Unit 5 First aid

课时作业

Ⅰ.阅读理解

(2020·湖南师大附中高三摸底考试)Shark attacks not only disturb beach activities, but can affect associated tourist industries. Shark nets are a common solution to preventing shark attacks on beaches, but they cause dangers to sea ecosystems.

Seeking a costeffective way to monitor beach safety over large areas, we have developed a system called Sharkspotter. It combines artificial intelligence (AI) computing power, and drone (无人机) technology to identify and warn lifesavers of sharks near swimmers. The project is a cooperation between the University of Technology Sydney and The Ripper Group, which is pioneering the use of drones—called “Westpac Little Ripper Lifesavers”—in the search and rescue movement in Australia.

Sharkspotter can detect sharks and other potential threats using realtime aerial imagery. The system analyses video from a camera attached to a drone to monitor beaches for sharks, send warnings, and conduct rescues. Developed with techniques known as “deep learning”， the Sharkspotter system receives imagery from the drone camera and attempts to identify all objects in the scene. Once certain objects are detected, they are put into one of 16 categories: shark, whale, dolphin, rays, different types of boats, surfers, and swimmers.

If a shark is detected, Sharkspotter provides both a visual sign on the computer screen and an audible warning to the operator. The operator confirms the warning and sends text messages from the Sharkspotter system to the Surf Life Savers for further action. In an emergency, the drone is equipped with a lifesaving flotation pod (漂

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浮仓) together with an electronic shark repellent (驱逐装置) that can be dropped into the water in cases where swimmers are in severe trouble, trapped in a rip, or if there are sharks close by.

In January 2018, the Westpac Little Ripper Lifesavers was used to rescue two young swimmers caught in a rip at Lennox Head, NSW. The drone flew down the beach some 800 meters from the lifeguard station, and a lifesaving flotation pod was dropped from the drone. The complete rescue operation took 70 seconds.

We believe Sharkspotter is a winwin, for both marine (海洋的) life and beach goers. This unique technology combines dynamic video image processing AI and advanced drone technology to creatively deal with the global challenge of ensuring safe beaches, protecting environments, and promoting tourism.

篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种旨在防御鲨鱼袭击的技术Shark spotter的工作原理以及重要意义。

1．A Sharkspotter is ________.

A．a solution to monitor sharks B．an equipment to identify lifesavers C．a technology to prevent shark attacks D．a project to pioneer the use of drones

答案：C 细节理解题。根据第四段前两句“如果发现鲨鱼，Sharkspotter 会在电脑屏幕上显示视觉信号，并向操作员发出听觉警告。操作员确认警告，从Sharkspotter系统向冲浪救生员发出短信，以便采取进一步行动。”可知Sharkspotter是一种防止鲨鱼袭击的技术，故选C。

2．When a shark is spotted near a swimmer, the system will ________. A．take timely action B．analyze the visual data

C．classify the identified objects D．turn on “deep learning” mode

答案：A 推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“在紧急情况下，无人机配备了一个救生漂浮仓和一个电子驱鲨器，当游泳者遇到严重麻烦，被困在裂口或附近有鲨鱼时，可以将电子驱鲨器放入水中。”可推知游泳者在遇到麻烦时，系统会及时采取行动，故选A。

3．The example in the 5th paragraph shows us that the system is ________. A．efficient in saving lives B．effective in detecting sharks

C．smart in driving sharks away

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D．practical over the whole sea area

答案：A 推理判断题。第五段中的例子是一个成功营救两名被困游泳者的事件，由此可推知，这个系统在拯救生命方面是有效的，故选A。

4．What is the authors attitude towards the future of Sharkspotter? A．Doubtful. C．Negative.

B．Optimistic. D．Objective.

答案：B 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“我们相信Sharkspotter对海洋生物以及海滩游客来说都是双赢的。”可推知作者对Sharkspotter的未来的态度是积极乐观的，故选B。

Electric Shock

Injuries caused by electric shock are fairly common. When a person has received an electric shock, no one should go near him/her until the current has been turned off.

If a shock occurring at work or at home causes someone to lose consciousness (知觉)，electrical connection must be broken before anyone tries to give assistance. You should either turn off the switch at the mains or, if that is not possible, push the person away with a dry piece of wood.

Treatment of Shock

Look out for signs of shock. People who have been injured or who may have lost a lot of blood, or those who have had heart attacks, may be in deep shock. The signs to look for are faintness, paleness, a moist, sticky skin, shallow, rapid breathing and a fast but weak heartbeat.

Shock can prove fatal, and it is essential to do something to prevent its developing. The best way to treat or prevent shock is to keep the patient lying down,

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better with the legs higher than the head; if possible, raise the lower part of the body on a rolled up packet or similar object. Make the patient as comfortable as possible, loosening any tight clothing, and comfort him/her because fright increases the effects of shock.

篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了触电及触电后如何急救的相关知识。 5．Which of the following would be the best title of the passage? A．Shock Occurring at Work B．Electric Shock C．Treatment of Shock

D．Electric Shock and Treatment of It

答案：D 标题判断题。文章共分两部分，前半部分讲的是触电，而后半部分讲的是关于触电后如何急救。因此最佳标题应为D项。

6．Which of the following signs of shock are NOT mentioned in the passage? A．Faintness and a heartbeat. B．Paleness and rapid breathing. C．A moist and sticky skin.

D．Injuries caused by electric shock.

答案：D 细节理解题。从第三段中最后一句可知A、B、C三项都是关于触电后病人的病症迹象；而D项并未提及。故选D项。

7．Match the pictures with the passages.

A．Picture 2. Electric Shock; Picture 3. Treatment of Shock. B．Picture 1. Electric Shock; Picture 4. Treatment of Shock. C．Picture 4. Electric Shock; Picture 2. Treatment of Shock.

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