3) is pressing on/pressed on 4) drag on 5) get by 6) dine out

7) have cut back 8) get through 3.

1) the rapid advance in gene therapy may lead to the conquest of cancer in the near future.

2) production in many factories has been brought to a halt by the delayed arrival of raw materials due to the dock workers strike.

3) sara has made up her mind that her leisure interests will/should never get in the way of her career.

4) obviously the reporters question caught the foreign minister off guard.

5) the introduction of the electronic calculator has rendered the slide rule out of date/obsolete. 4.

1) being faced with an enemy forces much superior to ours, we had to give up the

occupation of big cities and retreat to the rural and mountainous regions to build up our base.

2) unity is crucial to the efficient operation of an organization. failure to reckon with this problem will weaken its strength. in many cases, work may be brought to a halt by constant internal struggle in an organization.

3) the red army fought a heroic battle at stalingrad and won the decisive victory against the germans. in fact, this battle turned the tide in the second world war. during this famous battle, the soviet troops withstood the german siege and weakened the german army by launching a series of counterattacks. ii.

1 during the first world war, battles occurred here and there over vast areas. some of the most dramatic fighting took place in the gloomy trenches of france and belgium .

2 elizabeth made careful preparations for the interview and her efforts/homework paid off. 3 i spent hours trying to talk him into accepting the settlement, but he turned a deaf ear to all my words.

4 pneumonia had severely weakened her body, and i

wondered how her fragile body could withstand the harsh weather. iii.

1 fall ill

2 lay dead at home for two weeks 3 dropped dead from a heart attack 4 fell asleep.

5 marrying young

6 to sit still for longer than a few minutes comprehensive exercises i. cloze 1．

1) invasion 2) stand in the way

3) conquest 4) catching (stalin) off his guard 5) launching 6) declaration 7) campaign 8) drag on

9) reckon with 10) bringing (the german advance) to a halt 2．

1) allow 2) reckoned 3) highly 4) forecasts 5) rapidly

6) instant 7) delivery 8) advantage 9) observing 10) powerful ii. translation 1.

1) mr. doherty and his family are currently engaged in getting the autumn harvest in on the farm.

2) we must not underestimate the enemy. they are equipped with the most sophisticated weapons.

3) having been out of a job/not having had a job for 3 months, phil is getting increasingly desperate.

4) sam, as the project manager, is decisive, efficient, and accurate in his judgement.