于携带。相信，它的价值一定会得到体现。 关键词：
雾霾；大气污染；PM2.5；单片机；AT89C52；空气质量
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ABSTRACT
With the highly development of modern science and technology, industrial productivity is increasing, and the resulting negative impact is particularly significant, that is the environment pollution, which cause serious damage to the human health and life.Fog haze, as one of the atmospheric pollution, has been widely attention by people.Now there are more and more regions and countries begin to attach great importance to the fog weather, and regard it as a kind of severe weather.Actually, long ago reported some fog disaster events, in this case, not only harm people's health, even deprive the lives of many people, such as killing 1952 London fog and smog in Beijing in 2013 events.PM2.5 refers to environment particles less than 2.5 microns in diameter, is one of the major components of fog, because of its small size, activity is strong, easy to attach poisonous and harmful substances, thus a big threat to human health.So, for the measurement of PM2.5 is more and more important.This article will air concentrations of PM2.5 as a basis for the evaluation of air quality.Used the control core of this design is very practical to 51 series microcontroller AT89C52, cooperate with the dust concentration acquisition and display devices, common to complete data collection, processing and display.And according to set good alarm value alarm prompt, and use different color indicator shows that the air quality.Each unit circuit are introduced in detail in this paper the design process and method of realization of each function, the system has good man-machine interface, have higher measurement accuracy, not only simple and practical and easy to carry.Believe that its value will be reflected. Keywords:
Haze; Atmospheric pollution; PM2.5; Single chip microcomputer; AT89C52;Air quality
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