The Best Way to Reduce Your Weight
You hear this:\breakfast and supper. I run every morning and evening. What else can I do?\nothing. Your genes, not your life habits, determine your weight and your body constantly tries to
maintain it.
Albert Stunkard of the University of Pennsylvania found from experiments that, \of the children of two obese (肥胖的) parents become obese,as compared with no more than 14
percent of the offspring of two parents of normal weight. \
How can obese people become normal or even thin through dieting? Well,dieting can be effective, but the health costs are tremendous. Jules Hirsch, a research physician at Rockefeller University, did a study of eight fat people. They were given a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day.After more than 10 weeks,the subjects lost 45ka on average. But after leaving the hospital,they all regained weight. The results were surprising: by metabolic (新陈代谢的) measurement, fat people who lost large amounts of weight seemed like they were starving. They had psychiatric problems. They dreamed of food or breaking their diet. They were anxious and depressed; some were suicidal. They hid food in their rooms. Researchers wam that it is possible that weight reduction doesn't result In normal weight,but in an abnormal state resembling that of
starved non - obese people.
Thin people, however, suffer from the opposite: They have to make a great effort to gain weight. Ethan Sims, of the University of Vermont, got prisoners to volunteer to gain weight. In four to six months,they ate as much as they could. They succeeded in increasing their weight by 20 t0 25 percent. But months after the study ended they were back to normal weight and stayed
there.
This did not mean that people are completely without \means that those who tend to be fat will have to constantly battle their genetic inheritance if they want to significantly lower their weight. The findings also provide evidence for something scientists thought was true - each person has a comfortable weight range. The range might be as much as 9kg. Someone might weigh 60-69kg without too much effort. But going above or below the natural weight range is difficult. The body resists by feeling hungry or full and changing the
metabolism to pusb the weight back to the range it seeks.
36. The first paragraph tells us that our weight is determinede by __________.
A. Our eating habit B. Our life style C. Our work habit D. Our genes
37. In Jules Hirsch's study, the subjects __________.
A. showed no health problem B. gained weight rapidly C. were all very short D. lived only on liquid food
38. After leaving the hospital, the eight fat people __________.
A. attempted suicide B. were back to normal weight
C. went mad
D. followed the advice of Hirsch's
39. In Ethan Sims study, the subjects were asked to__________.
A. stay in prison B. eat as much as they could C. battle their genetic inheritance
D. lower their weight
40. Which of the following statements is true? A. Each person wants to eat to his heart's content. B. Each. person has a weight range of 9kg. C. Each person has a natural weight range. D. Each person wants to control his weight.
第3篇 Food for Learning
In Eritrea, a small country in northeast Africa, approximately 80 percent of the population is illiterate. That percentage is even higher in woman. As in many developing countries, many Eritreans have traditional ideas about the role of women. They believe that women should stay
home and take care of the family and should not get an education or look for a job. These beliefs are one of the factors that prevent Eritriea and other developing countries from improving their economic situation. Experience in many developing countnes has shown that educated women have fewer children and have more opportunities for improving their lives and
the lives of their families. In Eritrea, in fact, there is great need for improvement. It is one of the poorest countries in the world. For many Eritrean families, getting enough food is a daily problem.
To deal with these problems, the Eritrean government together with the World Food Program,has a new program that offers food as a reward for leaming. In primary schools, all the children receive food packages to take home to their families. However, with the new program, the girls receive more food than the boys. This way, parents are encouraged to send their daughter
to school rather than keeping them at home.
Another govemment program that aims to educate women is Food for Training. Managed by the National Union of Eritrean Women, this program offer food rewards (also from World Food Organiza tion) to women and elder girls who are willing to join the program. Because of the war with Ethiopia, many women are bringing up their families on their own. They often live in refugee camps, with no land of their own and no way to earn money. Most of these women are illiterate and have no skills to find a job. They spend most of their day looking for food and preparing it for
their families.
The Food for Training program helps the tennagers and women change their lives. If they agree to join the program, they receive a large package of food each month. In return, the women are required to attend free literate classes for two hours every day. When Food for Training classes in two regions of Eritrea, 5000 girls and women joined in the first two months. It is especially popular with teenage girls, aged fourteen to sixteen, who have never had a chance to go to school
before.
The organizers of Food for Traing also plans to offer other kinds of courses for women, using the same system of food rewards. In these courses, they will teach women job skills and crafts such as basket weaving. These women will not only learn to read and write. They will become
aware of what is going on in their country.
41. According to the passage, traditional ideas about women __________.
A. are rejected by younger generation
B. help improve the economy C. hinder economic development ' D. have little impact on economic development
42. The Eritrean govemment is offering extra food to girls in school in order to __________.
A. encourage to keep girls at home B. change traditional attitudes towards women
C. help girls feed their families D. creat more jobs for Eritrean teachers
43. With the Food for Learning program, women get a large package of food as long
as__________.
A. they attend free literacy classes every day
B. they have no land of their own C. they bring up their families on their own
D. they live in refugee camps
44. The new literacy programs are an example of __________.
A. the work of 5,000 women and teenage girls B. the problems with the aid of international organizations C. local and international organizations working together D. the Eritrean govemment working to keep its power 45. According to the passage, Food for Training will__________.
A. help women better their lives B. encourage women to leave their country C. teach women about intemational aid D. allow women to spend more time at home
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I Know Just How You Feel
Do you feel sad? Happy? Angry? You may think that the way you show these emotions is unique. Well, think again. Even the expression of the most personal feelings can be classified, according to Mind Readingame, a DVD displaying every possible human emotion. It demonstrates
412 distinct ways in which we feel the first visual distionary of the human heart.
Attempts to classify expressions began in the mid-1800s, when Darwin divided the emtions into six types-anger, fear, sadness, disgust, surprise and enjoyment. _________(46) Every other feeling was thought to derive from Darwin's small group. More complex expressions of emotions were probably learned and therefore more specific to each culture. But now it is believed that many more facial expressions are shared worldwide. _________(47) The Mind Reading DVD is a
systematic visual record of these expressions.