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Unit 1
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Ⅰ. Translate the following sentences into English.( 把下列句子翻译成英语)
1.我们都是大学生。【We are all college students. 】 2. 天渐渐变黑了。【It's getting dark. 】 3. 老师走了。【The teacher left. 】
4. 汤姆工作努力。【Tom works har D. 】 5. 我们学英语。【We learn English. 】
6. 玛利讨厌去学校。【Mary hates to go to school. 】
7. 他们正在谈论那部电影。【They are talking about the film. 】 8. 父亲给了我10美元。【Father gave me ten dollars. 】 9. 她写了一封信给约翰。【She wrote a letter to John. 】 10. 这个消息让他不开心。【The news made him unhappy. 】
11. 她在桌子底下发现了书。【She found the book under the table. 】 12. 我认为他是对的。【I think him to be right. 】
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Ⅱ. Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.（选择最佳答案,完成以下句子。）
1. Most students in this class ____________from the countryside. A. is B. Are C. Will D. would【B】 答案讲解：本句的主语是Most students，为复数形式，而句子结构缺乏谓语动词，所以只能选择B，即are，与介词短语“from the countryside”构成主系表结构，意为“这个班大多数同学都来自农村”。
2. Nearly one hundred people ____________ attended the meeting. A. are B. Have C. Has D. were【B】
答案讲解：本句的主语是one hundred people，为复数形式，谓语动词也应选择复数形式，可排除C。分析句子结构，此处应选择助动词have，与过去分词attended构成现在完成时，意为“几乎有一百多人参加了会议”。如果选择A或D，则表示被动语态，不符合题意。 3. The number of teachers in this school____________unknown. A. are B. is being C. is D. are being 【C】
答案讲解：本句的主语是the number of teachers，为单数形式，谓语动词也应选择单数形式，故可排除A和D。is 后可直接跟形容词构成主系表结构，所以选C，意为“不清楚这个学校教师的人数”。
4. Four hours____________too long for him to write the letter. A. has B. are C. is D. Have【C】
答案讲解：本句的主语four hours表示一个整体，即4小时，应该当作单数来使用，所以应从A和C中选择。too long是形容词，应该与is搭配构成主系表结构，所以选C，意为“对他来说，用4个小时写这封信时间太长了”。 5. Physics ____________interesting subject.
A. is an B. are an C. is a D. are a 【A】
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答案讲解：本句的主语physics是单数形式，即物理学，谓语动词也应选择单数形式，所以排除B和D。形容词interesting以元音开头，冠词应用an，所以正确答案为A，意为“物理是一门有趣的学科”。
6. The news you told me ____________surprising. A. is B. are C. will D. should 【A】 答案讲解：本句的主语是the news，为单数形式，谓语动词也应选择单数形式，故可排除B和D。surprising 是形容词，而is 后可直接跟形容词构成主系表结构，所以选A，意为“你告诉我的新闻令人吃惊”。
7. Both you and I ____________finished the work in time. A. am B. have C. are D. is【B】
答案讲解：本句的主语是both you and I，为复数形式，谓语动词也应选择复数形式。分析句子结构，此处应选择助动词have，与过去分词finished构成现在完成时，意为“你和我都及时完成了工作”，所以选B。
8. Either Mr. Lee or the students ____________to clean the blackboar D. A. had B. has C. have D. having【C】
答案讲解：本句的主语是either Mr. Lee or the students，谓语动词的选择应遵循临近一致的原则。the students是复数，故此处应该选择复数的谓语，即have，意为“不管是李老师还是他的学生都必须擦黑板”，即正确答案为C。
9. The mother together with her sons ____________asked to go to the court. A. are B. have C. was D. were【C】 答案讲解：本句的主语是the mother，为单数，所以谓语动词也应选择单数形式。together with her sons是插入成分，在判断主语的单复数时应排除。分析句子结构，此处应填助动词was，与过去分词asked构成被动语态，意为“妈妈和她的儿子都被要求出庭”，所以答案为C。
10. Neither of his two friends ____________told him the truth. A. have B. are C. has D. is【C】
答案讲解：本句的主语是neither of his two friends，意为“他的两个朋友都不”，应看作单数，所以谓语动词也应选择单数形式。分析句子结构，此处应填助动词has，与过去分词told构成现在完成时，意为“他的两个朋友都没有告诉他真相”，所以答案为C。 11. Some of us ____________with you.
A. agree B. has agreed C. agrees D. is agreeing【A】
答案讲解：本句的主语是some of us，为复数，所以谓语动词也应选择复数形式，所以只有A正确，意为“我们中的一些人同意你的看法”。 12. Some of the water ____________wasted by them.
A. was B. Were C. Are D. being【A】
答案讲解：本句的主语是some of the water，为单数，谓语动词也应选择单数形式，所以只有A正确，意为“他们浪费了一些水”。
13. Little ____________ he ____________French.
A. does...knows B. does...know C. di D...know D. di D...knew【B】
答案讲解：little放在句首，后面句子要用倒装的形式。根据句意“他知道一点法语”，可以判断这是一个现存的事实，所以应选择一般现在时形式，这样可排除C和D。因为在一般现在时倒装结构中动词要用原形，所以答案为B。
14.A lot of time ____________ been spent doing the experiment.
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A. have B. has C. Is D. are【B】
答案讲解：主语a lot of time是单数形式，谓语动词也应选择单数形式。分析句子结构，此处应填助动词has，与过去分词been spent构成现在完成时被动式，意为“做这个实验花了很多时间”，所以答案为B。
15.________ joyful he was to meet his father again! A. What B. How a C. How D. What a【C】
答案讲解：感叹句一般由how或what 引导，句子其他部分仍用陈述句语序。how后面通常跟形容词、副词，what 后面通常跟名词。根据题意，此句应该由how来引导，所以选C，意为“又见到父亲，他是多么高兴啊”。
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Ⅰ. Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.（选择最佳答案,完成以下句子。）
1. I'm afraid I can't finish the work ____________to help me. A. unless you will come B. unless you come C. until you will come D. until you shall come 【B】
答案讲解：在时间、条件状语从句中，往往用一般现在时来表示将来的动作，故可以排除A、C 和D。根据题意，选择“除非你来帮我，否则我恐怕完不成工作”更合情理，所以答案为B。
2. We can go when the ground____________. A. is drying B. has dried C. dried
D. dry【B】 答案讲解：有时为了明确在时间上分句动作的完成先于主句的动作，也可用现在完成时表示将来某一时刻前完成的动作，但不能用将来完成时的形式。因此，答案为B，意为 “当地面干了以后，我们就可以走了。”
3. Come and sit down by the fire. Your hand____________.
A. feel so coldly B. is feeling so cold C. feels so cold D. is felt so cold 【C】
答案讲解：主语your hand是单数形式，谓语动词也应选择单数形式，故可以排除A。表示主语具有的特征、状态时应用一般现在时，故又可以排除B。表示某物给人以某种感觉时应用主动语态，所以选C，意为“过来坐在火边，你的手很凉”。
4. Various programs____________on TV. World news____________best receive D. A. will show, are B. are shown, is C. are showing, is D. have shown, are 【B】
答案讲解：第一句话的主语various programs是复数，故应选择复数的谓语动词，而第二句话的主语world news是单数，要对应单数的谓语动词，这样便可以排除A和D。节目应该是被播出，所以应该选择被动语态，故答案为B，意为“电视上播出各种节目，世界新闻最受欢迎”。
5. I can't find my dictionary.I wonder whether Mary____________it now. A. have B. has C. is having D. had【B】 答案讲解：有些动词不能构成进行时，主要有以下几种。
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（1）表示“存在” 的动词：be，consist，exist等。
（2）表示“所有”的动词：belong，have，keep，own，possess等。 （3）表示“知觉”的动词：feel，hear，small，see，understand等。 （4）表示“认识”的动词：believe，find，know等。 （5）表示“感情”的动词：hate，like，love等。
因此，答案为B，意为“我找不到我的字典了，我想知道是否玛丽拿了”。 6. \
\ A. have been B. had been C. was D. will【A】
答案讲解：时间状语only a few minutes表示“我在这儿等了一段时间了”，这个动作从过去发生一直延续到现在，应用现在完成时，所以答案为A，意为“——对不起让你久等了。——噢，没关系，我刚来几分钟”。
7. Do I have to take this medicine? It ____________ so terrible. A. tastes B. is tasting C. is tasted D. has tasted【A】
答案讲解：谓语动词taste表示主语it具有的特征、状态，应用一般现在时，故可以排除B和D。表示某物尝起来怎么样应用主动语态，所以选A，意为“我必须吃这药吗？尝着太苦了”。
8. When I was a child, my teacher told me that the earth ____________roun D. A. was B. had been C. has been D. is【D】
答案讲解：动词表示普遍事实和客观真理时，应用一般现在时。“地球是圆的”是一个客观事实，所以不管主句是什么时态，谓语动词应为一般现在时，即D为正确答案，意为“当我小的时候，我的老师告诉我地球是圆的”。
9. \\
A. was snowing B. has been snowing C. had been snowing D. snowed【B】 答案讲解：时间状语for a few days表示“雪已经下了好几天了”，根据上下文可知最近一直在下雪。“下雪”这个动作从过去开始，一直延续到现在，强调动作的继续性质，所以应用现在完成进行时，即答案为B，意为 “最近几天一直在下雪，不是吗？是啊，已经下了好几天了”。
10. \
\
A. get B. will get C. are getting D. will have got【A】
答案讲解：在时间、条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时表示将来的动作，所以在本句中when引导的从句应用一般现在时，即选A，意为“爸爸，我可以加入你们的俱乐部吗？当你长大一些就可以啊”。
11. Our team ____________every match so far this year, but we still have three more games to play.
A. was winning B. has won C. had won D. wins【B】
答案讲解：时间状语so far this year表示现在刚完成的动作，强调过去所发生的动作对现在的影响，所以应用现在完成时，即选B，意为“今年到目前为止，我们已经打赢了每场比赛，但是我们还有三场比赛要打”。
12. It is Friday today. My parents and I ____________New York on Saturday.
A. are flying to B. shall be fly for C. have flown to D. will be flying for
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【A】
答案讲解：表示按计划、安排和打算，不久将要发生的动作，可以用现在进行时代替一般将来时，所以答案应为A，意为“今天是星期五，我和父母打算周六飞到纽约”。 13. If it ____________ tomorrow, we'll go swimming.
A. doesn't rain B. isn't raining C. don't rain D. isn't to rain【A】 答案讲解：在时间、条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时表示将来的动作，所以本题应选A，意为“如果明天不下雨，我们就去游泳”。
14. When he ____________ all the goods， he'll, of course, go home. A. will sell B. has sold C. sells D. will have sold【B】
答案讲解：在时间和条件状语从句中，可用现在完成时代替将来完成时，所以本题应选B，意为“当他卖完了所有的货物，他当然会回家”。
15. Don't talk so loudly. Your father ____________ .
A. sleeps B. is sleeping C. slept D. has slept【B】
答案讲解：根据上下文，可知“父亲此时正在睡觉，所以不要大声说话”，所以应选择现在进行时，即答案为B。
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Ⅱ. Put the verbs in the brackets into their proper forms.（把动词在括号内进入他们的适当的形式。）
1. The employers ____(start) negotiation (谈判) as soon as the workers ____(return) to work. 【解析】：在as soon as引导的状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来的动作，而主句则用将来时态，所以这句话主句的谓语动词为will start，从句的谓语动词为return，意为“工人们一回去工作，老板们就开始谈判”。
2. If we _____(not leave) soon, the party _____(be) over by the time we _____(get) there. 【解析】：在if引导的条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来的动作，而主句则用将来时态。同理，by the time引导的时间状语从句也要用一般现在时。本句意为“如果我们不早点出发的话，晚会在我们到达时就会结束”。
3. You _____(not need) to describe her. I _____(meet) her before. 【解析】：根据时间状语before，我们可知“遇见她”这件事情发生在过去，对现在造成的影响就是“你不需要描述她了”，所以此句应用现在完成时，意为“你不需要描述她了，我以前遇见过她”。
4. She _____(not have) time to study now. She _____(study) when her children (go) to be D. 【解析】：根据上下文，我们可知句意为“她只有在孩子睡了之后才有时间学习”。第一句话用一般现在时表示主语通常具有的特征，或经常做的事。第二句话中when引导的状语从句用现在完成时代替将来完成时，表示“孩子睡了之后，她才开始学习”，两个动作时间上有先后顺序。
5. I _____(long) to meet you for ages. I _____(hear) so much about you. 【解析】：根据状语for ages，我们可知“盼望”这个动作是从过去开始，一直延续到现在，强调的是动作的持续性，所以用现在完成进行时。而第二句话强调的是过去所发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，即“我听说了很多关于你的消息”。
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6. It _____(be) 11:30 already. Everybody _____(go) to be D. Why _____(you, still, watch) TV, Tom? 【解析】：根据句意“现在是11点半了，其他人都睡了，而汤姆还在看电视”可知，第一空应该用一般现在时，表示状态；而第二空应该用完成时，表示动作已经完成；第三空应该用现在进行时表示正在进行的动作，与第二空表示的动作形成对比。
7. — Where _____(be) you, Ann? Hurry up. We _____(be) late.— I _____(change) my clothes now. I _____(be) ready in a minute. 【解析】：根据上下文可知这是两个人在对话，所以第一空和第三空应该分别用一般现在时和现在进行时。第二空所讲的“迟到”这件事发生在未来，所以应该用将来时态。第四空根据时间状语“in a minute”可知事情也是发生在将来，所以选择将来时态。整个题意为“——安，你在哪？——我们要迟到了。我正在换衣服，马上就好”。
8. — What you _____(do), Jack?— I (make) a model plane. I _____(show) it in the science class tomorrow.
— You _____(work) on it the whole morning. It is 12:00. Lunch _____(be) ready. Come and have your lunch. 【解析】：根据上下文可知这是两个人在对话，所以第一空和第二空应该用现在进行时。根据时间状语tomorrow可知第三空应用将来时态。根据时间状语the whole morning可知第四空应用现在完成进行时，表示这个动作从过去开始，一直持续到现在，而且还有可能继续下去。第四空表示主语的状态，应用一般现在时。整个题意为“——杰克，你在干嘛？——我在做模型飞机，明天科学课要展示。——你已经干了一早上了。现在12点了，午饭好了。快来吃饭。”。
9. —_____(you, be) to the theater recently?
— Yes, I _____(go) to the Beijing Opera last night. 【解析】：根据时间状语recently可知第一空应选择现在完成时，强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响。根据时间状语last night可知第二空应用一般过去时，强调过去发生的一个动作。整个题意为“——你最近去戏院了吗？——是的，昨晚刚去北京大戏院了”。
10. —_____(you, see) Peter lately? I _____(call) his flat several times but (get) no answer.
— Oh, he _____(be) in Paris for the last two months. 【解析】：根据时间状语lately可知第一空应选择现在完成时，强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响。根据时间状语several times可知“我打电话”这件事发生在过去，所以第二空和第三空应用一般过去时。时间状语for the last two months表示的是一段时间，可知这个动作已经持续了一段时间，应用现在完成时。整个题意为“——你最近看见彼得了吗？我给他打了好几个电话，但没人接。——噢，他最近两个月去巴黎了”。
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Ⅲ. Translate the following sentences into English.（将下列句子译成英语。）
1. 我有一年多没有看电影了。【I haven't seen a film for more than a year.】 2. 出车祸后，皮特一直在医院里。【Pitt has been in hospital since his accident. 】 3. 世界上有许多人使用汉语。【Many people in the world use Chinese. 】 4. — 你是在等人吗？【— Are you waiting for someone? 】 — 不是，我在等车。【— No, I'm waiting for the bus. 】 5. 你知道这件事，对吗？【You know this, don't you? 】
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6. 真遗憾，可是我们也无能为力。【What a pity, but we can do nothing. 】 7. 我想知道你可否把你的汽车借我一用。【I wonder if you could lend me your car. 】 8. 父亲通常不在早上喝咖啡。【My father doesn't usually have coffee in the morning. 】 9. 太阳从东边升起。【The sun rises in the east. 】 10. 印度位于中国以南。【India lies to the south of China. 】
Unit 2
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Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.（选择最佳答案,完成以下句子。）
1. They drank,____________and danced all night. A. sang B. sing C. sung D. singing【A】
解析：根据句子结构可知此处应填动词sing的一般过去时形式，与drank和danced构成并列的谓语动词，所以应选A。
2. I went home,____________she stayed at the station. A. but B. or C. so D. and【A】
解析：前后两个分句均是完整的句子，中间应该加一个连词才能构成一个完整的并列句。根据句意可知两个分句有对比之意，所以应选择转折连词but，意为“我回家了，而她还呆在车站”。
3. He as well as his students,____________interested in sports. A. are B. is C. were D. was【B】
解析：应注意本句的主语是He，as well as his students是插入语，在判断时可以忽略，所以谓语动词应选择单数is或was。本句讲的是事实，不应该用过去时，所以答案应是is。 4. I decided to stop and have lunch, ____________I am hungry. A. and B. for C. so D. but【B】
解析：分析句意，可知前后两个分句是因果关系，意思是“我决定停下来吃午饭，因为我饿了”。表示因果关系的连词只有for。
5. It was going to rain just now；____________, it is clear now. A. but B. for C. however D. therefore【C】
解析：从句意分析，可知前后两个分句含有对比之意，故应选择表示转折关系的连词。but是并列连词，连接两个并列分句，上下两句在总的意义上构成了对比。however不能直接连接两个分句，必须另起新句，并用逗号隔开。所以，正确答案应为C。 6. Study hard,____________you will fail in the exam. A. still B. and C. or D. therefore【C】
解析：本句意思是“努力学习，否则考试就会失败”，表示在两者之间选择其一，所以应选C。 7. He has never studied English before, ____________we should give him more help. A. so B. for C. yet D. otherwise【A】
解析：从句意分析，可知前后两个分句是因果关系，意思是“他以前从来没有学过英语，因此我们应该给他更多的帮助”，所以答案为A。
8. Not only he but also we____________pop music very much. A. like B. likes C. has likes D. liking【A】
解析：not only … but also …这个短语放在句首连接主语时，应遵循临近一致的原则。此处，主语we为复数形式，所以谓语动词也应该选择复数形式，即like。 9. The story sounds strange,____________it is true.
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A. however B. yet C. for D. otherwise【B】 解析：从句意分析，可知前后两个分句含有对比之意，应选择表示转折关系的连词。however不能直接连接两个分句，必须另起新句，并用逗号隔开，所以答案为B，意为“这个故事听起来奇怪，但它是真的”。
10. He is very clever,____________he does not study har D. A. or B. but C. yet D. otherwise【B】
解析：从句意分析，可知前后两个分句含有对比之意，应选择表示转折关系的连词。but是并列连词，连接两个并列分句，上下两句在总的意义上构成了对比，所以应选B，意为“他很聪明，但是不努力学习”。
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Ⅰ. Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.（选择最佳答案,完成以下句子。）
1. He ____________the Communist Party____________2002.
A. has joined, in B. has joined, since C. joined, on D. joined, in 【D】
解析：本句意为“他在2002年加入了共产党”，这是对过去发生的事件的陈述，应该用一般过去时，所以答案为D。本句不能选择完成时态，因为动词join不能表示动作的持续性，所以也就不能和since引导的时间状语连用。 2. Kate said that ____________.
A. she had finished writing the composition the night before B. she had finished writing the composition last day C. I finished writing the composition on the last night D. she finished writing the composition before the night 【A】 解析：从句动词finished所表示的动作发生在主句动词said之前，所以从句应用过去完成时。时间状语last day是一般过去时的标志性短语，所以不能选B。正确答案为A，意思是“凯特说她昨晚就完成作文了”。
3. My classmate____________a lot of good deeds for others. A. has been done B. did C. was doing D. had done【B】
解析：本句是对过去发生的事件的陈述，意思是“我的同学为他人做了很多好事”，所以应该用一般过去时，即选B。
4. Jack____________ in the street when I____________on him. A. walked…called B. was walking …was calling
C. walked … was calling D. was walking …called【D】
解析：本句的意思是“我拜访杰克时，他正在街上走”，表示当一个动作发生时，另外一个动作正在进行，所以应该选择过去进行时和一般过去时，即答案为D。 5. \
\
A. was played B. played C. was playing D. playing【A】
解析：本句的意思是“——你喜欢昨晚的音乐会吗？——是的，虽然最后一曲不怎么样”。分析句子结构，主语为the last piece，可知此处应该选择被动语态，而这件事情发生在昨晚，所以应用一般过去时，即答案为A。
6. David ____________himself while he ____________the machine.
A. hurted… was fixing B. hurts… is fixing C. hurt …fixed D. hurt … was fixing
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【D】
解析：本句的意思是“大卫修机器的时候，弄伤了自己”，表示当一个动作正在进行时，另外一个动作突然发生，所以应该选择过去进行时和一般过去时。动词hurt的过去时形式是hurt，所以答案为D。
7. It ____________ whether he will go on with his study at the university.
A. hasn't been decided B. isn't decided C. hasn't decided D. doesn't decide 【A】
解析：it在句中作形式主语，代替whether引导的从句，指的是“他能否上大学”这件事情。某一“事件”作主语时应该选择被动语态，故可以排除C和D。本句的意思是“这件事情还没有决定”，强调的是目前的情况，所以要用现在完成时，所以答案为A，意思是“他能否上大学这事儿还没定下来”。
8. He said that he ____________to the United States.
A. had never been B. had never gone C. was never D. has never been【A】
解析：have been to a place的意思是说话时已经去过某地，现在已经回来了；have gone to a place的意思是说话时已经去某地了，现在还没有回来。本句的主句是一般过去时，所以从句应该选择过去完成时，即答案为A，意为“他说他从没去过美国”。 9. This time last year I ____________my holiday in the countryside. A. have B. was having C. am having D. have had【B】 解析：根据时间状语this time last year（去年的这个时候），我们可知本句的动词应用过去进行时，所以答案为B，意为“去年的这个时候，我正在乡下度假”。 10. \ \ A. will go B. has been C. has gone D. went【C】
解析：have been to a place的意思是说话时已经去过某地，现在已经回来了；have gone to a place的意思是说话时已经去某地了，现在还没有回来。分析句意，Mary在说话时去学校了，还没回来，所以答案为C，意为“——玛丽在哪？——她去学校了”。 11. I'm sorry that I____________you had been there already.
A. won't know B. didn't know C. don't know D. haven't known【B】 解析：从句you had been there already用的是过去完成时，可知动词know应该选用相应的过去时态，所以答案为B，意为“对不起，我不知道你已经到这儿了”。 12. It____________hard when I left the house.
A. is raining B. rains C. was raining D. will rain【C】
解析：根据时间状语从句when I left the house（当我离开家的时候）可知主句应表示“天正在下雨”，所以应该选择进行时态。从句用的是一般过去时，主句也应用相应的过去时态，所以答案为C，意思是“当我离开家的时候，天正在下雨”。
13. Tim ____________ a great number of different places in Australia.
A. already has visited B. has already visited C. has visited already D. has ever visited【B】
解析：在完成时态中，副词already和just等应放在助动词have、has、had和动词过去分词之间，所以答案为B，意思是“汤姆已经游览了澳大利亚很多不同的地方”。 14. Up to now, I ____________ very successful.
A. am not B. haven't been C. was not D. were not【B】 解析：根据时间状语up to now（直到现在），我们可知本句的动词应用完成时态，所以答案为B，意思是“到目前为止我还不是很成功”。 15. The wheat ____________cut three days ago.
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A. were B. has been C. had D. was【D】
解析：短语three days ago是一般过去时的时间状语，主语the wheat是不可数名词，所以应选D，意思是“麦子三天前就割了”。
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Ⅱ. Put the verbs in the brackets into their proper forms.（把动词在括号内进入他们的适当的形式。）
1. If you ___(not tell) him the truth now, he simply ___ (keep) on asking you until you___(do). 【解析】：if引导的条件状语从句中有时间状语now，应用一般现在时。主句的动作还没有发生，应用一般将来时，而until引导的从句也应该用一般现在时。整个句子的意思是：“如果你现在不告诉他事实，他会不停地问你，直到你说了为止。” 2. She ___(be) here just now, but she ___(go). 【解析】：短语just now是表示一般过去时的时间状语，所以第一空应该填was。转折连词but引导的分句的意思是“她现在走了”，应该用现在完成时，表示对现在造成的影响。整个句子的意思是：“她刚才在这儿，但是已经走了。”
3. I ___(receive) John's invitation yesterday, and___ (accept) it at once. I___(not see) him for several weeks. 【解析】：根据时间状语yesterday可知receive 和accept 两个动作均发生在昨天，所以应该用一般过去时。而根据时间状语for several weeks可知谓语动词所表示的动作是延续性的，所以应用现在完成时。整个句意是：“昨天我收到了约翰的邀请，立刻就接受了。我已经几周都没看见他了。”
4. —___(you, see) my umbrella? I can't find it. — You___(leave) it in the classroom. I ___(pick) it up and___(put) it in the closet. 【解析】：第一句话的意思是“你看见我的雨伞了吗？我找不到了”，第一空应用现在完成时，表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。第二句话的意思是“你丢在教室了。我捡起来放在壁橱里了”，所有的动作均发生在过去，应该用一般过去时。
5. When I ____(buy) my new house I____ (ask) for a telephone. The Post Office____(tell)me to wait, but I____ (wait) a year now and my phone still ____(not come). 【解析】：根据句意，我们可知“买房子和装电话”这两件事均发生在过去，所以前三空应该用一般过去时。在but引导的分句中有时间状语now，表示wait这个动作从过去发生，一直延续了一年时间，所以应该用现在完成时；而现在的结果是“电话还没有装上”，所以come 也应用现在完成时。整个句子的意思是：“当我买上新房子的时候，就要求装一个电话。邮局告诉我让我等。现在我已经等了一年了，还是没装上。”
6. I ____(can, not, go) out that night because I____(promise) to wait for Jim at home. 【解析】：根据时间状语that night，我们可知第一空应该用一般过去时，而because引导的从句中的动词promise发生在主句动作之前，所以应该用过去完成时。整个句意为：“那天晚上我出不去，因为我答应吉姆要在家里等着他。”
7. I ___(go) back to my hometown two years ago. I___ (find) that it___ (change) greatly. 【解析】：根据时间状语two years ago，我们可知第一空应该用一般过去时。第二句话中的动词find 也发生在过去，所以也应用一般过去时。而动词change发生在find之前，所
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以应该用过去完成时。整个句意为：“两年前，我回了一趟家乡。我发现它发生了很大的变化。”
8. When you___ (come) yesterday, I___ (feel) very tired because I ___(work) in the garden all day. 【解析】：根据时间状语yesterday，我们可知第一空应该用一般过去时。第二话中的动词feel应用过去进行时，表示“当你来的时候，我正感到累”。根据时间状语all day可知句中动作应该是持续了一整天，所以应用过去完成时。整个句子意思是：“昨天你来的时候，我正觉得非常累，因为我在花园里干了一整天。”
9. John___ (walk) to his car when he stoppe D. He suddenly___ (remember) that he___ (not lock) his office. 【解析】：根据时间状语when he stopped（突然停了下来），可知主句动作正在进行当中，所以第一空应用过去进行时。第二空应用一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作。第三空动词lock所表示的动作发生在remember之前，所以要用过去完成时。整个句子的意思是：“约翰正朝着车走过去，突然他停了下来。他想起来自己没有锁办公室门。” 10. —___(you, apply) for the job?— I___ (write) to them last month, but they ___(not, answer) yet. 【解析】：根据句意，可知apply这个动作发生在过去，而句子强调的是对现在造成的结果，所以应用现在完成时。根据时间状语last month，可知第二空应用一般过去时。根据时间状语yet 可知最后一空应用现在完成时。整个句意是：“——你申请这份工作了吗？——我上个月就给他们写信了，但现在还没收到回复。”
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Ⅲ. Translate the following sentences into English.（将下列句子译成英语。） 1. 他于2002年10月入伍，参军已5年了。参考答案：He joined the army in October 2002. He has been in the army for five years.
2. — 我买了一本汉英词典。参考答案：— I've bought a Chinese-English dictionary. — 在哪儿买的？参考答案：— Where did you get it?
— 在学校旁边的书店。参考答案：— The bookstore next to our school. 3. — 你吃早饭了吗？参考答案：— Have you had your breakfast?
— 没有，我经常不吃早饭就去上学。参考答案：— No. I often go to school without breakfast.
4. 我以为你回家了。参考答案：I thought you had gone home.
5. 上周我听了一场音乐会，这是我听过的最好的音乐会。参考答案：Last week I went to a concert. That was the best concert I had ever hear D. 6. 昨天下午等所有的学生交了卷我才离开。参考答案：I didn't leave yesterday afternoon till all the students had handed in their papers. 7. 我们还没有找到座位电影就开始了。参考答案：The film began before we had found our seats.
8. 我们刚离开晚会，天就开始下雨了。参考答案：We had hardly left the party when it began to rain.
9. 第一次世界大战爆发于1914年。参考答案：The First World War broke out in 1914. 10. 艾丽丝说她打算去乡下度周末。参考答案：Alice said that she was going to spend the weekends in the countryside.
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Unit 3
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Ⅰ. Turn the following sentences into complex sentences.（把下列句子变成复杂的句子。）
1. I received two gifts. I didn't accept them. 参考答案：Although I received two gifts, I didn't accept them.
2. I can't find the person. His car is blocking the way. 参考答案：I can't find the person whose car is blocking the way.
3. That is the place. The plane crashe D. 参考答案：That is the place where the plane crashe D.
4. There was a time. People believed that the sun moved around the earth. 参考答案：There was a time when people believed that the sun moved around the earth. 5. When will we have the meeting? Do you know that? 参考答案：Do you know when we will have the meeting?
6. How long is the Yellow River? I often wonder. 参考答案：I often wonder how long the Yellow River is.
7. I don't believe that. He said that at the meeting. 参考答案：I don't believe what he said at the meeting.
8. I want to know it. Who has reported the news? 参考答案：I want to know who has reported the news.
9. The newspaper carried a funny story. In the story a man often ate metals. 参考答案：The newspaper carried a funny story in which a man often ate metals. 10. He asked me. Where have you been? 参考答案：He asked me where I had been. Page 79
Ⅱ. Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.（选择最佳答案,完成以下句子。）
1. ____________we need more practice is quite clear. A. If B. What C. That D. / 【C】
解析：本题考查主语从句的用法。we need more practice是一个完整的句子，只能用that来引导，构成主语从句，意思是“我们需要更多的练习，这很清楚”，所以答案为C。 2. The reason I have to go is ____________ if I don't.
A. that she will be disappointed B. because she will be disappointed C. on account of her being disappointed D. that she will be disappointing【A】
解析：本题考查表语从句的用法。分析4个选项可知，she will be disappointing是错误的表达法。而she will be disappointed是一个完整的句子，只能由that引导，构成表语从句，意思是“我必须走的原因是如果我不这么做，她会很失望”，所以答案为A。 3. I wonder____________he asked such a silly question in publiC. A. how B. what C. that D. why【D】
解析：本题考查宾语从句的用法。分析句意，只能选择why引导的从句，意思是“我想知道他为什么当众问这种愚蠢的问题”，所以答案为D。 4. I don't think____________.
A. that he came to the concert yesterday true B. true that he came to the concert yesterday
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C. it that he came to the concert yesterday true D. it true that he came to the concert yesterday 【D】 解析：分析句子结构可知，it在句中作形式宾语，与true构成“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”的结构。句子真正的宾语是that引导的从句，所以答案为D，意思是“我觉得他昨天来看音乐会这事儿不是真的”。
5. She told us____________interesting story ____________we all laughe D. A. such …that B. such an …that C. so … that D. so an …in order that 【B】 解析：本题考查so … that及such … that等引导的状语从句的用法。so后面接形容词或副词，such后面接名词。此句中interesting story是名词短语，只能用such来引导，而interesting以元音开头，冠词应该用an，所以答案为B，意思是“她给我们讲了一个如此有趣的故事，以至于所有的人都哈哈大笑”。
6. I was about to go out ____________the phone rang. A. when B. so C. then D. as 【A】
解析：本题考查when引导的时间状语从句的用法。when 在此是“突然”、“正在这个时候”的意思，其他选项不能表达此意，所以答案为A，意思是“我正要出去，突然电话响了”。 7. That is____________it has been translated into many languages. A. what B. how C. whenever D. as【B】
解析：本题考查表语从句的用法。4个选项中只有A和B符合题意。分析句子意思，只有B符合，意思是“这就是它如何被翻译成多种语言的”，所以答案为B。 8. The reason____________he was absent is known to all. A. when B. because C. why D. since【C】
解析：本题考查定语从句的用法。先行词the reason只能由关系副词why引导，意思是“他缺席的原因众所周知”，所以答案为C。
9. I can't decide____________book I will take. Both of them are very goo D. A. what B. that C. which D. whatever【C】
解析：本题考查宾语从句的用法。从“Both of them are very goo D.”这句话中可知要从两本书中选择一本，而可以表达此意的连接代词只有which，所以答案为C，意思是“我决定不了拿那本书，两本都很好”。
10. The way____________ you are doing the experiment is strange. A. which B. in that C. what D. in which【D】
解析：本题考查定语从句的用法。分析句子结构，先行词the way在从句you are doing the experiment中应该是作状语，所以只能用in which 来引导，而that前面不能加in，所以答案为D，意思是“你做实验的方法很奇怪”。
11. ____________an English teacher, I find____________useful to learn to type. A. As … that B. To… it C. To be …it D. As…it【D】
解析：分析题意，可知我已经是一个英语老师，所以第一空应该填as；主句中用it作形式宾语，与useful构成“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”的结构。句子真正的宾语是动词不定式短语to learn to type。所以，正确答案为D，意思是“作为一个英语老师，我发现学会打字非常有用”。
12. The news ____________ we won the game excited us all. A. that B. / C. where D. which【A】
解析：本题考查同位语从句的用法。从句we won the game进一步解释说明了the news的内容，the news在从句we won the game中不作任何成分，只能由连词that引导构成同位语从
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句，所以答案为A，意思是“我们赢得比赛这条消息让大家都很激动”。 13. Mr. White, ____________ everybody likes, is going to give us a lecture. A. whom B. what C. which D. if【A】
解析：本题考查非限制性定语从句的用法。非限制性定语从句是对先行词的附加说明，和主句之间用逗号分开，并且不能用that作连接词。本句中先行词是人，且在从句中作宾语，所以只能选A，意思是“受大家喜欢的怀特先生将要给我们做一个讲座”。 14. He was born in the year ____________ the Anti-Japanese War broke out. A. which B. when C. on which D. during which【B】
解析：本题考查定语从句的用法。先行词the year和从句the Anti-Japanese War broke out 之间应该用连接副when或者in which连接，意思是“他出生在抗日战争爆发那一年”，所以答案为B。
15. It is such a beautiful city____________ everyone likes it. A. which B. so that C. that D. and【C】 解析：本题考查so … that及such … that等引导的状语从句的用法。so后面接形容词或副词，such后面接名词，通过that和从句相连，所以本题应选C，意思是“这是如此漂亮的一个城市，大家都非常喜欢它”。
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Ⅰ. Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.（选择最佳答案,完成以下句子。）
1. One____________if one breaks the law.
A. will be punished B. will punish C. is being punished D. has been punished【A】 解析：one 和punish之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。根据条件状语从句if one breaks the law可知punish这个动作没有发生，应该用一般将来时，所以答案为A，意思是“如果一个人触犯法律，就会受到惩罚”。
2. If you____________quiet, I'll tell you what happene D. A. be B. are to be C. are D. will be【C】
解析：如果主句是一般将来时，在条件状语从句中，通常用一般现在时代替一般将来时，所以本题应选C，意思是“如果你安静下来，我就告诉你发生了什么”。 3. Middle school boys____________not to smoke.
A. always tell B. are told always C. are always told D. is always told【C】
解析：主语middle school boys是复数，而且与谓语动词tell之间是被动关系，这样可以排除A和D。副词always应该放在助动词和实义动词之间，所以应该选C，意思是“中学男生总是被告知不要抽烟”。
4. If you study hard, you____________the examination.
A. has passed B. are passing C. have passed D. will pass【D】
解析：分析句意，即“如果你好好学习，你就会通过考试”，可知pass这个动作还没有发生，应该用一般将来时，所以选D。
5. John does a lot of housework every evening, but now he ____________his schoolmates with their lessons.
A. help B. is helping C. helps D. has helped【B】
解析：根据but后面的时间状语now可知这一动作正在进行中，应该用现在进行时，所以选B，意思是“约翰每天傍晚做很多的家务活，但是现在他正在帮助他的同学们复习功课”。 6. The song ____________by children.
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A. is often sung B. was often sung C. sings D. has often sung【A】
解析：主语the song 是单数，和谓语动词sing之间是被动关系，而副词often表明是经常发生的动作，应用一般现在时，所以答案为A，意思是“孩子们经常唱这首歌”。 7. By the end of 2020 China ____________much stronger and richer.
A. will become B. would become C. is becoming D. will have become【D】
解析：根据时间状语by the end of 2020可知本句表示在未来的时间点之前将会完成的动作，应该用将来完成时，所以答案为D，意思是“到2020年末，中国将会变得更加强大、富有”。 8. It ____________years since I last saw you. A. was B. is C. will be D. has been【D】
解析：根据时间状语since I last saw you，可知前面的动作是从过去发生一直持续到现在，应该用完成时态，所以选D，意思是“自从我上次看见你已经过去很多年了”。 9. The room____________often cleaned by the worker. A. has B. will be C. was D. is【D】
解析：主语the room 是单数，和谓语动词clean之间是被动关系，而副词often表明是经常发生的动作，应用一般现在时，所以选D，意思是“房间经常由工人打扫”。 10. The railway____________in three years.
A. is complete B. will completed C. has completed D. will be completed【D】
解析：根据时间状语in three years可知这个动作将要发生，应该用一般将来时态，而主语railway和谓语complete之间是被动关系，所以答案为D，意思是“铁路将在三年内完成”。 11. The Anti-Japanese War____________in 1937 and it____________eight years. A. break out …last B. was broken out …lasted C. broke out …last D. broke out… lasted【D】
解析：根据时间状语in 1937可知这是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。主语the Anti-Japanese Warr和谓语broke out是主动关系，不能用被动语态，所以答案为D，意思是“抗日战争爆发于1937年，持续了8年之久”。 12. ____________you____________there before?
A. Have, been B. Have, gone C. Have, been to D. Have gone to【A】 解析：本题意为“你以前去过哪儿吗？”，表明说话时双方都不在那个地方，应该用have been to 结构，所以答案为A。
13. Tom ____________ his lessons from seven to eight last night.
A. was doing B. had done C. were taken D. had been taken【A】
解析：时间状语from seven to eight last night表示的是一段时间，所以应该用过去进行时，意思是“汤姆昨晚从7点到8点这段时间正在学习功课”，所以答案为A。 14. He____________thin. What happened to him?
A. was getting B. is getting C. will getting D. had been got【B】
解析：本句表示的是汤姆现在处于的一种状态，应该用现在进行时态，所以答案为B，意思是“他变得瘦了，发生了什么事情？”。 15. I ____________my homework now.
A. finish B. finished C. have finished D. had finished 【C】
解析：此句用现在完成时表示某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，意思是“我现在已经完成了作业”，所以应该选C。 Page83
Ⅱ. Put the verbs in the brackets into their proper forms.（把动词在括号内进入
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他们的适当的形式。）
1. What___(he, do) when he___(leave) school? 【解析】：分析句子结构，when引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时，主句应该用一般将来时。本句的意思是：“当他离开学校后，他会去做什么。”
2. If you___ (wait) for another hour before you ___(make) up your mind, it ___(be) too late. 【解析】：在if引导的条件状语从句中用一般现在时，主句则用一般将来时。本句的意思是：“在作决定之前如果你再等一个小时，就太晚了。” 3. When the plane ___
(come) into service, the journey from New York to London ___ (take) only three hours. 【解析】：分析句意，when引导的时间状语从句应用一般现在时，主句应该用一般将来时，表示将来经常会发生的动作。本句的意思是：“当航班投入使用时，从纽约到伦敦仅需要3小时的路程。”
4. — Here are the matches; but what do you want them for? — I___ (make) a bonfire (篝火) at the end of the garden.
— Be careful. If the fire gets too big it ___(burn) the apple trees. 【解析】：“be going to + V.”表示主观上打算和计划要做的事。分析句意，可知第一空应该填am going to make，意思是“我打算在花园后面点一堆篝火”。第二空则应该用一般将来时，表示将要发生的动作。本句的意思是：“——给你火柴，但是你要火柴干什么？-——我打算在花园后面点一堆篝火。——小心点。如果火太大，会烧着苹果树的。” 5. — Do you have to carry so much stuff on your backs?
— Yes, we do. We___ (camp) out and___ (cook) our own meals, so we have to carry a lot. 【解析】：“be going to + V.”表示主观上打算和计划要做的事。分析句意，可知我们是计划出去野营，所以应该用are going to camp。本句的意思是：“——你必须背这么多东西吗？——是啊，我们要出去野营，要自己做饭，所以必须多带点。”
6. Jack will travel to Europe this summer. Before that he ___(complete) his BA in Math. After he___ (return) to America, he ____(begin) graduate work in management. 【解析】：分析句意可知本句讲的都是在未来发生的事情。根据时间状语before that可知第一空应该选择将来完成时，表示在这个时间点之前将会完成的动作。第二空用一般现在时代替将来时态，因为是用在after引导的时间状语从句中。第三空则应用一般将来时态，表示发生在将来的动作。本句的意思是：“杰克这个夏天会去欧洲旅游。在这之前，他将完成自己的数学学士学位。在返回美国之后，他将开始自己管理学的研究生课程。” 7. —___(you, go) out tonight?
— No, I ___(stay) at home. The neighbors ___(come) to watch TV. 【解析】：分析句意，本题问的是今天晚上我要做什么，应该用将来时态。动词go 和come可以用现在进行时表示按计划即将进行的动作。本句的意思是：“——你晚上出去吗？——不，我要呆在家里，邻居们要来看电视。”
8. — I___ (want) to buy a shirt. ___ (you, have) any nice shirts for about 80? — I'm sorry we___ (close) in five minutes. We always ___(close) at 5:00 sharp on Friday. 【解析】：第一、二和第四空应该用一般现在时，表示经常发生的动作或主语具有的性质特征。第三空用一般将来时，因为状语in five minutes很清楚地表明动作即将发生，也可以
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用现在进行时代替一般将来时。本句的意思是：“——我想买件衬衫，你这儿有80号的好看一点的吗？——对不起，我们5分钟后要关门了，每周五我们都是五点整关门。”
9. John ___(hope) to go to university next year. But his parents ___(decide) that they___ (not be) able to afford it unless he ___(get) a scholarship. 【解析】：第一空应该用一般现在时，表示主语具有的性质特征。第二空用现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响。第三空用一般将来时，因为这个动作还没有发生。最后一空用一般现在时代替将来时，因为是用在unless引导的从句中。本句的意思是：“约翰希望明年能上大学。但他的父母决定除非他得到奖学金，否则他们供不起他上学。”
10. Come back in an hour. I ___(do) my packing by then and we'll be able to have a talk. 【解析】：根据时间状语by then可知应该选择将来完成时，表示在这个时间点之前将会完成的动作。本句的意思是：“一小时之内回来哦。到那时我就整理好行李了，我们可以谈谈。” Page83
Ⅲ. Translate the following sentences into English.（将下列句子译成英语。） 1. 雨一停，我们就动身。参考答案： We'll start off as soon as the rain stops.
2. 一有消息，我就给你打电话。参考答案：I'll ring you up directly I hear the news. 3. 经理定于下周四开会来解决这个问题。参考答案：The manager is to hold a meeting to settle the question next Thursday.
4. 他不可以在这儿待下去，他得马上离开。参考答案：He is not to stay here any longer. He is to leave at once.
5. 你假如明早6点去看他，他正在做早操。参考答案：If you go and see him at six tomorrow morning, he will be taking morning exercises. 6. 他在记者招待会上宣布，英国首相定于下星期一访华。参考答案：He announced at the press conference that the prime minister of the United Kingdom was to visit China next Monday. 7. 下星期你从北京回来，讨论会已经结束。参考答案：When you come back from Beijing next week, the discussion will have finishe D.
8. 到下周末，我在这儿就整整一年了。参考答案：By next weekend, I'll have been here for a whole year.
9. 车未停稳，切勿下车。参考答案：Don't get off the bus till it stops.
10. 瞧! 乌云满天，就要下雨了。参考答案：Look! The dark clouds are gathering. It is going to rain.
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Unit 4
Page 117
Ⅰ. Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.（选择最佳答案,完成以下句子。）
1. That factory ____________ nearly 50 years ago.
A. has been built B. had built C. was built D. has built【C】
答案讲解：根据时间状语nearly 50 years ago，可知谓语动词应该用一般过去时；而主语the factory和谓语build之间是被动关系，所以答案为C。句子的意思是：“这个工厂修建于50年前。”
2. We all believe that computer____________ smaller and smaller in the coming years. A. can be become B. will be got C. will be changed D. can turn【D】
答案讲解：此题意思是：“我们都相信在未来几年中计算机会变得越来越小。”能表达此意的只有A、B和D选项。动词become、get和turn + adj.可以构成主系表结构，且不用被动语态，所以答案应选D。
3. He ____________ not to leave waste paper in public places any more. A. warns B. warned C. is warned D. was warned【D】
答案讲解：分析句子结构，主语he和谓语warn之间是被动关系，而这件事很明显是发生在过去，所以答案为D。句子的意思是：“他被警告不要再把废纸扔在公共场所。” 4. Don't worry. Everything will____________in time.
A. be finished B. finish C. finished D. be finishing【A】
答案讲解：主语everything和谓语动词finish之间是被动关系。在将来时态中，被动语态形式为“主语+will be + V.p.p.”，所以答案为A。句子的意思是：“不要担心，每件事都会按时完成。”
5. Such problems ____________ as soon as possible.
A. have solved B. have been solving C. have to solve D. have to be solved【D】
答案讲解：分析句子结构，主语such problems和谓语solve之间是被动关系，所以答案应选D。“主语+ have to + be +V.p.p.”的意思是“不得不被……”。句子的意思是：“这样的问题不得不尽快解决。”
6. Her application for the position ____________ by the boss.
A. was refused B. was refusing C. refused D. is refusing【A】 答案讲解：分析句子结构，主语her application for the position和谓语refuse之间是被动关系，所以答案应选A。句子的意思是：“她申请那个职位被老板拒绝了。” 7. The event ____________ at the time last year.
A. happens B. happened C. is happened D. was happened【B】
答案讲解：动词happen是不及物动词，没有被动语态；时间状语at the time last year表明这件事发生在过去，应该用一般过去时，所以答案为B。句子的意思是：“这件事发生在去年的这个时候。”
8. Much ____________ in the past few years.
A. has done B. did C. has been done D. was done【C】 答案讲解：主语much和动词do之间是被动关系，时间状语in the past few years是现在完成时的一个标志，所以正确答案是C。句子的意思是：“在过去的几年中完成了很多事情。” 9. Because of the rainy day, the match ____________
A. has been putting off B. has put off C. put off D. has been put off【D】
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答案讲解：主语the match和谓语put off之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，所以答案为D。句子的意思是：“由于下雨，比赛被推迟了。”
10. Working hours in the United States ____________over the past 20 years.
A. have increased B. increased C. were increasing D. have been increased【A】
答案讲解：increase在句中表示一种状态而不是动作，所以不能用被动语态；根据时间状语over the past 20 years，可知本句应用现在完成时，表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响，所以答案为A。句子的意思是：“在美国过去的20年中，工作时间增加了。”
11. Since computers were invented, it ____________ that they are indispensable for scientific research.
A. thought B. has been thought C. is thinking D. had thought【B】
答案讲解：it在句中作形式主语，句子真正的主语是that引导的从句，而且it和think是被动关系，应用被动语态，所以应选B。句子的意思是：“自从计算机发明以来，人们就认为它们对科学研究而言是必不可少的。”
12. He was told that after he graduated he ____________ by a company.
A. would be employed B. would get employed C. would be employing D. would employ【A】
答案讲解：主语he和谓语employ之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，而get employed是比较口语化的一种被动语态，这种结构中很少用by短语，所以答案为A。句子的意思是：“他被告知毕业后会被一家公司聘用。”
13. The steps of progress in society ____________ of as having happened in a short time. A. must not think B. must not be thought C. must think D. thought【B】
答案讲解：主语the steps of progress in society和谓语think of之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，所以应选B。句子的意思是“不应该认为社会进步的步伐会在短时间内发生。” 14. His wife told him that the kitchen ____________ cleaned by the sweeper. A. was being B. was getting C. has been D. got【A】
答案讲解：主语the kitchen和谓语clean之间是被动关系，应该用被动语态。get +V.p.p.是比较口语化的一种被动语态，这种结构中很少用by短语，故可以排除B和D。主句是一般过去时，从句也应用过去时态，故又可以排除C。所以，正确答案为A，这是过去进行时的被动语态结构。句子的意思是：“他的妻子告诉他清洁工正在打扫厨房。” 15. Owing to the snowstorm, the trip to the mountain ____________.
A. has been canceling B. has canceled C. canceled D. has been canceled【D】
答案讲解：the trip to the mountain和cancel 之间是动宾关系，所以这里应该用被动语态，用be+V.p.p.的形式，这里符合要求的只有D，因此正确答案应该是D。 Page 118
Ⅱ. Turn the following sentences into passive voice.（把下列句子变成被动语态。） 1. They make machines in that factory. 参考答案：Machines are made in that factory. 2. People don't grow rice in the west of Japan. 参考答案：Rice is not grown in the west of Japan. 3. What does the teacher often tell the boys to do? 参考答案：What are the boys often told to do?
4. How many desks do they buy every term? 参考答案：How many desks are bought every term?
5. They sold that kind of shoes in this shop last week. 参考答案：That kind of shoes was sold in this shop last week.
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6. Cranny told us a story last night.参考答案：We were told a story last night. (A story was told to us last night.)
7. Did he clean the blackboard just now? 参考答案：Was the blackboard cleaned by him just now?
8. When did she cook supper yesterday?参考答案：When was supper cooked yesterday? 9. We must tie the young tree to the stick. 参考答案：The young tree must be tied to the stick.
10. You should take good care of her baby. 参考答案：Her baby should be taken good care of by you. Page119
Ⅲ. Translate the following Chinese sentences into English by using passive voice.（下列汉语句子翻译成英语,用被动语态。）
1. 要认真对待那个问题。参考答案：The problem must be dealt with seriously. 2. 这种陈旧的教学方法必须废弃。参考答案：This out-of-date teaching method must be done away with.
3. 厨房里烟雾弥漫。参考答案：The kitchen was filled with smoke.
4. 此药应在饭后服用。参考答案：The medicine should be taken after dinner. 5. 这里的资源几乎没有利用过。参考答案：The natural resources here were hardly ever made use of.
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Unit 5
Page142-144
Ⅰ. Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.（选择最佳答案,完成以下句子。）
1. This company was the first____________portable radios as well as cassette tape recorders in the world.
A. producing B. to produce C. having produced D. produced【B】 解析：本句需要动词不定式来做后置定语，修饰the first, 所以应选B。整句话的意思是：这家公司是世界上首家生产便携式收音机和盒式磁带录音机的公司。
2. The purpose of new technology is to make life easier,____________it more difficult.
A. not making B. not make C. not to make D. nor to make 【C】
解析：本句需要动词不定式来做与is to make life easier并列的表语，所以应选C。整句话的意思是：新技术的目的是让生活更轻松，而不是更困难。
3. Helen had to shout____________above the sound of the music. A. making herself hear B. to make herself hear
C. making herself heard D. to make herself heard 【D】
解析：本句需要动词不定式来做动词shout的目的状语，所以应在B和D之间选择。而“让自己被别人听到”应该用heard，而不是hear，所以应该选D。整句话的意思是：海伦不得不大声喊，以使别人能在音乐声中听到她的声音。
4. I don't know whether you happen____________, but I am going to study in the U.S.A this September.
A. to be heard B. to be hearing C. to hear D. to have heard 【D】
解析：根据句意，这里应该用动词不定式的完成时来表示“已经听说”，所以应该选D。整句话的意思是：不知道你是不是已经听说了，反正我今年9月就要到美国留学了。
5. The news reporters hurried to the airport, only____________the film stars had left.
A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told【B】
解析：本句中的only to do sth.是固定短语，常在句中做结果状语，表示很令人遗憾、失望或伤心的结果，所以应从A和B中选择。根据句意，the news reporter应是动词tell的宾语，所以应该用动词不定式的被动语态，故应该选B。整句话的意思是：那位记者匆匆赶到机场，却被告知那些影星已经走了。
6. You were silly not ____________your car.
A. to lock B. to have locked C. locking D. having locked 【B】
解析：本句需要动词不定式来做原因状语，并根据句意判断，应该用不定式的完成时，所以应选B。整句话的意思是：你没有锁车，真傻。
7. The teacher asked us ____________ so much noise.
A .don't make B. not make C. not making D. not to make 【D】 解析：本句需要动词不定式来做ask的直接宾语，并根据句意判断，应该用不定式的否定式，所以应选D。整句话的意思是：老师让我们不要这么吵。
8. An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered____________clear warnings before firing any shots.
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A. to issue B. being issued C. to have issued D. to be issued【A】
解析：本句需要动词不定式来做order的宾语，并根据句意判断，不需要用不定式的被动式或完成式，所以应选A。整句话的意思是：军方发言人强调，已经命令所有的士兵在开枪之前都必须发出明确的示警信号。
9. I'd rather have a room of my own, however small it is, than____________a room with someone else.
A. to share B. to have shared C. share D. sharing【C】
解析：本句用的是would rather do sth. than do sth.句型，than后面的动词不定式一般省去不定式符号to，所以应选C。整句话的意思是：我宁愿要一间属于自己的屋子，多小都行，也不愿和别人同住一个房间。
10. The bank is reported in the local newspaper____________ in broad daylight yesterday.
A. robbed B. to have been robbed C. being robbed D. having been robbed 【B】
解析：本句需要动词不定式来做主语the bank的补足语，并根据句意判断，应该用不定式的完成被动式，所以应选B。整句话的意思是：据报道，那家银行昨天在光天化日之下遭到了抢劫。
11. A number of paintings in the castle are believed____________in a fire. A. being destroyed B. having been destroyed
C. to be destroyed D. to have been destroyed【D】
解析：本句需要动词不定式来做主语a number of paintings的补足语，并根据句意判断，应该用不定式的完成被动式，所以应选D。整句话的意思是：据称，古堡中的一批油画已经在一场大火中被烧毁。
12. The meeting ____________next week is sure to be a great success.
A. to take place B. to be taken place C. to have taken place D. being taken place 【A】
解析：本句需要动词不定式来做主语the meeting的后置定语，并根据句意判断，不需要用不定式的完成式或被动式，所以应选A整句话的意思是：下周要开的会一定会取得圆满成功。 13. As a result of my laziness, I failed____________my work in time. A. and finished B. to finish C. and finishing D. to finished【B】
解析：本句需要动词不定式来做谓语动词fail的宾语，所以应选B。整句话的意思是：因为我的懒惰，我没能按时完成我的工作。
14. I am sorry____________ written you a letter at the time.
A. to have not B. to not have C. not to have D. not having【C】
解析：本句需要动词不定式来做原因状语，表示过去没有做到的事情，应该用不定式的否定式，所以应选C。整句话的意思是：我很抱歉当时没有写信给你。 15. Will you lend him a magazine ____________?
A. to be read B. for reading C. to read D. he read 【C】
解析：本句需要动词不定式来做名词magazine的定语，而且read的动作执行者已经出现，是him，所以不需要用被动式，所以应选C。整句话的意思是：你能借本书给他读吗？ 16. He could do nothing but____________for the bus____________.
A. wait ... to come B. wait ... come C. waiting ... coming D. waited ... came
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【A】 解析：本句中第一个空白处需要动词不定式来做介词but的宾语，因为but之前出现了行为动词do，所以动词不定式的符号to可省去；而第二个空白处需要动词不定式来做bus的定语，to不能省去，所以应选A。整句话的意思是：他什么事情也做不了，只能等公共汽车来。 17. It is a problem that doesn't need____________right now. A. to solve B. solving C. being solved D. to be solving【B】
解析：本句中动词need后面的搭配是need doing sth.或need to be done，所以应选B。整句话的意思是：这是一个不需要马上解决的问题。
18. There's a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means____________trouble.
A. making B. to make C. to have made D. having made【B】
解析：本句中动词mean后面的搭配有两种：mean to do sth.和mean doing sth.，分别表示不同的含义：mean to do表示“打算要做什么”，mean doing表示“意思是??，意味着??”，所以根据句意应选B。整句话的意思是：在接待处有个人看上去似乎很生气，我觉得他要找麻烦。
19. I remember____________him____________the bike needed____________. A. hearing ... saying ... to repair B. to hear ... say ... to repair
C. hearing ... say ... repairing D. to hear ... saying ... to be repaired【C】 解析：本句中第一个空白处前面的动词remember的搭配有两种：remember to do sth.（记得要去做什么）和remember doing sth.（记得已经做了什么），根据句意，应该用hearing，表示“记得已经听说”；第二个空白处是hear s B. do sth.句型，而且此时动词不定式的符号to要省去；最后一个空白处可参照第17题的解析。所以，正确答案应该是C。整句话的意思是：我记得听他说过那辆自行车需要修理。
20. — You should have thanked her before you left.
— I meant____________, but when I was leaving I couldn't find her anywhere. A. to do B. to C. doing D. doing so【B】
解析：本句中练习的还是mean后面的搭配，可参照第18题的解析。另外，为了避免重复，可以用to来代替前面的to thank her，所以应选B。整句话的意思是：——你原本应该在离开之前向她表示感谢。——我是打算这么做的，可是当我要走的时候，我却找不到她了。 21. Robert is said to____________abroad, but I don't know what country he studied in.
A. to have studied B. to study C. to be studying D. to have been studying 【A】
解析：本句需要动词不定式的完成式来做谓语动词is said的宾语，所以应选A。整句话的意思是：听说罗伯特已经出国留学了，不过我不知道他是在哪个国家学习。
22. I’m going to Xi'an next week. Have you anything ____________to your parents? A. to take B. to be taken C. to be bought to D. to buy【B】
解析：本句需要动词不定式来做anything的定语；根据句意，take的动作执行者是I，而不是you，所以应该用不定式的被动式，即应选B。整句话的意思是：我下周要去西安，你有东西要捎给你的父母吗？
23. when are they ____________ in their plan? A. hand B. handed C. to hand D. give【C】
解析：本句练习的是be to do sth.，表示“将要或打算做什么”，所以应选C。整句话的意思是：他们打算什么时候提交他们的计划？
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24. In such dry weather, the flowers will have to be watered if they____________. A. have survived B. are to survive C. would survived D. will survive【B】 解析：本句练习的还是be to do sth.，表示“将要做什么”，所以应选B。整句话的意思是：在如此干燥的天气里，想让花存活，就必须要多浇水。 25.
When we hurried to the station, there happened____________no bus at that time. A. to have B. to be C. having D. being【B】
解析：本句需要动词不定式来做谓语动词happen的宾语，表示“碰巧??”，所以应选B。整句话的意思是：当我们赶到车站的时候，碰巧当时没有公共汽车了。 26. I lost my way in complete darkness and, ____________matters worse, it began to rain. A. made B. having made C. making D. to make【D】
解析：本句需要动词不定式来做独立成分，所以应选D。整句话的意思是：我在漆黑一片中迷了路，更糟糕的是，天开始下雨了。
27. At____________time does the salesgirl get up late in the morning, though she is always too busy ____________a good rest.
A. no ... to take B. no ... taking C. any ... to take D. one ... taking【A】 解析：本句中第一个空白处练习的是短语at no times（决不，从不），后面的句子要求用部分倒装的形式；第二个空白处练习的是too ? to do sth.句型，表示“太??而不能做??”，所以应选A。整句话的意思是：尽管这个女售货员总是太忙而不能好好休息，但她早上从来不迟到。
28. — Are you a student?
— No, but I used ____________.
A. to be B. to was C. to do D. to be a【A】
解析：本句练习的是短语used to do sth.，表示“过去曾经做了什么”。另外，在省略的不定式结构中含有be动词是要保留的，所以应选A。整句话的意思是：——你是学生吗？——不是，不过我曾经是。
29. I stopped to listen, and my son seemed____________ himself____________in the living room.
A. to enjoy ... to shut B. to be enjoying ... shutting
C. to be enjoying ... shut D. to have enjoyed ... having shut 【C】
解析：本句中第一个空白处练习的是seem to do sth.（似乎），并根据前一句话的意思，应该用动词不定式的进行时态，表示“正在??”。第二个空白处练习的是enjoy oneself do sth.(自得其乐)，此处动词不定式的符号to省去。所以，正确答案应该是C。整句话的意思是：我停下来听了听，儿子似乎很喜欢一个人关在客厅自得其乐。
30. With a lot of difficult problems ____________, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.
A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled【C】
解析：本句需要动词不定式来做后置定语，修饰problems, 所以应选C。整句话的意思是：有这么多难题要解决，新当选的总统日子并不好过。
31. We're leaving at six o'clock, and hope ______most of the journey by lunch time A. to do B. to have done C. to make D. to have made【B】
解析：本句需要动词不定式来做谓语动词hope的宾语，根据短语by lunch time判断要用完成时态，而make the journey表示“成行”，与句意不符，所以应该用do，即应选B。
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整句话的意思是：我们6点钟就要离开，希望可以在午饭之前走完大部分的路程。
32. The study of the wild world may help to make the world easier____________. A. understood B. to be understood C. to understand D. understand【C】
解析：本句需要动词不定式和easier一起构成宾语补足语，这里可以用主动表示被动，不需要用被动式，所以应选C。整句话的意思是：对野外世界的研究可以有助于更轻松地了解世界。
33. Who will you get____________the project for us?
A. design B. to design C. designed D. designing【B】
解析：本句需要动词不定式来做谓语动词get的宾语，所以应选B。整句话的意思是：你请了谁来为我们设计这个项目？ 34. It is said in Australia there is more land than the government know____________. A. it what to do with B. what to do it with
C. what to do with it D. to do what with it【C】
解析：本句需要动词不定式和what一起来做know的宾语。另外，短语do with（处理）的宾语应该是紧跟其后，而不是放在中间，所以应选C。整句话的意思是：据说，在澳大利亚，土地的数量超出了政府所知所能处理的范围。
35. We are not allowed____________outdoors with some other children. A. playing B. to be playing C. to play D. be playingd【C】
解析：本句练习的是allow s B. to do sth.，所以应选C。整句话的意思是：（父母）不允许我们在室外和别的孩子玩。
36. Allen had to call a taxi because the box was____ to carry all the way home. A. much too heavy B. too much heavy C. heavy too much D. too heavy much 【A】
解析：本句练习的还是too ? to do sth.句型，表示“太??而不能做??”；而且，当有修饰语来修饰它的时候应该放在too之前，所以应选A。整句话的意思是：艾伦不得不叫了一辆出租车，因为那个盒子太重了，他自己根本搬不回家。
37. She feels strongly that each of us should have a role____________in making the earth a better place to live in.
A. to have playe B. to play C. to be played D. to be playing【B】 解析：本句需要动词不定式来做后置定语，修饰a role, 所以应选C。整句话的意思是：她强烈地感觉到我们每个人都应该在美化地球家园的活动中出自己的一份力。 38. When I handed the report to John, he said that George was the person____________. A. to send B. for sending it C. to send it to D. for sending it to【C】 解析：本句需要动词不定式来做后置定语，修饰the person, 这里the person是send的宾语，所以应选C。整句话的意思是：当我把报告交给约翰的时候，他告诉我应该交给乔治才对。
39. Do let your mother know all the truth; she appears ____________everything. A. to tell B. to be told C. to be telling D. to have been told【D】
解析：本句需要动词不定式来做谓语动词appear的宾语，并根据句意判断要用完成时态，所以应选D。整句话的意思是：一定要让你母亲知道所有的真相，她看上去好像什么都知道了。
40. There are five pairs____________, but I'm at a loss which to buy. A. to be chosen B. to choose from C. to choose D. for choosing【B】
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解析：本句需要动词不定式来做后置定语，修饰five pairs, 而且介词from不能省去，所以应选B。整句话的意思是：有5双可供选择，我却不知道到底该买哪双了。 41. The problem is____________difficult for us____________. A. so ... work out B. very too ... to be worked out
C. rather too ... to work out D. quite too ... to work it out【C】 解析：本句练习的还是too ? to do sth.的句型，表示“太??而不能做??”；而rather是来修饰它的，应该放在too之前，所以应选C。整句话的意思是：这个问题对我们来说太难了，我们还解决不了。
42. — Where should I____________ my application? — The personnel office is the place ____________. A. send ... to send it B. send for ... to send it to
C. send for ... for sending it D. send ... to send it to【D】
解析：本句第一个空白处需要一个动词来做谓语，而send for表示“派人去请”，不符合句意，所以应该用send。第二个空白处可参照第38题的解析。所以，正确答案应该是D。整句话的意思是：——我应该把我的申请交到哪儿？——应该交到人事处。
43. I've worked with children before, so I know what____________in my new jo B. A. expected B. to expect C. expects D. to be expecting【B】
解析：本句需要动词不定式和what一起来做know的宾语，所以应选B。整句话的意思是：我以前的工作就是和孩子们打交道，所以我知道这份新工作会带给我什么。 44. I feel it is your husband who____________for the spoiled chil D.
A. is to blame B. is going to blame C. is to be blamed D. should blame【A】 解析：本句练习的还是be to do sth.句型，表示“要做什么”。而且，这个句型一般用主动表示被动，所以应选A。整句话的意思是：我觉得你丈夫应该为宠坏的孩子而受到批评。 45. Can you imagine the questions I had____________ our teacher? A. asked B. to ask C. asking D. ask【B】
解析：本句考查短语have to do sth.的用法，所以应选B。整句话的意思是：你能想像我不得不问老师的那些问题吗？
46. Who did you____________ the wall yesterday?
A. have painted B. have paint C. have to paint D. have painting【B】 解析：本句练习的是have s B. do sth.（请某人做某事），此处动词不定式的符号要省去，所以应选B。整句话的意思是：昨天你请谁来刷墙了？ 47. — What's the matter with John?
— He didn't pass the test but he still____________. A. hopes so B. hopes to C. hope it D. hope that【B】
解析：本句中为避免重复，可用to来代替前面的to pass the test，所以应选B。整句话的意思是：——约翰怎么了？——他考试没过，不过他还是希望能考过。
48. Much attention should be paid ____________people's living conditions. A. in improving B. to improve C. improving D. to improving【D】
解析：本句练习的是短语pay attention to，这里to是介词，而不是动词不定式的符号，所以应选D。整句话的意思是：我们应该更多地关注改善人民的生活条件。 49. ____that evening was due to his ill health. A. He failed to come B. That he failed to coming
C. His failure to come D. His failure in coming【C】
解析：本句缺少主语，而选项A是完整的句子，不能直接做主语。选项B、C、D是从句或短
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语的形式,都可以做主语，但动词fail或名词failure后面都要跟to do sth. 来做宾语或定语，所以应选C。整句话的意思是：他那天晚上没来是因为他身体不适。
50. I would love ____________to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.
A. to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone【B】
解析：本句练习的是would love to do sth.句型，并根据后面的句意判断要用完成时态，表示过去的意愿，所以应选B。整句话的意思是：我很想参加昨天晚上的聚会，可是我必须加班完成一份报告。
Ⅱ.Rewrite the following sentences in the forms of infinitive。（改写以下句子不定式的形式。）
1. There are still a lot of difficulties we have to overcome. 参考答案：There are still a lot of difficulties for us to overcome.
2. Before the machines leave the factory, there is a series of tests that must be passe D. 参考答案： Before the machines leave the factory, there is a series of tests to be passed/to pass.
3. At the end of the speech he expressed the desire that he should come and work in China someday. 参考答案：At the end of his speech he expressed the desire to come and work in China someday.
4. They signed an agreement that they should expand the trade between the two countries. 参考答案：They signed an agreement to expand the trade between the two countries.
5. The commander gave orders that we should cross the river. 参考答案：The commander gave us orders to cross the river.
Ⅲ. Rewrite the following sentences in the forms of infinitive。（改写以下句子不定式的形式。）
1. She was excited when she heard the news. 参考答案：She was excited to hear the news. 2. I'm glad I have seen your mother. 参考答案：I'm glad to have seen your mother.
3. The mother was pleased when she saw her son doing so well at school. 参考答案：The mother was pleased to see her son doing so well at school.
4. He was very happy when he saw us so happy. 参考答案：He was very happy to see us so happy.
5. They will be disappointed when they hear it. 参考答案：They will be disappointed to hear it. Ⅳ. Rewrite the following sentences in the forms of \（改写以下句子在形式的\或 \）
1. The room is so large that it can hold one hundred people. 参考答案：The room is large enough to hold one hundred people.
2. The room is so small that it can't hold one hundred people. 参考答案：The room is too small (not large enough) to hold one hundred people.
3. The text is so easy that a child can understand it. 参考答案：The text is easy enough for a child to understan D.
4. The text is so difficult that a child can't understand it. 参考答案：The text is too difficult (not easy enough) for a child to understan D.
5. He is so short that he can't be a good basketball player. 参考答案：He is too short (not tall enough) to be a good basketball player.
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Unit 6
Page 174
Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences. （选择最佳答案,完成以下句子。）
1. Mark often attempts to escape ____________ whenever he breaks traffic regulations. A. having been fined B. to have been fined C. to be fined D. being fined 【D】
解析：本句中动词escape需要动名词来做宾语，并根据句意要用被动语态，所以应选D。整句话的意思是：马克无论什么时候违反了交通规则，他经常试图逃避罚款。
2. My wife said in her letter that she would appreciate ____________ from you sometime. A. to have heard B. to hear C. for hearing D. hearing 【D】
解析：本句中动词appreciate需要动名词来做宾语，所以应选D。整句话的意思是：我的妻子在信中说，她很希望能适时收到你的来信。
3. he thief took away the woman's wallet without____________. A. being seen B. seeing C. him seeing D. seeing him 【A】
解析：本句中介词without需要动名词来做宾语，并根据句意要用被动语态，所以应选A。整句话的意思是：那个小偷在没被发现的情况下偷走了那位女士的钱包。
4. People appreciate____________ with him because he has a good sense of humor. A. to work B. to have worked C. working D. have working 【C】
解析：本句中动词appreciate需要动名词来做宾语，所以应选C。整句话的意思是：人们都喜欢和他一起工作，因为他很有幽默感。 5. I've enjoyed____________ to talk with you.
A. to be able B. being able C. to been able D. of being able【B】
解析：本句中动词enjoy需要动名词来做宾语，所以应选B。整句话的意思是：能和你谈话，我很高兴。
6. No one can avoid ____________by advertisements.
A. to be influenced B. being influenced C. influencing D. having influenced 【B】
解析：本句中动词avoid需要动名词来做宾语，并根据句意要用被动语态，所以应选B。整句话的意思是：没有人能免受广告的影响。
7. They are considering ____________ before the prices go up. A. of buying the house B. with buying the house C. buying the house D. to buy the house【C】
解析：本句中动词consider需要动名词来做宾语，所以应选C。整句话的意思是：他们正在考虑在房价上涨之前买房。
8. He thought that ____________. A. the effort doing the job was not worth
B. the effort was not worth in doing the job C. it was not worth the effort doing the job D. it was not worth the effort by doing the job 【C】 解析：本句练习的是it is worth (the effort) doing sth.句型，意思是“值得做……”，所以应选C。整句话的意思是：他认为不值得费力来做这项工作。
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9. If I had remembered____________the door, the things would not have been stolen. A. to lock B. locking C. to have locked D. having locked【A】
解析：本句练习的是动词remember的用法，remember的搭配有两种：remember to do sth.（记得要去做什么可还没有做）和remember doing sth.（记得已经做了什么）。根据句意，应该用to do sth.来做宾语，所以应选A。整句话的意思是：要是我当时记得锁门的话，东西就不会被盗了。
10. Your shirt needs____________ . You'd better have it done today. A. iron B. to iron C. ironing D. being ironed【C】
解析：本句中动词need需要动名词来做宾语，并用主动表示被动，所以应选C。整句话的意思是：你的衬衫该熨了。你最好今天就熨。
11. You can't help____________commercials; every few minutes the program is interrupted to give you one advertisement or another.
A. to hear B. to be heard C. hearing D. with hearing【C】 解析：本句中动词短语can’t help需要动名词来做宾语，意思是“禁不住，不能不做??”，所以应选C。整句话的意思是：你不能不听广告，每隔几分钟，节目中间就会插播这样那样的广告。
12. My transistor radio isn't working. It ____________.
A. need repairing B. needs to repair C. needs repairing D. need to be repaired 【C】
解析：本句中练习的还是动词need的用法，它需要动名词来做宾语，并用主动表示被动，所以应选C。选项D的错误是need没有变成第三人称单数形式。整句话的意思是：我的晶体管收音机坏了，该修了。
13. It is no use____________me not to worry.
A. you tell B. your telling C. for you to have told D. having told【B】
解析：本句练习的是it is no use doing sth.句型，意思是“……没有用”。另外，此处根据句意要用动名词的复合结构，即“逻辑主语（物主代词）+动名词”，所以应选B。整句话的意思是：你告诉我别担心是没有用的。
14. He is very busy____________ his papers. He is far too busy____________callers. A. to write ... to receive B. writing ... to receive
C. writing ... receiving D. to write ... for receiving【B】
解析：本句中第一个空白处练习的是be busy doing sth.句型，意思是“忙于做……”，第二个空白处练的是too ... to do sth.句型，所以应选B。整句话的意思是：他在忙着写论文。他太忙了，没时间会客。
15. The suspect at last admitted ____________stolen goods but denied____________them. A. receiving ... selling B. to receive ... to sell
C. to receiving ... to selling D. to have received ... to have sold【A】
解析：本句中第一个空白处前的动词admit需要动名词来做宾语，第二个空白处前的动词deny也需要动名词来做宾语，所以应选A。整句话的意思是：犯罪嫌疑人最后承认收到了偷来的货物，但否认把它们卖掉了。
16. She apologized for____________to come.
A. her not being able B. her being not able C. not being able D. that she's not able to【A】 解析：本句中介词for需要动名词来做宾语，并根据句意要用动名词的复合结构，即“逻辑主语（物主代词）+动名词”，所以应选A。整句话的意思是：她为不能来而道歉。 17. I really appreciate____________to help me, but I am sure that I can manage by myself.
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A. you to offer B. that you offer C. your offering D. that you are offering【C】
解析：本句中动词appreciate需要动名词来做宾语，并根据句意要用动名词的复合结构，即“逻辑主语（物主代词）+动名词”，所以应选C。整句话的意思是：感谢你提出要帮我，但我觉得自己一定能行。
18. Please stop____________, boys. I have something important to____________ you. A. saying ... talk B. telling ... say C. talking ... speak D. talking ... tell【D】
解析：本句中的动词stop有两种搭配：stop doing (停下正在做的事情)和stop to do（停下来去做另一件事）。根据句意，应该用stop doing；另外，“说话”应该用talk，而“告诉某人某事”应该用tell s B. sth.，所以应选D。整句话的意思是：孩子们，别说话了，我有重要的事情要告诉你们。
19 .Tony, would you go and see if Sam has any difficulty____________his tape recorder? A. to fix B. fixing C. for fixing D. fix【B】
解析：本句练习的是have difficulty (in) doing sth.句型，意思是“……有困难”，这里介词in可省去，所以应选B。整句话的意思是：托尼，你能过去看看山姆修录音机有没有什么困难吗？
20. — Why isn't Nancy going to meet us?
— It's my fault. I forgot all about ____________her.
A. telephoning B. to telephone C. to telephone to D. the telephoning to 【B】
解析：本题考查动词forget的用法，“forget to do sth.”意为“忘记去做某事”，而“forget doing sth.”意为“忘记做了某事”；“给某人打电话”要用“telephone s B.”， 所以应选B。整句话的意思是：——南希为什么不来和我们会合。——是我的错，我忘了给她打电话了。 21. — Why were you late?
— I had a hard time____________up this morning. A. to get B. get C. got D. getting【D】
解析：本句练习的是have a hard time doing sth.句型，意思是“……有困难”，所以应选D。整句话的意思是：——你今天为什么迟到了？——我早上起不来了。 22. I remember ____________ to help us if we ever got into trouble.
A. once offering B. him once offering C. him to offer D. to offer him【B】
解析：本句练习的是动词remember的用法，remember的搭配有两种：remember to do sth.（记得要去做什么可还没有做）和remember doing sth.（记得已经做了什么）。根据句意，应该用 doing sth.来做宾语，并根据句意要用动名词的复合结构，即“逻辑主语（物主代词）+动名词”，所以应选B。整句话的意思是：我记得他曾经说过一旦我们遇到麻烦，他会帮助我们的。
23. John regretted ____________ to the meeting last week.
A. not going B. not to go C. not having been going D. not to be going【A】
解析：本句中动词regret需要动名词来做宾语，所以应选A。整句话的意思是：约翰为上周没去开会而感到遗憾。
24. It is difficult to get used ____________in a tent after having soft, comfortable bed to lie on. A. sleep B. to sleeping C. slept D. to sleep【B】
解析：本句练习的是get used to doing sth.句型(这里to是介词)，意思是“习惯于……”，所以应选B。整句话的意思是：能有一张柔软舒适的床躺在上面的话，就很难习惯睡在帐篷里。 25. He gives people the impression____________many poems.
A．of having written B. to have written C. of being written D. to write
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【A】 解析：本句中名词impression后面需要用“of+动名词”来做定语，并根据句意需要用完成时态而不是被动语态，所以应选A。整句话的意思是：他给人们留下了写过很多诗的印象。 26. Do you feel like ____________out or would you rather____________dinner at home? A. going ... to have B. to go ... to have C. to go ... having D. going ... have 【D】
解析：本句中第一个空白处前的动词短语feel like需要动名词来做宾语，意思是“想要做……”；第二个空白处前的would rather需要动词不定式来做宾语，且省去不定式符号to，所以应选D。整句话的意思是：你想出去吃晚饭还是宁可在家里吃？ 27. Prior to____________ the formal speech, first he will introduce himself. A. delivering B. deliver C. being delivering D. being delivered【A】
解析：本句中介词to需要动名词来做宾语，而且根据句意判断不需要用被动语态，所以应选A。整句话的意思是：在做正式的演讲之前，他会先介绍一下自己。 28. I don't mind____________by bus, but I hate____________in queues. A. to travel ... standinge B. having traveled ... standing C. traveling ... to stand D. traveling ... standing【D】 解析：本句中第一个空白处前的动词mind需要动名词来做宾语，第二个空白处前的动词hate也需要动名词来做宾语，而且根据句意判断不需要用完成时态，所以应选D。整句话的意思是：我不介意乘公共汽车出行，但我不喜欢站着排队。
29. What about____________ double quantities of everything today? We have hardly time to go____________next week.
A. buying ... to shop B. buy ... shopping C. buying ... shopping D. to buy ... shopping【C】 解析：本句中第一个空白处前的介词about需要动名词来做宾语，第二个空白处前的动词go也需要动名词来做宾语，所以应选C。整句话的意思是：今天什么东西都买双份怎么样？下周我们很难有时间来买东西了。
30. We had some trouble ______ the house and nobody seemed ____ where it was.
A. in finding ... knowing B. finding ... to know C. to find ... knowing D. to find ... to know 【B】
解析：本句中第一个空白处练习的是have some trouble in doing sth.句型，意思是“……有麻烦”；第二个空白处前的动词seem要求用动词不定式来做宾语，所以应选B。整句话的意思是：找那栋房子时我们遇到点麻烦，好像谁也不知道它在哪儿。
31. We can't imagine ____________ in the entrance examination, for she has never been to school.
A. she succeeding B. her succeeding C. she succeed D. her to succeed【B】 解析：本句中动词imagine需要动名词来做宾语，并根据句意要用动名词的复合结构，即“逻辑主语（物主代词）+动名词”，所以应选B。整句话的意思是：我们很难想像她成功地通过了入学考试，因为她从来没上过学。 32. I don't like____________at me.
A. them laughing B. their laugh C. them laugh D. them to have laughed【A】
解析：本句中动词like需要动名词来做宾语，并根据句意要用动名词的复合结构，即“逻辑主语（物主代词）+动名词”，这里的物主代词也可换成人称代词的宾格形式，所以应选A。整句话的意思是：我不喜欢他们嘲笑我。
33. We suggested____________in hotels but the children were anxious____________out. A. sleeping ... to camp B. sleeping ... camping
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C. to sleep ... to camp D. to sleep ... camping【A】
解析：本句中第一个空白处前的动词suggest需要动名词来做宾语；第二个空白处练习的是be anxious to do sth.句型，意思是“着急做……”，所以应选A。整句话的意思是：我们建议在宾馆里过夜，可孩子们却急着要在外面露营。
34. I have no objection____________the evening with them.
A. to spend B. to spending C. of spending D. spending【B】
解析：本句练习的是have no objection to doing sth.句型(这里to是介词)，意思是“不反对做……”，所以应选B。整句话的意思是：我不反对和他们一起过夜。
35. After____________for the job, you will be required to take a language test. A. being interviewed B. interviewed C. interviewing D. having interviewed 【A】
解析：本句中介词after需要动名词来做宾语，而且根据句意判断需要用被动语态，所以应选A。整句话的意思是：在这份工作的面试之后，你将按要求进行一次语言测试。
36. The match was cancelled because most of the members____________ a match without a standard court.
A. objected to having B. were objected to have
C. objected to have D. were objected to having【A】
解析：本句练习的是短语object to doing sth. (这里to是介词)，意思是“反对做……”，所以应选A。整句话的意思是：比赛被取消了，因为大多数队员反对在没有正规场地的情况下进行比赛。
37. Jean did not have time to go to the concert last night because she was busy____________for her examination.
A. to prepare B. to be prepared C. preparing D. being prepared【C】
解析：本句练习的还是be busy doing sth.句型，意思是“忙于做……”，所以应选C。整句话的意思是：吉恩没时间去听音乐会，因为她正在忙着准备考试。
38. It is no good____________remember grammatical rules. You need to practice what you have learne D.
A. trying to B. to try to C. try to D. tried to【A】
解析：本句练习的是it is no good doing sth.句型，意思是“……没有好处”，所以应选B。整句话的意思是：努力去记语法规则没什么好处。你需要不断练习你所学到的东西。 39. After ____________him better, I regretted____________ him unfairly. A. getting to know ... to judge B. getting to know ... to have judged
C. getting to have know ... judging D. getting to know ... having judged 【D】 解析：本句中第一个空白处前的介词after需要动名词来做宾语，第二个空白处前的动词regret也需要动名词来做宾语；而且，根据句意判断第一个空白处不需要用完成时态，而第二个空白处需要用完成时态，所以应选B。整句话的意思是：在逐渐了解他之后，我为自己当初对他的不公正判断而感到愧疚。
40. He is looking forward to____________his holiday in Britain.
A. spend B. have spent C. spending D. having been spending【C】
解析：本句练习的是短语look forward to doing sth. (这里to是介词)，意思是“向往，盼望做……”，所以应选C。整句话的意思是：他在盼望着去英国度假。
41. Before____________the house, you should get a surveyor____________it over. A. buying ... looking B. having bought ... to look
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C. buying ... to have looked D. buying ... to look【D】
解析：本句中第一个空白处前的介词before需要动名词来做宾语，并根据句意判断不需要用完成时态；第二个空白处练习的是get s B. to do sth.，意思是“请某人做某事”，所以应选D。整句话的意思是：在买房子之前，你应该请一位测量员来好好看看。
42. In some countries people favor____________ together even though there is much more space. A. to stay B. stay C. staying D. stayed【C】
解析：本句中动词favor需要动名词来做宾语，所以应选C。整句话的意思是：在某些国家，即使没有足够的空间，人们也喜欢呆在一起。 43. — Why was Fred so upset?
— He isn’t used____________criticize D.
A. be B. to be C. to being D. having been【C】
解析：本句练习的是be used to doing sth.句型(这里to是介词)，意思是“习惯于……”，所以应选C。整句话的意思是：——佛瑞德为什么如此不安？——他还不习惯被批评。 44. It’s no use ____________to get a bargain these days.
A. to expect B. expecting C. wanting D. you expect【B】
解析：本句练习的还是it is no use doing sth.句型，意思是“……没有用”，所以应选B。整句话的意思是：这些日子里，想讨价还价是没有用的。 45. — Why were you so late for work today?
— ____________to the office was very slow this morning because of the traffi C. A. Driving B. I drove C. To drive D. That I drove【A】
解析：本句缺少主语，动词不定式和动名词都可以做主语，动名词做主语表示一般或抽象的多次性行为，不定式做主语往往表示具体的或一次性的动作。根据句意，这里应该用动名词来做主语，表示经常性的行为。所以，正确答案应该是A。整句话的意思是：——你今天上班为什么迟到这么久？——因为堵车，今天早上开车来单位走得特别慢。 46. It was impolite of him____________ without____________good-bye. A. to leave ... saying B. leaving ... to say
C. to leave ... to say D. leaving ... saying【A】
解析：本句第一个空白处练习的是it is +adj.+of s B. to do sth.句型，意思是“某人做……是……”；第二个空白处前的介词要求动名词来做宾语，所以应选A。整句话的意思是：他没说再见就走了，真没礼貌。
47． He kept ____________to his parents. A. putting off to write B. to put off to write
C. putting off writing D. to put off writing【C】
解析：本句中动词keep需要动名词来做宾语，所以应选C。整句话的意思是：他不断推迟给父母写信的时间。
48. I'll go with you after I get through with ____________the house. A. cleaning B. to cleaning C. to be cleaned D. having cleaned【A】
解析：本句中介词with需要动名词来做宾语，并根据句意判断不需要用完成时态，所以应选A。整句话的意思是：等我打扫完屋子之后，就和你一起去。
49. With apples at 25 cents a pound, we couldn't resist____________four pounds. A. to take B. took C. taking D. have taken【C】
解析：本句中动词resist需要动名词来做宾语，所以应选C。整句话的意思是：苹果1磅才25美分，我们忍不住买了4磅。
50. How can you keep the machine ____________when you are away?
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A. run B. to run C. running D. being run【C】
解析：本句练习的是短语keep sth. doing，意思是“让……一直……”，并根据句意判断不需要用被动语态，所以应选C。整句话的意思是：你是怎么让机器在你不在的时候还一直运转的呢？
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Unit 7
Page 200
VIII. Pay attention to the italicized parts in the English sentences and translate the Chinese sentences by simulating the structure of the English sentences.（注意斜体印出的部分在英语句子和翻译中文句子结构进行数值模拟的英文句子。）
1. Imagine finding that your school has just got the best toy possible, and that you are allowed to play with it in your spare time.
Imagine that you could live in such a splendid apartment. 想像一下在空中自由飞翔的感觉。
参考答案：Imagine flying freely in the sky.
想像你能在国外生活并且能够在那样的环境里学习英语。
参考答案：Imagine that you could live abroad and study English in that environment.
2. These dreams have all come true for Bill Gates, who is the most famous person in the world of computers.
The people who called yesterday want to buy the house.
史密斯太太将加入这所学校，她在初级教育方面颇有经验。
参考答案：Mrs. Smith, who has a lot of teaching experience at junior level, will be joining the school.
你认识住在这儿的那些人吗？
参考答案：Do you know the people who live here?
3. But it takes more than luck to take one young man from a small, stuffy room with a noisy computer to the headquarters of a company that employs more than 20000 people in 56 countries.
It takes us more than 2 hours to walk there. 能使一个人受人尊敬的不仅仅是名声。
参考答案：It takes more than fame to make a person respectable. 她用了整个下午才完成这项工作。
参考答案：It took her all afternoon to finish this work.
4. By missing classes at school — and later dropping out of university — he devoted himself to computer programming.
You can switch it on by pressing this button. 她靠卖保险为生。
参考答案：She earns her living by selling insurance. 凭借日日夜夜辛勤的工作，他终于取得了成功。
参考答案：By working hard day and night, he succeeded at last.
5.Later decisions, such as the move to devote all of Microsoft's staff, money and time into developing Windows, provided similarly good results.
She has a lot of good virtues, such as diligence, warm-heartedness, kindness and bravery. 诸如污染、人口膨胀这些社会问题越来越引起我们的关注。
参考答案：Social problems, such as pollution and population explosion are drawing more and more attention of us.
媒体，比如电视、网络、报纸等在人们的生活中起到越来越重要的作用。
参考答案：Media, such as TV, network, newspapers and so on, are playing an increasingly
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important role in people's life. Page201
IX. Translate the following sentences into English.（将下列句子译成英语。） 1. 作为父亲，他有责任给他的孩子提供良好的教育。参考答案：As a father he has the duty to provide his children with good education.
2. 大厅内不准吸烟。参考答案：Smoking is not allowed in the hall.
3. 小企业因利率下降而得到了很大的好处。参考答案：The small businesses have benefited greatly from the fall in interest rates.
4. 你能想像得出他们告诉我那个消息时我是多么惊奇吗? 参考答案：Can you imagine my surprise when they told me the news.
5. 他的父母试图阻止他成为一名演员。参考答案：His parents tried to discourage him from becoming an actor. Page201
X. Translate the following sentences into Chinese. （把下面的句子翻译成中文。） 1. I magine finding that your school has just got the best toy possible, and that you are allowed to play with it in your spare time. 参考答案：设想一下，你发现自己的学校刚刚购置了一种最棒的玩具，而你得到允许可以在课余时间去玩它，这一定是许多孩子的梦想。
2. Bill Gates is a skillful and intelligent businessman, and the huge success of Microsoft has made him a powerful person. 参考答案：比尔·盖茨是一位精明聪慧的企业家，而且微软公司的巨大成功使他成了一位富有影响的大人物。
3. Bill Gates has taken risks throughout his life and has usually benefited from these decisions. 参考答案：比尔·盖茨一生都在冒险，而且通常能够从中获益。
4. But even Gates himself would discourage young people nowadays from gambling too much with their education. 参考答案：现在就连比尔·盖茨本人也并不鼓励年轻人以辍学的代价去赌博一番。
5. True, he did take those risks, but in the end, it was the hard work that translated those risks into his fortune and success. 参考答案：的确，他冒了这样的风险，但最终是勤奋的工作将这种冒险转化为了财富和成功。 Page206
Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.（选择最佳答案,完成以下句子。）
1. You aren't using this typewriter, ____________ ?
A. are you B. do you C. will you D. have you【A】
解析：根据反意疑问句构成的基本原则，如果前一部分为否定形式，那么后一部分就用肯定形式，而且两部分的时态要一致，所以应选A。整句话的意思是：你不用这台打字机了，是吗？
2. You should go to the grand opening ceremony, ____________ ?
A. aren't you B. shouldn't you C. wouldn't you D. don't you 【B】
解析：根据反意疑问句构成的基本原则，如果前一部分为肯定形式，后一部分通常用否定形式，而且两部分的时态要一致，所以应选B。整句话的意思是：你应该去参加盛大的开幕式，不是吗？
3. Everything seems all right, ____________ ?
A. doesn't it B. won't it C. hasn't it D. don't they 【A】
解析：根据反意疑问句构成的基本原则，如果前一部分为肯定形式，后一部分通常用否定形
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式，而且两部分的时态要一致，所以应选A。整句话的意思是：一切似乎都很好，不是吗？ 4. Today's weather isn't as cold as it was yesterday,____________ ? A. was it B. wasn't it C. is it D. isn't it 【C】
解析：根据反意疑问句构成的基本原则，如果前一部分为否定形式，那么后一部分就用肯定形式，而且两部分的时态要一致，所以应选C。整句话的意思是：今天天气不像昨天那么冷了，是吗？
5. The little girl must have lain there for a long time,____________ ? A. mustn't she B. hasn't she C. wasn't she D. didn't she【B】
解析：陈述句中用了must have lain 来表示肯定的推测，真正的实义动词应该是have lain。根据反意疑问句构成的基本原则，如果前一部分为肯定形式，后一部分通常用否定形式，而且两部分的时态要一致，所以应选B。整句话的意思是：那个小女孩一定在那里躺了很长时间了，不是吗？
6. I suppose you're not serious, ____________ ?
A. don't I B. do I C. aren't you D. are you 【D】
解析：陈述句中用了I suppose that …句型，后面的反意疑问句应该和that 从句相对，而不是和suppose相对。根据反意疑问句构成的基本原则，如果前一部分为否定形式，后一部分通常用肯定形式，而且两部分的时态要一致，所以应选D。整句话的意思是：我想你不是认真的，对吗？
7. Don't smoke in the meeting room, ____________ ? A. do you B. will you C. can you D. could you【B】 解析：这句话属于在祈使句后加简短问句的情况，这时陈述部分和疑问部分就没有反意关系，也就不必遵循前肯定后否定或者前否定后肯定的规律，所以应选B。整句话的意思是：别在会议室抽烟，好吗？
8. It's a fine day. Let's go fishing, ____________ ?
A. won't we B. will we C. don't we D. shall we【D】 解析：这句话也属于在祈使句后加简短问句的情况，这时陈述部分和疑问部分就没有反意关系，也就不必遵循前肯定后否定或者前否定后肯定的规律，所以应选D。整句话的意思是：今天天气真好，我们去钓鱼，好吗？
9. — Hangzhou is a very beautiful city, isn't it? —____________.
A. Yes, it is. B. Yes, it isn't. C. No, it is. D. No, it isn't.【A】
解析：在回答反意疑问句时，如果答案是肯定的，答语要用yes，否则用no，而且在形式上要一致，即：no+否定回答， yes+肯定回答，所以根据句意应选A。整句话的意思是：——杭州是一个非常美丽的城市，不是吗？——是的，它是。
10. — We mustn't lose heart, must we? All the teachers are encouraging us. —____________ .
A. Yes, we must. B. Yes, we mustn't. C. No, we must. D. No, we mustn't. 【D】
解析：在回答反意疑问句时，如果答案是肯定的，答语要用yes，否则用no，而且在形式上要一致，即：no+否定回答， yes+肯定回答，所以根据句意应选D。整句话的意思是：——我们决不能灰心，不是吗？所有的老师都在鼓励我们。——是的，我们不能灰心。
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Unit 8
Page 222
IX. Translate the following sentences into English.
1. 他知道可以依靠她来应付这种局面。参考答案：He knew he could depend upon her to deal with the situation.
2. 数以千计的计算机已经把整个校园连成了一个信息网络。参考答案：Thousands of computers have linked the campus into a network of information.
3. 她还没有决定走不走。参考答案：She hasn't decided yet whether to go or not.
4. 在不到一个小时的时间里我就顺利地通过了考试。参考答案：Within less than an hour I've passed the examination successfully.
5. 对这件事我不想发表任何评论。参考答案：I don't want to make any comment on this issue. Page 222
X. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.
1. These days, a new phenomenon is transforming politics, business, and society — Web logs, or “blogs”, for short. 参考答案：近来，一种新的现象正在改变我们的政治、商业和社会生活——它就是网络日志，或者简称之为“博客”。
2. These millions of online journals, published almost instantly, link together into a vast network of individuals and businesses, hobbyists, and political organizations. 参考答案：这些数以百万计的网上日志几乎瞬间就可以与读者见面，它们相互连接，形成了一个关于个人与商业活动、有共同兴趣爱好者及持不同政见者的巨大的网络结构。
3. The interesting thing about blogs is one doesn’t have to wait for days, or even weeks, to get published; most blogs appear right away, typically within less than an hour, depending on whether they are monitored or not. 参考答案：关于博客的一个有趣的事实是，人们不需要等待几天甚至几周才能见到它出版，大多数的博客瞬间就可以与读者见面，通常所需要的时间不到一个小时，当然这取决于是否有监控。
4. The age of the Internet has given unprecedented power to the reader by creating one of the most democratic and accessible forms of publishing yet — the blog.参考答案：通过创造了最民主、最便捷的出版形式之一的博客，因特网时代赋予了读者前所未有的能量。
5. The Internet — and more specifically blogging on the Internet — means that ordinary readers more than ever before are themselves turning into publishers and journalists.参考答案：因特网——更确切地说是因特网上的博客——意味着比以往任何时候都多的普通读者自己正在成为出版商和记者。 Page233
Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences. 1. ____________ , I found all the seats were taken. A. To enter the classroom B. Entered the classroom
C. Entering the classroomD. To be entered the classroom 正确答案：C
解析：本题考查的是分词作状语的用法。本题的题意是：“当我走进教室时发现所有的座位都已经被占了。”在这里，所填的状语应该是一种伴随状况，而不定式表示将来，因此可以排除A和D；B（过去分词）则表示被动和完成，因此也可以被排除，只有C为现在分词表示伴随状况最合适。
2. ____________ in simple English, the book is easy to understand.
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A. WritingB. WrittenC. To write D. Being written正确答案：B
解析：本题考查的是不定式和分词作状语的区别：不定式作状语表示将来，动作将要进行；现在分词作状语表示伴随状况，即动作正在进行；过去分词作状语表示被动。根据题意“由于是用简单英语写的，所以这本书很好理解”，这本书应该是用英语写的，动词write与后面的主语the book是明显的动宾关系，因此这里应该选择B，即过去分词形式。
3. _________ the matter with the teacher, we had a better understanding about it. A. To discussB. Discussed C. Being discussedD. Having discussed正确答案：D 解析：本题考查的是不定式和分词作状语的区别，基本与上一题相同。只是根据题意“已经和老师谈论过那个问题了，我们对此有了更好的理解”，其中动词discuss的逻辑主语应该是句子的主语we，而非被动关系，因此可以排除Ｂ，而且状语的动作先于主句的谓语动作发生，因此可以排除Ａ和Ｃ，所以应该用动词现在分词的完成式，既表示主动，又表示动作在谓语动词表示的动作之前发生。
4. Look, this roof is covered with____________leaves. A. falling B. fallenC. fellD. felt 正确答案：B 解析：本题考查的现在分词和过去分词作定语时的区别。现在分词作定语表示主动和正在进行的动作或存在的状态，过去分词作定语表示被动和完成。根据题意“看，房顶盖满了落叶”，“落叶”应该是已经落下来的叶子，“落”应该是已经完成的动作，因此应该用fallen leaves，即B应该是正确答案，falling leaves则表示正在飘落的叶子。 5. The class ____________ over, we had a ____________discussion. A. been ... heatB. being ... heatedC. is ... heatingD. be ... heated 正确答案：B 解析：本题考查的是独立结构的用法。根据句意“下课了，我们进行了激烈的讨论”，class和be over应该是主谓关系，因此应该用现在分词。再有，heated discussion已经形成了一个固定的词组，意思是“激烈的或热烈的讨论”，所以正确答案应该是B。 6. After ____________ his work, he came to help me with my English. A. finishedB. being finishedC. finishingD. having been finished 正确答案：C 解析：本题考查的是分词作时间状语的用法。其中finish和主句的主语he应该是主谓关系，因此可以排除表示被动关系的A、B和D，即正确答案应该是C。句子的意思是：“他在完成自己的工作后，就来帮我学英语。”
7. With the problem ____________ , we are getting along even more smoothly. A. settlesB. to settleC. settledD. to be settling正确答案：C
解析：本题考查的是独立结构的用法。根据句意“问题解决了，我们往下进行得更加顺利了”，problem和settle之间应该是动宾关系，而且独立结构的动作发生在主句谓语动词的动作之前，故应该用表示被动和完成的过去分词，因此只有C才是正确答案。
8. Anyone ____________ a term in prison will not be hired by that company. A. servingB. to be servedC. having served D. being served正确答案：C 解析：本题考查的非谓语动词作定语的用法。根据句意“任何在监狱服过役的人都不会被那个公司雇佣”，其中anyone和serve是主谓关系，因此可以排除表示被动关系的B和D。再有，serve的动作应该发生在be hired之前，所以可以排除表示动作正在进行的A和D，所以只能选择C，即现在分词的完成式。
9. His three children ____________ now college graduates, he felt he could retire from business.
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A. to beB. being C. having beenD. been正确答案：B
解析：本题考查的是独立结构的用法。根据句意“他的三个孩子现在大学毕业了，他觉得也可以退休了”，句中的his three children和be是主谓关系。再有，句中的now强调是正在进行的动作，因此可以排除表示将来的A和表示完成的C和D，即正确答案应该是B。 10. ____________ in this light, the matter is not as serious as people generally suppose.
A. To seeB. SeenC. SeeingD. Being seen正确答案：B
解析：本题考查的非谓语动词作状语的用法。句中的see和the matter应该是动宾关系，故可以排除表示主动的A和C。再有，句中没有强调动作正在进行，则可以排除D。因此，正确答案应为B，即直接用动词的过去分词表示被动。句子的意思是：“这样来看，这个问题没有像人们想象得那么严重。”
Unit 9
Page 247
IX. Translate the following sentences into English.
1. 现在我可以步行去上班，而不必开车了。参考答案： Now I can walk to work instead of going by car.
2. 我去年介绍约翰与玛丽相识，现在他们结婚了。参考答案：I introduced John to Mary last year, and now they're married.
3. 她因受伤而未被列入队员名单。参考答案：She's been dropped from the team because of injury.
4. 友谊是无法用金钱来衡量的。参考答案： Friendship can not be measured in terms of money. 5. 酒后驾驶通常会导致严重的事故。参考答案：Drunk driving will usually lead to serious car accidents. Page 247
X. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.
1. She was the person who turned him from a footballer into a global attractor. 参考答案：使他（维多利亚）使贝克汉姆从一个足球运动员转变成了世界瞩目的焦点。
2. Since he married her in 1999, he has become the most famous player British sport has ever produced, and, some say, the most influential man in the country. 参考答案：自从他们在1999年结婚之后，他已经成为英国有史以来最有名的球员，甚至有人认为他是这个国家最有影响力的男人。
3. It’s believed that, behind the high walls and iron gates of their “Beckingham Palace”, it is Victoria who decides everything. 参考答案：大家相信，在“贝克汉姆宫”的高墙和铁门后面，一切还是维多利亚说了算。
4. During a trip to the United States this year, Victoria has worked hard to push her husband to the US public. 参考答案：在今年的美国之行期间，维多利亚极力把自己的丈夫推到美国公众面前。
5. She may appear to have taken a back seat, but Victoria is still at the forefront of the “Posh and Becks” project. 参考答案：维多利亚看起来处于次要地位，但她仍旧在“辣妹—小贝”工程中掌握着方向盘。 Page252
Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences. 1. A party is the____________ activity I want to take part in.
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A. just B. goodC. mostD. very正确答案：D
解析：本题考查的是“the very+名词”的用法，强调very后面的名词，表示“正是……的”，在本句中表示“晚会正是我要参加的活动”，所以正确答案为D。 2. The President____________ went to see the flood-stricken areas. A. himselfB. didC. is saidD. has正确答案：A 解析：本题考查的是在名词后加反身代词表示强调的用法，意思是“……自己、本身、亲自”，所以应选A，且正好符合题意“总统亲自去视察洪水灾区”。而且，根据语法规则，B、C和D都不符合语法规则，因此可以排除。
3. The sun is____________ , far away from the earth. A. muchB. veryC. farD. so正确答案：C 解析：本题考查的是修辞强调的一种，即通过重复一个词来起到强调的作用。因为在far away前面有一个逗号，所以根据语法规则其余的单词都可以被排除掉，即只能选C，意为：“太阳离地球很远很远。”
4. Silver is____________the best conductor. A. evenB. moreC. veryD. by far正确答案：D 解析：本题考查的是在形容词的最高级前加一个词或词组表示强调的用法。这几个选项只有by far可以用来强调形容词的最高级，表示“……得多”，而且在本句中正合题意“银是最好的导体（比其他的金属要强得多）。”，故D应为正确答案。
5. They found a pile of gold at the entrance. There was____________ more inside the cave. A. yetB. stillC. manyD. lot of正确答案：B 解析：本题考查的是在形容词的比较级前加一个单词或词组强调程度的用法。几个选项中只有many和still有这种用法，可是many一般用在修饰可数名词的比较级前面，而这里的中心词是不可数名词gold，因此可以排除many，只能用still表示“更……，还要……”，而且正好符合题意：“他们在洞口发现了一堆金子，而里面更多。”至于选项D，在修饰形容词的比较级时，只能用a lot而不能用lot of，因此也可以排除。因此，本题的正确选项应该是B。 6. It was to save the child____________he got drowned. A. thatB. whenC. butD. while 正确答案：A
解析：本题考查的是强调句型It was … that …的用法，强调哪部分就把哪部分放在It was后面。本题强调的是目的状语，意思是“是为了救那个孩子他才溺水的”，因此句中缺少that。判断是否是强调句的方法就是：看把It was … that从句中删除以后句子是否依然完整。据此法可判断本题的正确答案应是A。
7. It was the officer ____________ informed the village of the danger. A. whichB. thatC. whatD. whether正确答案：B
解析：本题考查的仍然是强调句型的用法，只是本句中被强调的部分是句子的主语，意思是“是那个军官通知村民有危险的”，判断方法和第6题一样，因此正确答案应是B。
8. The complicated problem can be solved by the computer within ____________ a few seconds. A. evenB. justC. exactD. very正确答案：B
解析：本题考查的是由单词或词组强调句子某一部分的用法。几个选项分别有不同的意思，even意为“甚至，连……都”，just意为“仅仅，只”，very意为“正是，恰好”。根据句子的意思：“复杂的问题用计算机解决仅在几秒钟之内就可以完成”，因此应该选B。至于exact，在这里应该用它的副词形式exactly，故也可以排除。
9. The problem of housing____________ leads to the problem of social instability. A. itselfB. mustC. didD. never正确答案：C
解析：本题考查的是强调句子谓语的用法。根据句子的意思“住房问题确实导致了社会不稳
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定的问题”，可以判断应该选C，did强调动词，而动词则还原成了原来的形式。对于选项A，itself是用来强调名词的，如果带入句子，意思可以讲通，可是语法上就有问题了，因为主语为单数名词the problem而动词却用了原形形式lead to，显然可以排除掉。对于选项B，must虽说在语法上符合，可是不符合句意，也可以排除。对于选项D，也是在语法上不符合。因此，只能选C为正确答案。
10. It was____________ the instruments were handled.
A. with great careB. greatly careC. with great care that D. carefully正确答案：C
解析：本题考查的仍然是强调句型的用法，只是本句考查的是句子的状语，意思是“这些仪器应该特别小心地拿放”。判断方法和第6题相同，因此不难看出几个选项中只有C中有that，因此其余的几个选项可以排除掉，故正确答案应为C。
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Unit 10
Page269
IX. Translate the following sentences into English. 1. 由于各种原因，他们只得把婚期推迟到圣诞节。参考答案：For various reasons, they had to put off their wedding until Christmas.
2. 晚会以孩子们的舞蹈开始。参考答案：The party started with the children's dancing.
3. 他们的公司为自己定下一些长期目标。参考答案：Their company (has) set itself some long-term goals.
4. 修完课程的年轻人将比没修完的享有优先权。参考答案：A young person who has finished the course will be given priority over one who has not.
5. 我放弃劝他继续求学的努力。参考答案：I gave up trying to persuade him to continue with his studies. Page270
Translate the following sentences into Chinese.
1. When you wait until the last minute to clean your room, practice the piano or do your homework, you have to rush through the job. 参考答案：当你等到最后一分钟才去打扫房间、练钢琴或做作业的时候，你就只能匆匆了事。
2. Make a list of all your jobs, starting with the most important. Check them off one by one as they’re done. 参考答案：从最难的开始，把你所有要做的工作列一个清单。做完了之后，一个一个核对打勾。
3. Set goals you can accomplish. You don’t have to be first chair in band or leadoff hitter on your baseball team. 参考答案：定一些你可以实现的目标。你没有必要非得是乐队的首席或是棒球队的第一击球员。
4. Make it fun! Compose a poem or pantomime a scene if you’re not good at writing book reports. 参考答案：让事情有意思些。如果你不善于写书评，就做一首诗或表演一段哑剧。
5. Ask for help. You don’t have to do everything yourself. Don’t just sit back and say, “I don’t know.” 参考答案：寻求帮助。你没有必要事事都自己做。只是不要在一旁闲着并说“我不知道”就可以了。 Page283
Ⅰ. Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences. 1. If you refuse to go to the party,____________.
A. so would sheB. so does sheC. so will sheD. neither will she 正确答案：C
解析：在把so放在句首表示重复前面所说的话时，句子要用倒装式。再根据题意“你如果拒绝参加晚会，她也会拒绝”，虽说“拒绝”表示的是否定的意思，但refuse用的是肯定形式，则后面对前面所说的话进行重复应该用表示肯定意思的so，因此可以排除D。再有，前面句子是一个条件句，句中动词用一般现在时，而在这种情况下，主句则应该用一般将来时，因此可排除A和B，并得知正确答案为C。 2. ____________that we went outing.
A. The weather so fineB. So fine the weather is
C. So the weather was fineD. So fine was the weather 正确答案：D
解析：在“so ? that”（如此??以至于）句型中，若so提至句首，则构成部分倒装。
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而且，句中给出的部分是过去时，并根据题意“天气这么好，他们就去郊游了”，可以排除A、B和C，故正确答案应该是D。
3. There____________more than 300,000 kinds of plants on the earth. A. isB. are existingC. existsD. exist 正确答案：D 解析：当there be句型中的be用exist代替时，句中动词的形式根据exist后的名词的形式而定。因为后面的名词是复数形式，而且表示的是现在的一般情况，结合句子的意思“地球上有三十多万种植物”可判断正确答案应该是D（因为exist一般不用进行式，故可以排除B）。
4. I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in my life____________so excited. A. did I feelB. I feltC. I had feltD. had I felt正确答案：D
解析：否定词never放在句首时，句子要采用部分倒装的形式，因此可以排除B和C。再根据题意“我终于得到了梦寐以求的工作。在我的一生中我从来没有那么激动过。”，应该是在在我得到工作前，我一生中从来没有这么激动过，故应该用过去完成时，即正确答案应该是D。
5. — You should have given them some suggestions. — ____________ , but who would listen to me?
A. So should IB. So I shouldC. So did ID. So I did 正确答案：D
解析：当so放在句首表示重复前面所说的情况时，如果前后的主语一致，则不需要用倒装形式，因此可以排除选项A和C。根据句子的意思“——你应该给他们提点建议。——我已经提了，可是谁会听我的呢？”可知，我已经提了建议，故应该排除B（我是应该）而选D为正确答案。
6. No sooner____________to bed than he heard a knock at the door. A. had he goneB. he had goneC. did he goD. he went 正确答案：A 解析：No sooner（后与than连用，表示“刚??就??”）放在句首时，后面的句子应该用部分倒装的形式，因此可以排除B和D。而且，句中一般用过去完成时的形式，因此可排除C，即应该选A。句子的意思是：他刚上床睡觉就听见有人敲门。 7. Seeing the police coming, away____________ . A. the thieves ranB. had the thieves run
C. ran the thievesD. did the thieves run正确答案：C
解析：away等副词放在句首时，若谓语动词是不及物动词，一般采用全部倒装的形式，即整个谓语动词放到主语的前面，而不借助任何助动词的形式，因此可排除其他选项，并确定C为正确答案。句子的意思是：看到警察来了，小偷就跑走了。 8. On the ground ____________ a dead snake. A. did lieB. did layC. laidD. lay 正确答案：D
解析：当句首的状语是表示地点的介词词组时，后面的句子通常用全部倒装的形式。在本句中，on the ground为介词短语，结合句子的意思“一条死蛇躺在地上”，因此应该用动词lie（躺）的过去式形式（lay），故正确答案应该是D。
9. I didn't see the minister,____________ did I see the secretary. A. soB. norC. either D. none正确答案：B
解析：nor放在句首表示重复前面所说的否定的情况，即表示前面否定的内容也适用于另一个人或物。根据句子的意思“我没有见到首相，也没有见到他的秘书”，因此应该选B为正确答案。
10. Only when the plan failed____________ his mistakes.
A. did he realizeB. does he realize C. he realizedD. he realizes
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正确答案：A
解析：only所修饰的时间状语从句放在句首时，后面主句的动词要用部分倒装的形式，因此可以排除C和D。再根据句子的意思“只有在计划失败以后，他才意识到了错误”，时间状语从句中用的是过去时，主句也应该用过去时，故可排除B，而选A为正确答案。 Page284
Translate the following sentences into English in inverted order with the hints in the brackets.（翻译下列句子译成英语倒顺序,提示在括号内。） 1. 小男孩上星期发烧了，他妹妹也发烧了。（so）参考答案：The little boy had a fever last week, and so did his sister.
2. 如果我是汤姆，我就会接受这个建议。(省略if) 参考答案：Were I Tom, I would take the advice.
3. 人的一生中很少遇到这样的好机会。(rarely) 参考答案：Rarely in one's life would one meet such good opportunities. 4. 她刚一说完，泪水就夺眶而出。(no sooner ... than, hardly when ... ) 参考答案：No sooner had she said it than she burst into tears.
5. 地上躺着一只死老鼠。(on the ground) 参考答案：On the ground lay a dead mouse.
6. 他不仅在中学教书，还在业余时间写小说。(not only ... but also ...) 参考答案： Not only does he teach at a middle school, but also he writes novels in his spare time. 7. 看！那只狗往那边跑了! (there) 参考答案：Look! There ran the dog!
8. 他唱歌的声音太大了，以至于班里所有的学生都能听到。(so loudly) 参考答案：So loudly did he sing that all the students in the class could hear him.
9. 只有通过努力工作，你才能指望会涨工资。(only) 参考答案：Only with hard work can you expect to get a pay rise.
10. 直到河里的鱼都死了，村民们才意识到污染有多严重。(not until) 参考答案：Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was.