考纲要求的120个重点文言实词及例句翻译[1]

考纲要求的120个重点文言实词及例句翻译

1.爱 ................................................................................................................................................................. 3 2.安 ................................................................................................................................................................. 4 3.被 ................................................................................................................................................................. 4 4.倍 ................................................................................................................................................................. 5 5.本 ................................................................................................................................................................. 5 6.鄙 ................................................................................................................................................................. 6 7.兵 ................................................................................................................................................................. 6 8.病 ................................................................................................................................................................. 6 9.察 ................................................................................................................................................................. 7 10.朝 ............................................................................................................................................................... 7 11.曾 ............................................................................................................................................................... 8 12.乘 ............................................................................................................................................................... 8 13.诚 ............................................................................................................................................................... 9 14.除 ............................................................................................................................................................... 9 15.辞 ............................................................................................................................................................... 9 16.从 ............................................................................................................................................................. 10 17.殆 ............................................................................................................................................................. 10 18.当 ............................................................................................................................................................. 11 19.道 ............................................................................................................................................................. 12 20.得 ............................................................................................................................................................. 12 21.度 ............................................................................................................................................................. 13 22.非 ............................................................................................................................................................. 14 23.复 ............................................................................................................................................................. 14 24.负 ............................................................................................................................................................. 15 25.盖 ............................................................................................................................................................. 15 26.故 ............................................................................................................................................................. 16 27.固 ............................................................................................................................................................. 17 28.顾 ............................................................................................................................................................. 17 29.归 ............................................................................................................................................................. 18 30.国 ............................................................................................................................................................. 18 31.过 ............................................................................................................................................................. 19 32.何 ............................................................................................................................................................. 19 33.恨 ............................................................................................................................................................. 20 34.胡 ............................................................................................................................................................. 20 35.患 ............................................................................................................................................................. 20 36.或 ............................................................................................................................................................. 21 37.疾 ............................................................................................................................................................. 21 38.及 ............................................................................................................................................................. 22 39.即 ............................................................................................................................................................. 22 40.既 ............................................................................................................................................................. 23 41.假 ............................................................................................................................................................. 23 42.间 ............................................................................................................................................................. 24 43.见 ............................................................................................................................................................. 25

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44.解 ............................................................................................................................................................. 25 45.就 ............................................................................................................................................................. 26 46.举 ............................................................................................................................................................. 26 47.绝 ............................................................................................................................................................. 27 48.堪 ............................................................................................................................................................. 28 49.克 ............................................................................................................................................................. 28 50.类 ............................................................................................................................................................. 28 51.怜 ............................................................................................................................................................. 29 52.弥 ............................................................................................................................................................. 29 53.莫 ............................................................................................................................................................. 29 54.乃 ............................................................................................................................................................. 30 55.内 ............................................................................................................................................................. 30 56.期 ............................................................................................................................................................. 31 57.奇 ............................................................................................................................................................. 31 58.迁 ............................................................................................................................................................. 32 59.请 ............................................................................................................................................................. 32 60.穷 ............................................................................................................................................................. 33 61.去 ............................................................................................................................................................. 33 62.劝 ............................................................................................................................................................. 34 63.却 ............................................................................................................................................................. 34 64.如 ............................................................................................................................................................. 34 65.若 ............................................................................................................................................................. 35 66.善 ............................................................................................................................................................. 35 67,少 ............................................................................................................................................................. 36 68.涉 ............................................................................................................................................................. 37 69.胜 ............................................................................................................................................................. 37 70.识 ............................................................................................................................................................. 38 71.使 ............................................................................................................................................................. 38 72.是 ............................................................................................................................................................. 39 73.适 ............................................................................................................................................................. 39 74.书 ............................................................................................................................................................. 40 75.孰 ............................................................................................................................................................. 40 76.属 ............................................................................................................................................................. 40 77.数 ............................................................................................................................................................. 41 78.率 ............................................................................................................................................................. 42 79.说 ............................................................................................................................................................. 42 80.私 ............................................................................................................................................................. 43 81.素 ............................................................................................................................................................. 43 82.汤 ............................................................................................................................................................. 43 83.涕 ............................................................................................................................................................. 44 84.徒 ............................................................................................................................................................. 44 85.亡 ............................................................................................................................................................. 44 86.王 ............................................................................................................................................................. 45 87.望 ............................................................................................................................................................. 45 88.恶 ............................................................................................................................................................. 46 89.微 ............................................................................................................................................................. 46 90.悉 ............................................................................................................................................................. 47

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91.相 ............................................................................................................................................................. 47 92.谢 ............................................................................................................................................................. 48 93.信 ............................................................................................................................................................. 49 94.兴 ............................................................................................................................................................. 50 95.行 ............................................................................................................................................................. 50 96.幸 ............................................................................................................................................................. 51 97.修 ............................................................................................................................................................. 52 98.徐 ............................................................................................................................................................. 52 99.许 ............................................................................................................................................................. 52 100.阳 ........................................................................................................................................................... 53 101.要 ........................................................................................................................................................... 53 102.宜 ........................................................................................................................................................... 54 103.遗 ........................................................................................................................................................... 54 104.贻 ........................................................................................................................................................... 55 105.易 ........................................................................................................................................................... 55 106.阴 ........................................................................................................................................................... 55 107.右 ........................................................................................................................................................... 56 108.再 ........................................................................................................................................................... 56 109.造 ........................................................................................................................................................... 57 110.知 ........................................................................................................................................................... 57 111.致 ........................................................................................................................................................... 57 112.质 ........................................................................................................................................................... 58 113.治 ........................................................................................................................................................... 59 114.诸 ........................................................................................................................................................... 59 115.贼 ........................................................................................................................................................... 59 116.族 ........................................................................................................................................................... 60 117.卒 ........................................................................................................................................................... 60 118.走 ........................................................................................................................................................... 61 119.左 ........................................................................................................................................................... 61 120.坐 ........................................................................................................................................................... 62

1.爱,ài

(1)名词,恩惠

及子产卒,仲尼闻之,出涕曰:“古之遗爱也。”(《左传·昭公二十年》) ——等到子产死去,孔子听说这件事后,流着眼泪说:“他是古代为我们留下来的恩惠啊。” (2)动词 ①给人恩惠

吴广素爱人,士卒多为用者。(《史记·陈涉世家》) ——吴广平素给人恩惠,士兵有很多肯为他所用。 ②喜爱

爱其子,择师而教之。(韩愈《师说》) ——喜爱他的儿子,选择良师教他们。 ③怜惜,同情

爱其二毛,则如服焉。(《左传·子鱼论战》)

——怜惜那些鬓发斑白的老人,还不如向他们投降。 ④吝惜,舍不得

齐国虽褊小,我何爱一牛?(《孟子·齐桓晋文之事》)

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——齐国虽然不算广大富裕,但我怎么会吝惜一头牛呢? ⑤通“薆”,隐蔽,躲藏 爱而不见,搔首踟蹰。(《诗经·邶风·静女》) ——躲藏起来不见面,(急得我)抓耳挠腮来回走。 (3)形容词,吝啬 百姓皆以王为爱也。(《孟子·齐桓晋文之事》) ——百姓都认为您是吝啬啊。 2.安,ān (1)形容词 ①安全,平安 谢庄遂安。(《冯婉贞》) ——谢庄于是就安全了。 ②安稳

风雨不动安如山。(《茅屋为秋风所破歌》) ——在风雨中像大山一样安稳。 ③安定,舒适

不患寡而患不均,不患贫而患不安。(《季氏将伐颛臾》)

——不担忧(东西)少而担忧分配得不均匀,不担忧贫穷而担忧社会不安定。 (2)动词 ①安身

衣食所安,弗敢专也,必以分人。(《左传·曹刿论战》)

——使人安身立命的衣物食品,不敢独自占有,一定拿出来分给别人。 ②安置

离山十里有王平安营。(《三国演义·失街亭》) ——离山十里有王平在那里安置营地。 ③抚慰,安抚

若备与彼协心,上下齐同,则宜抚安,与结盟好。(《资治通鉴·赤壁之战》) ——如果刘备和(刘表的儿子及部将)那些人同心协力,上下一致,就应该加以抚慰,和他们结成同盟好友。 ④使??安定 既来之,则安之(《季氏将伐颛臾》)

——使他们到来之后,就要使他们安定下来。 ⑤安心

予出官二年,恬然自安。(《琵琶行》)

——我调出京城做官二年来,感到坦然安心。 (3)疑问代词,怎么,哪里 臣死且不避,卮酒安足辞?(《史记·鸿门宴》) ——我对死尚且不躲避,一杯酒哪里值得推辞呢? 3.被,读音一:bèi (1)名词,被子

外人颇有公孙布被之讥。(《训俭示康》) ——外面很有一些人讥笑您,(说您)就像公孙弘盖布被子一样(做假骗人)。 (2)动词 ①覆盖

大雪逾岭,被南越中数州。(《答韦中立论师道书》) ——大雪飘过岭南,覆盖了南越一带好几个州。 ②遭受

世之有饥穰,天之行也,禹汤被之矣。(《论积贮疏》)

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