3. soldiering 4. showing ... off 5. will make a difference 6. binges 7. intimacy8. resiliency

III. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words. 1. fragility 2. drastic

3. replacement 4. athleticism 5. portrayal 6. inheritance

7. confidence 8. embarrassing

IV. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part in each sentence without changing its original meaning. 1. B 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. A 7. C 8. D

V. Give a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used.

1. Synonym: alter (transfer, change)

2. Synonym: show (indicate, manifest, exhibit) 3. Synonym: delicate (slight, nice, fine) 4. Antonym: prosperity (success)

5. Synonym: consider (regard, deem, judge)

6. Synonym: embarrassed (uneasy, uncomfortable) 7. Synonym: embrace (hold, cuddle) 8. Synonym: astonishing (amazing)

IV. Explain the meaning of the underlined part in each sentence. 1. argument 2. projects 3. friendly 4. finished

5. not to hurry 6. sensible; well-founded Grammar exercises

I. Improve the following sentences.

1. The students of Class One are more hardworking than those of Class Two.

2. He has sat at the table for several hours and drunk considerably more wine than is good for his health.

3. The greater the achievements (are), the more modest we should be.

4. The British are crazy about pets. It is said that British parents take better care of their pets than of their children.

5. Tom likes pop music more than his eighteen-year-old daughter does. 6. Mary would do it much more quickly than I would.

7. I like Betty and Mary, but I think Betty's the nicer of the two. 8. It's the most expensive car in the world.

II. Rewrite the following sentences, omitting whatever can be omitted without change of meaning.

1. In 1970, the number of students in our school was about five hundred, and in 1981, over two thousand.

2. Reading makes a full man, conference a ready man, and writing an exact man. 3. Paul likes poetry, but Peter fiction.

4. The hunter was frightened and was firing at the bear. 5. While at college, he was a prominent athlete.

6. Mr Brown teaches, and his son studies, at Cambridge.

7. Thales thought water was the beginning of everything; Anaximenes, air; Heraclitus, fire. 8. Max lost but Sue found the key to the safe.

III. Omit the subject and auxiliary verbs of the relative clauses. 1. The aeroplane, loaded to capacity, was a long time taking off.

2. Any dutiable articles not declared to the customs will be liable to confiscation. 3. This scene, superbly acted by Henry Irving, moved the audience to tears.

4. Overseas letters sent by airmail reach their destination faster than those sent by train or ship. 5. The castle, burnt down in the sixteenth century, was never rebuilt. 6. Words spoken in haste often lead to trouble.

7. Not a single case of T.B. was found in the X-rays studied.

8. The men, soaked with sweat from an all-night march, immediately went into action. IV. Fill in the blanks with rather or fairly. 1. rather 2. rather 3. fairly/rather 4. fairly 5. rather 6. rather 7. rather 8. rather

V. Rewrite the following paragraph into direct speech.

What have you done to your clothes? How could you have managed to get so muddy? If you've been playing on the river bank, it's extremely naughty of you. You know the banks are very slippery and that you might fall in and drown. You both know you've been forbidden to play near the river.

VI. Make sentences of your own after the sentences given below, keeping the underlined structures in your sentences. (Reference version)

1. He didn't come to help, but to hinder us. 2. They didn't find her until the next day. Translation exercises

I. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.

1. 电影镜头这种观察社会的特殊眼睛好像彻底变换了聚焦对象。

2. 这些形影不离的银幕形象似乎是来自远古社会——故事情节好像是制片人从诠释男性间密切关系的人类学通俗读物里选取出来似的。

3. 男性伙伴因共同参与某种活动而相互联系在一起。

4. 一位男士曾经告诉她说，男人只有一起“经历过战争”——无论是商场、运动场还是战场的战争——才能成为真正的伙伴。

II. Translate the following sentences into English, using the word and phrases given in brackets. 1. Your remarks do make sense, but the way of expression borders on rudeness. 2. Any unemployed person counts as deserving government help. 3. On the whole I am quite satisfied with the experiment.

4. A person's appearance makes a difference in how others judge him. 5. Advertising tends to portray women in very traditional roles.

6. Having inherited a considerable fortune, the twin sisters just couldn't wait to show off their

jewelry.

7. Public interest has once again shifted its focus to the changes in the urban environment.

8. The new type of trains can run smoothly at the speed of about 500 kilometres per hour; in contrast, the old ones are slow and clumsy.

III. Translate the following passage into Chinese.

如同其他许多欧洲国家一样，在法国，朋友通常是在同性之间交往的，而友谊被认为基本上是男人之间的一种关系。法国妇女嘲笑“女人不能成为朋友”这种说法，但她们有时也承认，对女人来说，朋友是“另一回事儿”。另外，许多法国人对男女之间是否可能存在友谊表示怀疑。在一个团体中存在着这样一种关系，男女在一起工作了很长一段时间，他们之间的关系可能很密切，彼此忠诚，感觉亲切。他们可能彼此称copains——这个词的英文意思是“朋友”，但却更接近“老铁”或“哥们”的含义。在法国人眼里这不是友谊，虽然这种团体中的两个人很可能成为朋友。 Exercises for integrated skills I. Dictation

I once said that a friend is a friend all the way, / but now I believe that's a narrow point of view. / For the friendships I have and the friendships I see / are conducted at many levels of intensity, / serve many different purposes, / meet different needs / and range from those as all-the-way / as the friendship of the soul sisters mentioned above / to that of the most casual playmates.

The best of friends, I believe, / totally love and support and trust each other, / and bare to each other the secrets of their souls, / and run to help each other, / and tell harsh truths to each other / when they must be told.

But we needn't agree about everything / to tolerate each other's point of view. / We need to accept without judgment. / To give and to take without ever keeping score. / And to be there, / as I am for them / and as they are for me, / to comfort our sorrows, / to celebrate our joys. II. Fill in each blank in the passage below with ONE appropriate word. (1) as (2) it (3) from (4) time (5) to (6) other (7) before (8) up (9) do (10) difference

V. About the Exercises in the Student's Book Text comprehension

I. Decide which of the following best states the author's purpose of writing. A

II. Judge, according to the text, whether the following statements are true or false.

1. T (Refer to Paragraph 2. \Americans I know who have settled here suppress such outward signs of their heritage 厰)

2. T (Refer to Paragraph 3. \haven't learned -- from their parents.\

3. F (Refer to Paragraph 4. They do not try to completely conceal the dark side of American

society but try to keep their children from such follies of American society as school shootings.) 4. T (Refer to Paragraph 11.)

5. F (Refer to Paragraph 12. Globalization is both beneficial and detrimental. It helps to blur the clear-cut divide between cultures on the one hand but makes children less than fully immersed in a foreign world on the other.)

III. Answer the following questions.

1. Refer to Paragraph 1. For one thing, hanging out the American flag is the only thing he can do in Paris to celebrate Independence Day, which is part of his national heritage. For another, he wants to use this opportunity to teach his children about American history and as a reminder of their American identity.

2. Refer to Paragraph 4. The children seldom mix languages up because they have acquired French at school and English through communication with their English-speaking parents. And they seem to know when to use which.

3. Refer to Paragraphs 4 and 8. The benefits of raising children in a foreign culture, as the writer suggests, include acquiring a foreign language and culture and staying away from the follies of the native culture.

4. Refer to Paragraph 12. Globalization is like a double-edged sword to the growth of children in a foreign culture. On the one hand, it helps to reduce the differences between the foreign culture and the native culture, and facilitates the physical and spiritual re-entry into the native culture. On the other hand, it unfortunately makes it more difficult than ever for children to be fully immersed in the foreign culture.

IV. Explain in your own words the following sentences.

1. July 4 is one of the times I, as a native American, feel instinctively uneasy about the great gaps in our children's understanding of their American identity, and thus I am motivated to do something to fill the gaps.

2. And living away from our native country does not matter much (in our children's acquisition of our native language).

3. In the days when I lived in France as an expatriated child, French children were dressed in the unique French style, thus looking quite different from their counterparts in other countries. 4. Full immersion in a truly foreign world no longer seems possible in Western countries, and I think this is a deplorable impact of globalization upon the growth of children in a foreign country. Structural analysis of the text

The author follows a \means to his children to hang out the national flag of their native land in a foreign country on July 4 every year and then expresses his view on the importance for expatriated people in general to keep their cultural identity, especially when the whole world is undergoing a process of globalization. The specific points can be found in his discussion of the costs and benefits of raising children in a foreign culture in Paragraphs 4? while the general conclusion can be found in Paragraphs 10?2, especially Paragraph 12. Rhetorical features of the text

I've never seen anyone look up, but in my mind's eye an American tourist may notice it and smile, and a French passerby may be reminded of the date and the occasion that prompts its appearance. The function of but here is to express the author's wish that American tourists may notice the flag and be reminded of their national identity.