BIM技术在工程造价管理中的应用研究
摘 要
建筑业在我国是一个劳动密集型、粗放经营的行业，随着人们对建筑物的功能、外观及舒适度要求的提高，附加在建设项目上的信息量也越来越大，尤其是对于某些现代大型建设项目，由于其参建单位多、建设周期长、建设过程信息量大，项目工程管理的难度也大大增加，依赖传统的信息沟通和管理方式很容易导致工程造价管理失控。而使用BIM软件建立建筑信息模型可以将工程项目各个阶段的信息整合在一起，促进项目各主体的参与和配合，在工程实际施工前进行造价管理，从而实现从设计到施工、运营的全过程造价管理，有效避免项目完工后实际成本超出预算情况的发生。
本文针对我国现阶段造价管理中存在的问题，提出将建筑信息模型引入到造价管理中，并从我国BIM应用现状出发，采用“分布式”BIM模型的方法，以具体工程为例建立成本模型，将传统的二维图纸转化为三维模型，对项目造价进行精细化管理，从而实现真正意义上的全过程造价管理。
关键词：建筑信息模型，工程造价管理，BIM造价软件，“分布式”BIM模型方法
Research on the application of BIM technology in engineering cost
management Abstract
The construction industry in our country is a labor intensive and extensive management of the industry, with the people of the building function, appearance and comfort requirements improve, the additional amount of information in the construction project is more and more big, especially for some of the modern large-scale construction project, due to its construction units, long construction period, construction process information, greatly increased the difficulty of project management, rely on the information communication and management of traditional methods can easily lead to project cost management is out of control. And the use of BIM software building information model can projects in various stages of information integration together, to promote the project main body participation and cooperation, in front of the actual construction of cost management, to achieve from design to construction and operation of the whole process cost management, effectively avoid the project after the completion of the actual costs exceed the budget.
The problems in our country present stage cost management existed in proposed building information model is introduced into the cost management, and from the current situation of BIM application in China of the \model method, to specific project as an example to establish a cost model, traditional 2D drawings transformation for a 3D model, the project cost of fine management, so as to realize the true meaning of whole process cost management.
Key words:Building information model, project cost management, BIM cost software, \
目 录
1绪论 .............................................................. 5
1.1课题研究背景及意义........................................... 5 1.2国内外研究现状............................................... 6
1.2.1国外研究现状 ........................................... 6 1.2.2国内研究现状 ........................................... 7 1.3论文研究内容及技术路线....................................... 8
1.3.1研究内容 ............................................... 8 1.3.2技术路线 ............................................... 8
2 BIM与工程造价管理理论研究 ....................................... 10
2.1工程造价的相关知识.......................................... 10
2.1.1工程造价的含义 ........................................ 10 2.1.2工程造价管理 .......................................... 10 2.1.3我国工程造价存在的问题 ................................ 12 2.2BIM在造价管理中的发展趋势................................... 14
2.2.1 BIM技术的基本原理 .................................... 14 2.2.2 BIM技术的优势 ........................................ 15 2.2.3常见的BIM软件 ........................................ 17 2.2.4 BIM软件在造价管理中的应用 ............................ 19
3造价软件的分析比选研究 ........................................... 21
3.1常见的BIM造价软件.......................................... 21
3.1.1国外常用的造价软件 .................................... 21 3.1.2国内常用的造价软件比较 ................................ 21 3.2软件比选.................................................... 22 3.3鲁班软件介绍................................................ 24 4模型的建立与应用研究 ............................................. 26
4.1中华国际广场建设项目简介.................................... 26
4.2.1投资决策阶段 .......................................... 26 4.2.2设计阶段 .............................................. 27
4.2.3招投标阶段 ............................................ 41 4.2.4施工阶段 .............................................. 43
结论............................................................... 46 致谢............................................................... 48 参考文献........................................................... 49