4.5 本章小结·········································································································172

第5章 云南佛教寺院的地域特征······························································173

5.1 云南佛教寺院的地域性····················································································173

5.1.1 “阿吒力”密教的地方化·······································································175 5.1.2 “阿吒力”密教的政治化······································································176 5.1.3 佛教寺院的社会一体化········································································· 177 5.2 云南佛教寺院的民族性····················································································180

5.2.1 观音菩萨的乐土···················································································· 181 5.2.2 佛教寺院的民族化表征········································································· 183 5.3 云南佛教寺院的兼容性····················································································188

5.3.1 不同宗教之间的兼容············································································ 188 5.3.2 不同教派之间的兼容············································································ 194 5.3.3 不同建筑文化的兼容············································································ 195 5.4 云南佛教寺院的磁极性····················································································203

5.4.1 寺院场所与磁性中心············································································· 203 5.4.2 磁性中心与聚落互动············································································· 212 5.5 云南佛教寺院的独创性····················································································214

5.5.1 寺院空间格局的独创性········································································· 215 5.5.2 寺院方位选择的独创性········································································· 217 5.5.3 建筑形态技艺的独创性········································································· 219 5.6 本章小结··········································································································223

第6章 云南佛教寺院的建筑技艺·······························································225

6.1 传统佛教寺院的技艺表现················································································225

6.1.1 传统佛教寺院型制的演进····································································· 225 6.1.2 传统佛教寺院的塑像变化····································································· 229 6.2 云南与中原的交流联系····················································································236

6.2.1 历史渊源································································································236

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6.2.2 建筑技艺借鉴························································································ 238 6.3 云南佛教寺院的建构技术················································································239

6.3.1 平面布置与构架特征············································································· 240 6.3.2 寺院殿堂的斗栱构造············································································· 247 6.4 云南佛教寺院的装饰艺术·················································································255

6.4.1 寺院雕塑艺术························································································· 255 6.4.2 寺院绘画艺术·························································································258 6.5 本章小结··········································································································267

第7章 云南佛教寺塔的形式与文化··························································269

7.1 丰富多彩的云南佛教寺塔················································································269 7.2 云南佛塔的形式及其文化意味·········································································273

7.2.1 汉传佛教佛塔························································································ 273 7.2.2 金刚宝座佛塔·························································································281 7.2.3 南传佛教佛塔························································································ 284 7.3 从“柱”崇拜到“塔”崇拜的嬗变··································································293

7.3.1 从“树”崇拜到“柱”崇拜····································································294 7.3.2 中原地区的“柱”崇拜·········································································· 298 7.3.3 云南本土的“柱”崇拜···········································································302 7.4 佛教寺塔的文化意义························································································307 7.5 本章小结···········································································································311

结论························································································································313

参考文献················································································································321 后记·························································································································330

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