翻译 1：经常做运动会提高人的自信
错误的句子：Exercise regularly can rise one's confidence.
错误 1 Exercise 如果这里是动词，应该用动名词，如果是名词，不能用副词修饰
错误 2 rise 不及物动词
正确的句子：Regular exercise can increase one's self-confidence.
句子结构：主语+及物动词+宾语(confidence) 可以用定语从句扩充：
Participating in sports frequently can boost people's confidence, which is important not only to the youth but also to the elderly.
注： 不可以说“regular doing exercise”，因为形容词 regular 不可以修饰 doing
中文：经常参加体育活动能够提高人们的自信心，这不但对年轻人而且对老人很重 要。
翻译 2：教学的质量对学生成绩有很大的影响。
错误的句子 ：Teaching qualities are important to students improve academic performance
错误 1 quality 表示质量的时候不可数 错误 2 to 是介词，后面不用加句子
正确的句子：The quality of teaching can make a huge difference to
students’ academic performance.
句子结构：主谓宾 也可以用并列句拓展
The quality of teaching can make a huge difference to students’ academic performance. and therefore, parents prefer to choose prestigious schools for children.
中文：教学的质量被认为是决定学生成绩的关键，因此，家长喜欢为孩子选择名校。
翻译 3：家长和老师应该努力去减少小孩看电视的时间。
错误的句子：parents and teachers should do their efforts to curb the time of watching TV on children. 错误 1 make an effort to 固定表达
错误 2 curb 一般是抑制某种行为，而不是接 time. 错误 3 “watching TV on children”也不通。
正确的句子：parents and teachers should make an effort to limit children’s screen time.
句子结构：主语（parents and teachers）+及物动词(make)+宾语(effort) 拓展的句子：Parents and teachers should make an effort to limit children's screen time, thereby protecting children's eyesight and
encourage them to do more out-door activities. 错误：protecting 和 encourage 不对称
正确的句子：Parents and teachers should make an effort to limit children's screen time, thereby protecting children's eyesight and encouraging them to do more outdoor activities.
注：这句话的分词最好不要改成定语从句，因为前面不知道是修饰“screen time”还是 “limit screen time”
中文：家长和老师应该努力去减少孩子看电视的时间，这样会保护孩子的视力，鼓 励他们做户外运动。
翻译 4：经济的下滑（economic slowdown）导致失业率的上升 错误的句子：Economic slowdown made the climbing unemployment rate.
错误 1 不要用过去时
错误 2 用不定冠词好一点，因为正在上升的失业率一般不可能是唯一的。
正确的句子：Economic slowdown has led to a climbing unemployment rate.
句子结构：主语+及物动词+宾语
拓展的句子： Economic slowdown has led to a climbing unemployment rate, in view of the fact that employers are reluctant to
recruit new employees so as to cut overhead.
错误： 可能产生歧义，” recruit new employees” 是雇佣，“reluctant to recruit new employees”是不愿意雇用。到底是哪个事情导致“cut overhead”?
正确的句子：Economic slowdown has led to a climbing unemployment rate because employers intend to cut overheads and refuse to recruit new employees.
中文：经济下滑已经导致失业率上升，因为雇主打算裁员而且拒绝雇用新员工。
另外一个豆瓣的学生写的句子也不错，我发出来：
Economic slowdown has led to a climbing unemployment rate, as people balk at starting up new businesses and a number of giant companies downsize their workforce.
中文：经济下滑已经导致失业率上升，因为人们对开展新失业犹豫不决，而且很多 大公司裁员。
翻译 5：经济的发展需要年轻的劳动者
错误的句子：The economic development requires a great number of fresh working forces
错误 1 working force 没有这个表达
正确的句子：A country's economic development relies on a supply of young workers
句子结构：
主语+及物动词+宾语
也可以用分句扩充，“the problem is that”是表语从句
A country's economic development relies on a supply of young workers, but the problem is that the aging society has an adverse impact on the labour force.
中文：一个国家的经济发展依靠一定量的年轻劳动力，但是问题是老龄化的社会对 劳动力有负面影响。
翻译 6：工作很多的人没有时间去休息
错误的句子：People do with heavy workload cannot have adequate times to rest and recharge batteries 错误 1 do 不知道功能是干嘛的。 错误 2 time 不可数
错误 5 cannot 是表示不可能，这里应该是 do not
正确的句子：People with a heavy workload do not have adequate time to rest
句子结构： 主语+及物动词+宾语，“to rest and recharge batteries”不定式充当 time 的后置定语 也可以用定语从句扩充
People with a heavy workload do not have adequate time to rest, which can be harmful to their fitness.
中文：工作很多的人没有足够的时间去休息和充电，这样对他们的健康有害。
翻译 7: 在中国，很多学生晚上都要自习
错误的句子：Large number of students in China have to study at night. 错误 1 “a large number of ” 固定搭配
正确的句子：A large number of students in China have to do self-study at night.
句子结构： 主语+及物动词+ 宾语 也可以用状语从句来扩充
A large number of students in China have to do self-study at night, so extra-curricular activities have to give way to studies.
中文：在中国，许多学生都要在晚上自学，所以课外活动不得不给学习让路。
翻译 8: heritage sites 因为城市发展而受到威胁
错误的句子：The development of cities have pose a threat on heritage sites.
错误 1 have pose 动词错误而且主谓不一致 错误 2 pose a threat to 固定搭配
正确的句子：The development of cities has posed a threat to heritage
sites.
句子的结构: 主语（development）+ 及物动词(pose)+ 宾语(threat) 还可以用并列句扩充
The development of cities has posed a threat to heritage sites, but the government has no idea whether to protect or demolish these constructions.
中文：城市的发展已经威胁到历史遗迹，但是政府还没有办法是否去保护还是毁坏 这些建筑。
翻译 9：我们不能够忽视面对面的交流
错误的句子：It cannot be ignored by people to have some face-to-face communication. 错误 1 it 指代不清楚
错误 2 “to have face-to-face communication”不定式一般是表示没有发生而有可能发生的 事情。
正确的句子：We should not ignore face-to-face communication.
句子结构：主语+ 及物动词+宾语（communication） 还可以用状语从句扩充
We should not ignore face-to-face communication because this has a direct impact on social relationships.
还可以用并列句扩充
Internet can enrich our social lives, but we should not ignore face-to-face communication, because this has a direct impact on social relationships.
中文：网络能够丰富我们的生活，但是我们不应该忽视面对面的交流因为它对社会 关系有直接影响。
翻译:10：有些公共服务很难收支平衡
错误的句子：Some public services have problems in break even. 错误 1 break 是动词，在这里 in 是介词，后面应该加动名词 正确的句子：Some public services have problems in breaking even.
句子结构： 主语+ 及物动词(have)+ 宾语(problems) 还可以用并列句扩充
Some public services have problems in breaking even and need government funds.
中文：一些公共服务很难收支平衡，需要政府资金。
翻译 11：我们需要考虑社会和经济的环境
错误的句子：We have to consider about social and economic context. 错误 1 consider 及物动词，后面不需要加介词
正确的句子：We have to consider the social and economic context.
句子结构：主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语 还可以用分词结构扩充
We have to consider the social and economic context when analysing the root causes of juvenile delinquency.
中文：当分析青少年犯罪的根本原因的时候，我们应该考虑社会和经济环境。
翻译 12：密度种植对生物多样性造成了威胁
错误的句子：Intensive farming poses a threat to stemming the lose of bio-diversity.
错误 1 pose a threat to stemming the loss of bio-diversity， 太罗嗦了。
错误 2 lose 是动词，OF 前后一般要有名词
正确的句子：Intensive farming can pose a threat to bio-diversity.
句子结构：主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语（threat） 还可以用并列句扩充
Intensive farming has a great impact on natural flora and can pose a threat to bio-diversity.
中文：密集种植对野生植物有巨大影响，对物种多样性有巨大威胁。 其他选择
Intensive farming has a seriously negative impact on natural flora, and this may pose a threat to sustainable development of agriculture. 中文：密集种植对天然植物有严重的负面影响，这可能对农业的可持续发展有威胁。
翻译 13：平等的教育能帮助解决学生学习成绩不好
错误的句子：Equal access to education can overcome educational underachievement.
错误 1 overcome educational underachievement 搭配不好 ；“educational underachievement” 是指学生成绩不好的意思。 正确的句子：Equal access to education can help tackle educational underachievement.
句子的结构：主语+ 及物动词（help）+ 宾语（to tackle ….这里省略了 to）
还可以用定语从句扩充
Local authorities should ensure equal access to education, which can help tackle educational underachievement, a problem found among disadvantaged children.
a problem 在这里是个同位语，指代前面的“educational underachievement”；而“found among disadvantaged children” 过去分词，充当定语。
中文：当地政府应该保证平等教育，这样能够帮助落后学生去解决学习的落后。
翻译 14：接触不同的文化可以促进创新
错误的句子：Contacting with a wide variety of cultures can promote the creativity of native culture. 错误 1 Contacting with 中国式英文
错误 2 native culture 别扭，不知道为什么要说本土文化
正确的句子：Exposure to different cultures can encourage creativity.
句子的结构：主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语 还可以用定语从句扩充
Exposure to different cultures can encourage creativity, which is an asset for enterprises or countries.
中文：接触不同的文化能够促进创新，这是企业或者国家的财富。
翻译 15：政府应该重视社会福利(welfare services)，尤其是医疗服务。 错误的句子：The government should give a priority to social welfare, especially the healthcare 错误 1 give priority to 没有 a
正确的句子：The government should give priority to welfare services, especially the healthcare.
句子的结构：主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语 还可以用名词性从句，定语从句扩充
some people suggest that the government should give priority to welfare services, especially the healthcare, which helps stop the disadvantaged population dying needlessly.
中文：一些人认为政府重视社会福利，尤其是医疗服务，这会帮助阻止弱势群体无 助地死去。
翻译 16：教育或许决定了人的工作机会。
错误的句子： Education may do hold the key to one’s job prospect. 错误：may 和 do 不能连用。
正确的句子：Education may hold the key to one’s job prospect.
句子结构：主语（education）+及物动词 hold)+宾语(the key) 拓展的句子：可以使用状语从句
Education may hold the key to one’s job prospect, especially when people intend to find jobs in the hi-tech industry.
翻译 17：使用化石资源对环境会造成破坏。
错误的句子：Use fossil fuels can cause damage to the environmental problem .
错误：USE 是动词，不能作为主语。
错误：cause damage to 已经表示出对环境的破坏，不需要再说 problem
正确的句子：The use of fossil fuels can cause damage to the environment.
句子结构：主语(use）+及物动词(can cause)+宾语(damage) 拓展的句子：可以使用状语从句
The use of fossil fuels can cause damage to the environment, possibly because it creates air pollution.
翻译 18：建造住宅楼有助于解决城市的拥挤问题。
错误的句子：Building apartment blocks contribute to solve the crowed problem in cities
错误 1 building 是动名词，主谓不一致
错误 2 contribute to 后面要加名词，而不是动词原形 错误 3 crowed problem 没有这个表达
正确的句子：Building apartment blocks helps solve overcrowding in cities.
句子结构： 主语+及物动词(helps)+宾语(solve overcrowding， 省略了 to, 本来是不定式 to solve overcrowding)
拓展的句子：Building apartment blocks helps solve overcrowding in cities，because it can contain more people with limited space. 错误：contain more people 搭配不是很好
正确的句子：Apartment blocks, which make the most of land and space, help solve overcrowding in cities.
中文：住宅楼由于其能最大限度地利用土地和空间，所以有助于解决城市的拥挤问 题。
翻译 19：贫穷的人可以通过努力工作来提高社会地位
错误的句子：People at disadvantage are likely to improve their social status by working hard, studying hard. 错误 1 at disadvantage 没有这个表达 错误 2 working hard, studying hard 没有连词
正确的句子：People from disadvantaged backgrounds can improve their social status by working hard.
句子结构: 主语（people）+ 及物动词 (improve)+ 宾语 (status)， “from disadvantaged backgrounds”是 people 的定语 还可以用并列句扩展
People from disadvantaged backgrounds can improve their social status by working hard and this seems an arduous but rewarding process. 中文：贫穷的人可以通过努力工作来提高社会地位，这看起来是一
个辛苦但有效的 过程。
翻译 20：因为全球化，人们需要和来自不同背景的人工作。 错误的句子：Because of the globalisation, people should work with others who comes from different backgrounds. 错误 1 the globalization 的 the 比较多余 错误 2 who comes from 没有必要用定语从句 错误 3 should 有点过分了，“必须”的意思
正确的句子：Because of globalisation, people need to work with those from diverse backgrounds.
注：这里的 those 就是其他人的意思，不能说 those people，这样会和主语重复。
句子结构: 主语(people)+ 及物动词（need）+ 宾语(to work)，“because of globalisation” 介宾短语充当状语
翻译 21：我们需要采取措施去解决一些棘手的问题。
错误的句子：We must take measurement to tackle thorny problems. 错误 measurement 的意思是测量
正确的句子： We need to take action to solve some intractable problems.
句子结构：主语 （we）+及物动词(need)+宾语(to take ….)
翻译 22：媒体通过夸大受害者的伤痛去吸引观众。
错误的句子 ：Medias exaggerate the hurt of victims to attract public attentions.
错误 1：Media 本身就是复数。
错误 2：hurt 是动词，OF 前后要加名词。 错误 3：attentions 不可数名词。
正确的句子：The media attract public attention by sensationalising victims’ suffering.
句子结构：主语（the media）+及物动词 (attracts)+宾语 (attention)；“by+ …”方式状语
拓展的句子：The media attract public attention by sensationalising victims’ suffering, while ignore harmful consequences bring to them, such as their exposure to the public.
错误 1： while 是从属连词，后面不能直接加动词原形。 错误 2 ignore 和 bring 两个动词。 错误 3 them 指代不清楚
正确的句子：The media attracts public attention by sensationalising victims’ suffering, while ignoring harmful consequences to these individuals, such as their exposure to the public.
中文：媒体通过夸大受害者的伤痛去吸引观众，而忽视对这些观众的有害结果，比 如将他们在公众面前曝光。
主+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语
翻译 23：基因工程让人们能培养新品种农作物
错误的句子：Genetic engineering allows people to nurture new species crops.
错误 1 species crops 语序有问题
正确的句子：Genetic engineering allows people to nurture crop varieties.
句子结构：主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语（people）+宾语补足语（to nurture…） 拓展的句子：
Genetic engineering allows people to nurture crop varieties that are resistant to drought， thereby improving land productivity.
中文：基因工程使人们能培育出抗旱的农作物品种，因此可以提高土地利用率。
翻译 24：经常运动使得人们保持健康的心态
错误的句子：Doing exercises regularly helps people maintain a healthy state of mind.
错误 1 Doing exercises 一般是不可数
正确的句子：Doing exercise regularly helps people maintain a healthy state of mind.
句子结构：主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语（people）+宾语补足语（to maintain…省略了 to） 还可以用并列句扩充
Doing exercise regularly helps people maintain a healthy state of mind and makes it easier for them to cope with stress.
中文：经常做运动帮助人们保持一个健康的心态，是他们更容易应对压力。
翻译 25：不健康的生活方式让人们处于生病的危险之中。 错误的句子： Unhealthy lifestyle is likely to make people at risk of illness.
错误 1： make somebody do something 或者是 make somebody +形容词是更常见的用法。
错误 2：lifestyle 可数名词，要加冠词，或者复数
正确的句子：An unhealthy lifestyle may put people at risk of illness. 句子结构：主语（An unhealthy lifestyle）+及物动词（put）+宾语（people）+宾语补足 语 （at risk of illness）
翻译 26：奖学金可以鼓励更多的学生去学习研究生课程。 错误的句子： Scholarship could be regarded as something to inspire more students to take postgraduate curriculum. 错误 1 scholarship 可数名词，应该有复数或者冠词 错误 2 regarded as something 太过罗嗦
错误 3 curriculum 不是 course 的替换词，curriculum 的意思是课程大纲
正确的句子：Government grants could encourage more students to take postgraduate courses.
句子结构：主语 (government grants)+及物动词(encourage)+宾语(students)+宾语补足语(to take postgraduate courses)
翻译 27：社区改造为罪犯提供了获得职业技能的机会
错误的句子：Replacing the long sentence by working for the locals provides offenders with transferable skills. 错误 1 主语很别扭， 两个东西没有替换性
正确的句子：Community service provides offenders with opportunities to acquire transferable skills.
句子结构：主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语（offenders）+宾语补足语（with opportunities to…） 还可以用并列句扩充
Community service provides offenders with opportunities to acquire transferable skills and gives them a flying start when they are released. 中文：社区服务给犯人提供获得实用技能的机会，给他们好的起点当他们被释放后。
翻译 28：法律应该将醉驾变成刑事犯罪。
错误的句子 ：the government should introduce a law which is drunk driving a criminal offence.
错误 定语从句还原是“a law is drunk driving”显然不对。 中国学生有个误区，就是一定 要写个从句，才能加分。
正确的句子：Legislation should make drink driving a criminal offence. 句子结构：主语（legislation） +及物动词(make)+宾语(drink driving)+宾语补足语(a criminal offence)
翻译 29：乡村地区给人们提供机会去远离现代生活的压力和噪音。 错误的句子 ：rural area provides people with opportunity to escape pressure and noises of modern life.
错误 1：rural area 可数名词，没有冠词，或者复数。 错误 2：opportunity 在这里用复数比较好。
正确的句子：Rural areas provide people with opportunities to escape pressure and noises of modern life.
句子结构：主语(rural areas)+及物动词(provide) +宾语(people)+宾语补足语(with opportunities)
拓展的句子： Rural area is beneficial to people's fitness, because it provides people with opportunities to escape pressure and noises of modern life.
错误：rural area 可数名词，没有冠词，或者复数。 两个句子的主语都一样，还不如用分词
正确的句子：Rural areas are beneficial to people's health, providing people with opportunities to escape pressure and noises of modern life. 中文：乡村地区对人们的健康有益，因为它给人们提供机会去远离现代生活的压力 和噪音。
翻译 30：人口老龄化促使国家去提高法定退休年龄（statutory retirement age）。
错误的句子：Compulsory retirement age will be abolished, and the reason is attributed to population aging and urban. 错误 1：retirement age 是可数名词 错误 2：reason is attributed to 这个搭配不好
正确的句子：The ageing population has prompted countries to raise the statutory retirement age.
句子结构：主语(ageing population)+及物动词(prompt)+宾语
(countries)+宾语补足语(to raise…)
拓展的句子：The ageing population leads to a shortage of skillful workers, a problem which has promote countries to raise the statutory retirement age.
错误：应该是 skilled workers. Skillful 表示人们做某事的时候所展示的技艺娴熟
正确的句子：The ageing population leads to a shortage of highly skilled workers, a problem which has prompted countries to raise the statutory retirement age.
注：a problem 在这里是同位语，指代前面的 shortage
中文：人口老龄化导致高级技术工人的短缺，这个问题已经促使国家提高了法定退 休年龄。
主+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语
翻译 31：政府提供一些城市很多资金去保护历史建筑（historic buildings）。
错误的句子：Many areas now pay attention to protect historic buildings.
错误：pay attention to 的 to 是介词，后面不能加动词
正确的句子：Governments should offer some cities funds to preserve historic buildings.
句子结构：主语（areas）+及物动词(offer)+间接宾语(some cities)+直接宾语（funds）
拓展的句子：可以使用定语从句
拓展的句子：Governments should offer some cities funds to preserve historic buildings, which are part of our cultural heritage.
被动语态
翻译 32：学校应该允许老师强制捣蛋的小孩离开教室。
错误的句子：Schools should allow teachers to make the children with disruptive behaviours go out of classrooms. 错误：children with disruptive behaviours 略显罗嗦
正确的句子：Teachers should be permitted to use force to remove disruptive children from the classroom.
原句：Schools should permit teachers to use force to remove disruptive children from the classroom.
句子结构：主语（schools） +及物动词(permit)+宾语(teachers)+宾语补足语 (to use force…)
翻译 33：农村的失业问题在某种程度上可以通过城乡转移 （rural-to-urban shift）解决。
错误的句子：Unemployment in rural areas can be address by rural-to-urban shift.
错误 1 被动语态没有过去分词 错误 2 shift 是可数名词，最好要有冠词
正确的句子：Unemployment in rural areas can be addressed partially by the rural-to-urban shift.
句子结构：（主语+及物动词+宾语）的被动语态
拓展的句子：Unemployment in rural areas can be addressed partially by the rural-to-urban shift, because rural areas are lack of industry and services, which causes high unemployment rate.
错误 1：because 后面的内容只是解释了为什么乡村的失业率很高，但是没有解释为什么 城乡转移可以解决这个问题。 错误 2：rate 可数名词
错误 3：一般不要 lack of 充当表语
正确的句子：The lack of infrastructure and government funding in rural areas is the main cause of unemployment, which can be addressed partially by the rural-to-urban shift.
中文：农村失业问题的主要原因是缺少基础建设和政府资助，这个问题在某种程度 可以通过城乡转移解决。
翻译 34：高层建筑有时候被认为是城市的 eyesore。
错误的句子（4.5 分）：Occasionally，high﹣rise buildings are tend to be regarded as the eyesore of a city.
错误 1 Occasionally 表示的意思是“偶尔地，很少地” 错误 2 “be + do”永远是错的
正确的句子：High-rise buildings are sometimes regarded as eyesores of the city.
注：这句话里如果说“the eyesore”就是特指，意思就是城市只有一处难看的地方，事实 上未必如此。
句子结构：“somebody regards something as something”是“主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足 语”的结构。 而这句话是这个结构的被动语态。
翻译 35：太空科技的投资应该获得政府的支持
错误的句子：The investment on space technology should be supported by government.
错误 1 investment in 固定搭配 错误 2 governments or the government
正确的句子： The investment in space technology should be supported by the government.
句子结构：主语+ 及物动词（support 被动 语态）+ 宾语
还可以用状语从句和并列句扩充
The investment in space technology should be supported by the government because the commercialization of such technology will bring more business opportunities and improve people's living standards.
中文：政府应该支持对太空科技的投资因为这些科技的商业化会带来更多的商业机 会，提高人们的生活水平。
翻译 36：历史文物因为它的历史重要性而被保存
错误的句子：Antique heritages should be completely preserved due to its historical importance.
错误 1 Antique heritages 没有这个表达 错误 2 heritage 是个不可数名词
错误 3 既然主语是复数，为什么后面用代词“its”
正确的句子：Historic relics should be preserved for their historical significance.
句子结构：主语+ 及物动词（preserve 被动语态）+ 宾语 翻译 37：学校活动的设置要能让孩子体会到成就感和提升他们的幸福
错误的句子：The main purpose of the school activities which can give the children's a sense of accomplishment is to promote the students's
well being
错误 1 主语里加了个定语从句， 太长
错误 2 给学生成功感和提升学生的幸福应该不是方式和目的 正确的句子：Sports and other school activities can be designed to give children a sense of accomplishment and to promote their well-being.. 句子结构：主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语 （design 的被动语态） 注：也可以说 improve well-being.
注意我在句子里加了个体育，就是简单的一个例子，读者就清楚你想表达的东西。 好 的文章是可读的，内容充实的，而很多同学的问题是比较死板和枯燥地将一些单词放进 去。
翻译 38：一些员工 被鼓励着去打破陈规
错误的句子：Employee can breakthrough the obsoleted rules. 错误 1 breakthrough 是个名词，没动词 错误 2 obsoleted 没有这个词，只有 obsolete 错误 3 employee 为什么用单数，只有一个员工？
正确的句子：Some employees are encouraged to break the mould.
句子的结构：主语（省略）+ 及物动词（encourage 被动）+ 宾语（employees 变成了主 语）+宾语补足语（to break the mould） 还可以用定语从句扩充
Nowadays, companies prefer those employees who can break the
mould.
中文：现在公司喜欢能够打破常规的员工。
翻译 39：上下班的时间变得更长了
错误的句子：Commuter time was prolonged because of traffic congestion.
错误 1 Commuter time 不是固定词伙 错误 2 was 时态错误
正确的句子：Commuting time has been prolonged because of traffic congestion.
句子结构: 主语+ 及物动词（prolong 被动语态）+ 宾语 中文：因为堵车上下班时间变得更长。
翻译 40：电脑技能可以运用到学习工作中
错误的句子：Computering applying in their academic study as well as their career life
错误 1 applying 谓语不完整 错误 2 career life 这个词伙不是很恰当
正确的句子：Computer skills can be applied in their studies as well as their working lives.
句子结构：主语+ 及物动词（apply 的被动语态）+ 宾语 还可以用定语从句扩充
Students can acquire computer skills which can be applied in their studies as well as their working lives.
中文：学生们可以获得电脑技术，这些技术可以应用在他们的学习和工作中。
翻译 41：大部分的环境破坏都可以归咎于人类的活动。
错误的句子：The most of environmental degradation is contributed to human activities.
错误 1：the most 一般加形容词，作为最高级
错误 2 ： contribute to 一般用主动，而且和 attributed to 是相反的意思。
正确的句子： Most of environmental degradation is attributed to human activities.
句子结构：原句是“主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语” （attribute something to something） 这个句子是被动语态
翻译 42：许多孩子每天接触暴力内容
错误的句子： Many children are expose to violent contents in every day.
错误 1 content 这个时候经常是不可数 错误 2 expose 是及物动词， “be + do”不准确 错误 3 every day 本身可以充当状语，不可以加介词 in 正确的句子： Many children are exposed to violent content every day.
句子结构: 主语+ 及物动词(被动语态) （are exposed）+ 宾语补足语（to violent content）
原句可能是“something exposes children to violent content”（主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补 足语）
拓展的句子：Many children are exposed to violent content every day, then acting up the crime. Because they treat it as a normal part of everyday life.
错误 1：because 是从属连词，要加两个句子 错误 2：act up 有问题，没必要用分词。
正确的句子：Many children are exposed to violent content every day and prone to act up, because they treat it as a normal part of everyday life.
中文：很多每天接触暴力内容的孩子容易用暴力，因为他们把暴力当作日常生活的 一部分。
翻译 43：家庭环境被认为是小孩成长最重要的影响。
错误的句子：Family environment is widely thought to be the most
important influence on children development. 错误 children development 没有所有格
正确的句子：Family environment is widely thought/believed to be the most important influence on children’s development.
句子结构: 主语(family environment)+ 及物动词的被动语态（thought）+ 宾语补足语(to be)
翻译 44：随着越来越多的年轻人参加志愿者工作，社区的凝聚力（cohesion）会加强 错误的句子
with more young people join the volunteer works, community's cohension will be enhanced.
错误 1 with 是介词，后面不能加句子 错误 2 work 不可数名词，不能加复数
正确的句子：With an increasing number of young people participating in volunteer work, community cohesion will be enhanced.
句子结构：主语（community cohesion）+ 及物动词的被动语态 （be enhanced）， 而 “with an …..participating in” 是“介词+名词+分词”结构，充当状语
翻译 45：移民有时候被认为是社会团结的一个威胁。
错误的句子 Immigrants sometimes was recognised as a threat to the social cohesion.
错误 1 为什么要过去时？ 错误 2 主谓不一致
错误 3 cohesion 不可数名词，为什么要用 the 去特指？ 正确的句子：Immigrants are sometimes recognised as a threat to social cohesion.
句子结构：原句可能是“people sometimes recognise immigrants as a threat。 ” （主语 people+ 及物动词 recognise+宾语 immigrants+宾语补足语 as a threat），这句话是 被动语态。 主语+不及物动词
翻译 46：没有受过高等教育的年轻人只能找到低技术的工作 错误的句子：Young people without tertiary education qualifications normally have low-skilled jobs.
错误 1 “have low-skilled jobs ”里的“have”语气比较弱，应该是只能找到。
正确的句子：Young people without tertiary education qualifications normally end up working in low-skilled jobs.
句子结构：主语+ 不及物动词（end up）+ 状语（分词 working in…） 还可以用名词性从句，并列句来扩充
There is a widely held notion that young people without tertiary
education qualifications normally end up working in low-skilled jobs and this can compromise the quality of life.
中文：一个取得广泛共识的概念是没有大学文凭的年轻人通常只能找低技术含量的 工作，这也危害到他们的生活质量。
翻译 47：一些人不支持转基因食品
错误的句子：People hold the objection to the proliferation of genetically modified food.
错误 1 \这个表达很不好，而且罗嗦 正确的句子：Some people disapprove of genetically modified food.
句子结构：主语+ 不及物动词（disapprove） 还可以用原因状语从句扩充
Some people disapprove of genetically modified food, as they believe that this type of food does more harm than good.
中文：一些人反对转基因食品，因为他们认为这种食品的弊大于利。
翻译 48：旅游景点竭力满足游客的需要和品味
错误的句子：Tourist spots devote to fulfilling tourists' tastes and needs. 错误 1 devote 是及物动词，后面要有宾语 错误 2 fulfil tastes 不是个习惯词伙。
正确的句子：Tourist spots endeavor to cater for tourists' tastes and
needs.
句子结构：主语+不及物动词；to do 不定式
翻译 49：在竞争激烈的社会，有工作的人关心职业发展。 错误的句子：In the highly competitive society, working adults are usually focusing on career advancement.
错误 1 应该用“a”，而不是“the”， 否则，别人还以为世界上只有一个激烈竞争的社会 错误 2 进行时态有点怪
正确的句子：In a highly competitive society, working adults usually focus on career advancement.
句子结构：主语+ 不及物动词(focus), 而“in a highly competitive society”是介宾短语 充当状语 还可以用并列句扩充
In a highly competitive society, working adults usually focus on career advancement, and have difficulty in achieving work-life balance. 中文：在竞争激烈的社会中，有工作的人关心职业发展，很难实现工作和生活的平 衡。
翻译 50：审美观是因文化而异的。
错误的句子：Perception of beauty is differed from culture to culture. 错误 differ 是不及物动词，没有被动语态。
正确的句子： Perception of beauty differs from culture to culture. 句子结构：
主语+不及物动词；“from culture to culture”介宾短语充当状语。
翻译 51：因为费用的下降，航空最近几十年发展得很快。 错误的句子 ：The airline has sharp development in recent decades, with the cost decline.
错误 1：in recent decades 一般要用现在完成时态，这句话没有 错误 2：“has sharp development”表达比较别扭 错误 3：with 是个介词，后面不能加句子
正确的句子：Because of low-cost carriers, the aviation industry has developed at an astounding pace over the past decades.
句子结构： 主语（the aviation industry）+不及物动词(developed); “Because of low-cost carriers” 原因 状语；“over the past decades”时间状语； “at an astounding pace”程度状语
翻译 52：动物实验有时候不能够检验出药物的不良副作用。 错误的句子 ：Animal experiment is occasionally unable to examine drugs side effects.
错误 1：Animal experiment 可数名词，要加负数 错误 2：occasionally 意思是“偶尔地，极少地”
错误 3：drugs side effects 没有使用所有格
正确的句子：Animal experiments sometimes fail to detect the undesirable side effects of drugs.
句子结构：主语+ 不及物动词（fail）+状语（to ….）
翻译 53：非法捕杀导致某些动物的灭亡。
错误的句子 ：Hunting illegally leads to the extinct of species. 错误：extinct 是个形容词，而 lead to 后面要加名词
正确的句子：Some animals have died out because of illegal hunting 主语（some animals）+不及物动词（have died out）+状语（because of ….）
翻译 54：电脑对人交流技能的影响随着年龄变化。
错误的句子 ：The impact on people's communication skill from computer, varies between ages.
错误 1：skill 可数名词，要加复数。 错误 2：varies between ages 表达不对。 错误 3：the impact from the computer 表达不对。
正确的句子：The impact of computers on communication skills varies across ages.
句子结构：主语（impact）+不及物动词 （varies）；“of computers on literacy skills”都是 定语
拓展的句子(使用并列句)： The impact of computers on communication skills varies across ages and teachers have mixed feelings on the usage of computers.
中文：电脑对人的文化程度的影响随着年龄变化，老师对电脑的用法有复杂的感情。
主系表结构
翻译 54：很多女孩都不愿意在男人居多的行业里（male-dominated world）找工作。
错误的句子：A number of girls are not willing to hunting jobs in the male-dominated world
错误 1 willing to do something 固定搭配
错误 2 a number of 在这里感觉是在某个地方，有一些女孩不愿意做什么。
错误 3 定冠词不恰当，因为世界上男人居多的行业有很多，不可能特指 1 个。
正确的句子：Many girls are not willing to seek employment in a male-dominated world.
句子结构： 主语+系动词+表语(willing) 也可以用状语从句扩充：
Numerous women are unwilling to find employment in a male-dominated world because they can face barriers to top-level promotion.
中文： 很多女孩不愿意在男人为大多数的行业找工作，因为她们会面临在高职位 升迁中的阻碍。
翻译 55：学校的主要功能是给下一代灌输知识（impart knowledge）。 我错误的句子：the main function of school is impart knowledge to the next generation.
错误 1 school 可数名词，要加冠词或者复数 错误 “is+do”永远是错的
正确的句子：The main function of schools is to impart knowledge to the next generation.
句子结构： 主语+系动词（is）+表语（to impart knowledge to the next generation）
关于语法的问题（包括词性和从句），请和精品班的助教联系答疑。
翻译 56：艺术不属于学校的主科。
错误的句子：Arts is not regarded as a core curriculum at school. 错误 1 主谓不一致
错误 2 curriculum 是所有课程的总称
正确的句子： The arts are not among core subject areas at school.
句子结构： 主语（The arts）+系动词（are）+表语 （介词 among+宾语…充当表语）
拓展的句子：The arts are not among core subject areas at school. However, we should learn them at school . Because they could add spice of our life.
错误 1：because 是从属连词，要连接两个句子。 错误 2：add spice to life 才是固定搭配 错误 3： them 有点指代不清楚.
正确的句子：The arts are not among core subject areas at school but deserve a place in the curriculum, for these subjects add spice to life. 中文：虽然艺术不属于学校的主要课程，但是它们在课程大纲里值得拥有一席之地， 因为这些科目能够给生活添色彩。
翻译 57：因为不够明朗的经济前景（economic outlook），很多公司不可能招聘新的职 员。
错误的句子： Because of unclear/ambiguous economic outlook, many companies are unlikely to recruit new employments. 错误 1 ambiguous 一般不修饰 OUTLOOK 错误 2 应该是 employees
正确的句子： Because of the uncertainty about the economic outlook,
many companies are unlikely to recruit new employees.
句子结构：主语+系动词+表语 Because of 是介词词组引导原因状语
拓展的句子：Because of the uncertainty about the economic outlook, many companies are unlikely to recruit new employers, so a considerable number of graduates will face the problem of unemployment.
错误：”because of”和“so” 一般避免连用 错误 2： employees 雇员
正确的句子：Because of the uncertainty about the economic outlook, many companies are unlikely to recruit new employees and a considerable number of graduates fail to find employment.
中文：因为经济前景的不确定，很多公司不可能招聘新人，因此大量的毕业生找不 到工作。
翻译 58：空运产生很多的温室气体
错误的句子：Air freight is likely to exhaust a large number of greenhouse gases.
错误 1 exhaust 这个词动词的时候，没有排放的意思（这个是很常见的错误！）
错误 2 a large number of 很少形容 gases, goods 这种强调数量的东
西。
正确的句子：Air freight is likely to create enormous greenhouse gases. 注：这句话也可以使用完成时态：Air freight has produced enormous greenhouse gases. 完 成时在这里最大的问题是把 air freight 变成了一个持续的完整的事物，而我们都知道空 运是有次数的分别。 句子结构：主语+ 系动词+ 表语 也可以用比较状语从句扩充
Air freight is likely to create more greenhouse gases than other modes of transport.
中文：空运可能比其他运输方式产生更多的温室气体。
翻译 59：孩子很有可能有行为的问题
错误的句子：The children are likely to meet behavior problems. 错误 1 meet problems 搭配不对 错误 2 behavioural problems 固定搭配
正确的句子：Some children are likely to have behavioural problems.
句子结构：主语+ 系动词+ 表语(likely) 还可以用定语从句扩充
The children who are exposed to abuse or neglect in the home are likely to have behavioural problems.
中文：在家遭受虐待或者忽视的孩子可能会有行为问题。
翻译 60：人口的扩大是大量垃圾产生的原因
错误的句子：population expansion constitutes the main reason of enormous garbages. 错误 1 reason for 固定搭配
错误 2 garbage 和 waste 都是不可数名词
正确的句子：The rapid population expansion is the main reason for the huge accumulation of waste.
句子结构：主语+ 系动词+ 表语(reason) 还可以用定语从句扩展
Population expansion is the main reason for the huge accumulation of waste, which can take decades to degrade.
中文：人口的扩大是大量垃圾产生的原因，这些垃圾需要几十年才能降解。
翻译 61：严格的惩罚是减少犯罪率的有效手段
错误的句子：Stiff sentences is an effective method to decrease crime rates.
错误 1 主谓不一致 stiff sentences 错误 2 decrease crime rates 表达不是很好
正确的句子：Stiff punishment is an effective method to reduce crime.
句子结构: 主语+ 系动词+ 表语；不定式“to reduce crime” 还可以用名词性从句和状语从句扩充
It is suggested that stiff punishment is an effective method to reduce crime, as offenders are fearful of getting caught and less likely to commit crime.
中文：严厉的处罚是减少犯罪的有效方法，因为犯罪者害怕被抓而不太可能犯罪。
翻译 62：我们的环境还是很糟糕
错误的句子：Our environment still be in a dire state. 错误 1 没有谓语动词
正确的句子：Our environment is still in a dire state.
句子的结构：主语+ 系动词+ 表语(介宾短语 in a dire state 充当) 还可以用状语从句扩充
Unless our modern lifestyle experiences a profound change, our environment will still be in a dire state.
或者： Unless we make profound changes in modern lifestyles, our environment will remain in a dire state.
中文：除非我们的现代生活方式有深远改变，负责我们的环境还是会很糟。
翻译 63：因为失业率高升，大学生感到有压力去努力学习 错误的句子：Undergraduates are forced to study under pressure due to severe situation of unemployment rate is ascending currently.
错误 1 due to 是介词，后面要加名词（多看手把手第二章，跪求！） 错误 2 ascend， 坑爹替换词 正确的句子：
Undergraduates feel under increasing pressure to study hard, because of the soaring unemployment rate.
句子结构：主语(undergraduates)+ 系动词（feel）+ 表语(介宾短语 under pressure 充当) 还可以用状语从句扩充
Students feel pressured to study hard because the unemployment rate is increasing.
翻译 64：种族歧视仍然很严重
错误的句子：People find it hard to overcome the racial discrimination against some social groups.
错误 这个句子比较大的问题就是主语是 PEOPLE 就是被歧视的人，最后又跑到句末做 against 的宾语。
正确的句子：Racial discrimination remains a serious problem.
句子的结构：主语+ 系动词(remain)+ 表语 可以用状语从句扩充
Racial discrimination remains a serious problem, although governments promote equality.
中文：虽然政府促进平等，但是种族歧视仍然是一个严重问题。
翻译 65:死记乘法表并不是提高算术能力的最好方式。
错误的句子： Learning time tables by rote are not the best way that improves arithmetic ability.
错误 1： 动名词做主语，谓语动词应该是“is” 错误 2：“way that…”定语从句，太过繁琐
正确的句子：Learning the times table by rote is not the best way to improve numeracy.
句子结构: 主语(Learning the times table by rote)+系动词(is)+表语（the best way）；而“to improve numeracy”是后置定语修饰 way。
翻译 66:贫穷国家的首要问题是满足人们基本生存需求
错误的句子：Deprived countries concern how to satisfy citizens' requirements of survive.
错误 1 concern 类似于 worry 或者 involve,在这里都不对 错误 2 requirements 语意理解错误
错误 3 Of 后面要加名词，而 survive 是动词
正确的句子：The top priority for deprived countries is to satisfy citizens' basic needs.
句子的结构: 主语(priority)+系动词 (is)+表语 (to satisfy citizens’ basic needs)
拓展的句子： The top priority for deprived countries is to satisfy citizens' basic needs, which is an effective method to sustain social stability
错误：定语从句的先行词不清楚
正确的句子：The top priority for deprived countries is to satisfy citizens' basic needs, and by doing this, governments can sustain social stability.
中文：贫穷国家的首要问题是满足人们基本生存需求，这是维持国家稳定一个有效 方法。
翻译 67:基因食物对健康的影响仍然未知。 错误的句子
The impact that genetic food has on our health still remains unknown. 错误 1 其实定语从句中，最好要规避这种先行词充当从句宾语的情况，读起来比较别 扭。 错误 2 remains 已经包含 still。
错误 3 genetic food 这个表达也不是很好。
正确的句子：The health effect of GE food remains unclear/yet to be known.
句子结构：主语（health effect）+系动词（remains）+表语（unclear） 也可以用状语从句拓展
The health effect of GE food remains unclear, so clear food labeling is strongly advocated.
注：clear food labeling 就是商场食品上清晰的标签（说清楚食物的特点）
中文：基因食物对健康的影响仍然未知，所以清楚的食物标签被强烈提倡。
翻译 68：网络购物对于很多人已经成为生活中的很普通的一部分。 错误的句子 ：It has become an important part for most people to shop online in daily life.
错误 “part of daily life ”是固定的说法
正确的句子：Online shopping has become a normal part of people’s everyday life.
句子结构：主语+系动词+表语
翻译 69：在一个消费社会里，人们不再满足生活必需品（bare
necessities）。
错误的句子 ：in a throw-away society, people are not satisfied with bare necessities any more.
错误 1：throw-away society 这个词伙不对。
错误 2：not … any more 一般是形容量的东西，而 no longer 强调动作的持续。
正确的句子：in the consumer society, bare necessities are not able to satisfy people’s needs.
翻译 70：人们不健康的生活方式是他们倾向于依赖科技的结果。 错误的句子 ：Unhealthy lifestyle is the result of trend to rely on science and technology.
错误 1：Unhealthy lifestyle 是可数名词，需要加冠词
错误 2：“trend toward doing something”还有“tendency to do something”
正确的句子：People’s unhealthy lifestyle is the result of their tendency to rely heavily on technology.
句子结构：
主语（unhealthy lifestyle）+系动词（is）+表语 （the result）; “of…”全是定语
拓展的句子：People’s unhealthy lifestyle is the result of their tendency
to rely heavily on technology, because this makes their lives more convenience.
错误 1：convenience 是名词
错误 2：because 引导的原因状语从句不清晰，到底是解释 unhealthy lifestyle，还是解释 rely heavily on technology？ 正确的句子：People’s unhealthy lifestyle is the result of their tendency to rely heavily on technology, despite the fact that technology has made their lives convenient and improved their lives significantly. 中文：人们不健康的生活方式是他们倾向于依赖科技的结果，尽管事实上科技让他 们的生活更加方便，给他们的生活带来很大提高。
翻译 71：贫穷是社区犯罪上升的原因。
错误的句子 ：The reason which cause increasingly number of community crimes in society is poverty.
错误 1：reason which cause， 从句的主谓不一致，而且搭配不好 错误 2：increasingly number 副词不能修饰名词
错误 3：这个学生硬是把简单的事情罗嗦地说出来，很别扭。雅思考试考的是语言的通 顺和地道，而不是考你的句子是否够复杂。 正确的句子： Poverty is responsible for the crime wave in many communities.
句子结构：主语（poverty）+系动词 （is）+表语(responsible)
拓展的句子： Because of low-cost carriers, the aviation industry has developed at an astounding pace over the past decades, that means people's traveling will become more convenience and safety. 错误 1： 一般来说是 this means that
错误 2：become 是系动词，后面加形容词去修饰主语。 错误 3：safety 和前面 low –cost carriers 没什么联系。 正确的句子：Because of low-cost carriers, the aviation industry has developed at an astounding pace over the past decades, and this means that people are tempted to travel more frequently than before. 中文：因为费用的下降，航空最近几十年发展得很快，这意味着人们会比以前更多 旅游。
翻译 72：电子汽车的发明是我们维护环境所做努力的其中一部分。 错误的句子：The invention of electric vehicles is a part of our efforts aiming at preserving the environment. 错误 1：一般是“part of”
错误 2：“effort to do something”更为通顺，在这里
正确的句子：The invention of electric vehicles is part of our effort to sustain the environment.
句子结构： 主语（The invention of electric vehicles）+系动词（is）+表语 （part ）; “of…”全是定 语