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8.37 ÔÚÏÂÃæµÄµç×Ó¹¹ÐÍÖУ¬Í¨³£µÚÒ»µçÀëÄÜ×îСµÄÔ­×Ó¾ßÓÐÄÄÒ»ÖÖ¹¹ÐÍ£¿ ¢Å ns2np3 ¢Æ ns2np4 ¢Ç ns2np5 ¢È ns2np6

8.38 ΪʲôµÚ¶þÖÜÆÚÔªËصĵçÀëÄÜÔÚîëºÍÅð¡¢µªºÍÑõ´¦³öÏÖתÕÛ£¿ÕâÖÖתÕÛÔÚÆäËûÖÜÆÚÊÇ·ñÒàÓдæÔÚ£¿ÈçÓУ¬Ö¸³öËüÃǵÄλÖá£

8.39 Åжϳ£ÎÂÏ£¬ÒÔÏÂÆøÏà·´Ó¦ÄÜ·ñ×Ô·¢½øÐУ¿Ô­ÒòºÎÔÚ£¿ ¢Å Na(g) + Rb+(g) ¡ú Na+ (g) + Rb (g) ¢Æ F-(g) + Cl(g) ¡ú Cl -(g) + F(g) 8.40 ÊÔÓÃÔ­×ӽṹÀíÂÛ½âÊÍ

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8.41 Ö¸³ö¾ßÓÐÏÂÁÐÐÔÖʵÄÔªËØ£¨²»²é±í£¬ÇÒÏ¡ÓÐÆøÌå³ýÍ⣩ ¢Å Ô­×Ӱ뾶×î´óºÍ×îС¡£ ¢Æ µçÀëÄÜ×î´óºÍ×îС¡£ ¢Ç µç¸ºÐÔ×î´óºÍ×îС¡£ ¢È µç×ÓÇ׺ÏÄÜ×î´ó¡£

8.42 ½«ÏÂÁÐÔ­×Ó°´µç¸ºÐÔ½µµÍµÄ´ÎÐòÅÅÁУ¨²»²é±í£©£º Ga¡¢S¡¢F¡¢As¡¢Sr¡¢Cs

8.43 State the quantum numbers for each of the following orbitals: 1s, 2s, 2p, 4d, 4f.

8.44 Give the ground-state electron configurations of the atoms with the following atomic numbers: 7, 20, 26, 32, 37.

8.45 The number of electrons which can be accommodated in an electronic sublevel with l = 2 is ( )

(A)£®2£»(B)£®6£»(C)£®10£»(D)£®14

8.46 The possible values of the magnetic quantum number m of a 3p electron are

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(A)£®0, +1, +2£»(B)£®+1, +2, +3£»(C)£®+1, 0, -1£»(D)£®+2, +1, 0, -1, -2

8.47 Which of the following represents a reasonable set of quantum numbers for a 3d electron?

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(A)£®3, 2, +1, +1£»(B)£®3, 2, 0, -1£»(C)£®neither of these£»(D)£®both of these

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8.48 Consider these four orbitals in a neutral calcium atom: 2p, 3p, 3d and the 4s. The orbitals arranged in order of increasing energy are: ( )

(A)£®2p< 3p< 3d< 4s£»(B)£®2p< 4s< 3p< 3d£» (C)£®2p< 3p< 4s< 3d£»(D)£®4s< 2p< 3p< 3d 8.49 In 1894, Lord Rayleigh found that the molecular weight of ¡°nitrogen¡± extracted from air was 0.45% greater than that of chemically pure nitrogen. He showed that this effect was due to the presence of a previously unknown gas, argon, which has a molecular weight of 39.95 as opposed to 28.01 for pure nitrogen, what was the percentage of argon in the sample he extracted from air?

8.50 Noting that ions have configurations that, at least for the lighter elements, are determined by the number of electrons they have, find the electron configurations of the following species:

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