1. Synonym: save (relieve, refrain) 2. Synonym: danger (risk, jeopardy)

3. Antonym: incomplete (injured, impaired) 4. Synonym: supernatural (mysterious, weird) 5. Synonym: omnipresent (ubiquitous) 6. Synonym: slip (stagger, flounder) 7. Antonym: individual (personal) 8. Synonym: particular (odd, queer)

VI. Explain the meaning of the underlined part in each sentence. 1. security 2. calculated

3. effective 4. increased / higher 5. not often found 6. perspective Grammar exercises

I. Note the use of the present tense in the following paragraph.

The present tense used to refer to past events, found in photograph description, is called the historic present.

The historic present describes a past event as if it were happening now. It conveys something of the dramatic immediacy of an eye-witness account. It is characteristic of popular narrative style. It may also be found in photographic captions and in historical summaries. II. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs given. 1. hear 2. are

3. have / will have 4. tells 5. is 6. gather 7. earns 8. says

9. speaks 10. is writing, opens, enters

III. Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs given.

The annual local horse show takes / is taking / will take place next week and then you will have a chance to meet everybody because all the village will be there. Phyllis is taking / is going to take part in the under-fourteens jumping competition providing her sprained ankle is quite well by then. We will / shall take a picnic lunch if the weather is fine enough and will /shall spend / spend the whole day there. After being in Paris, it will / may amuse you to see our local fashion parade, and it will / may / should give you a chance to get to know some of the young people in the district. IV. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct forms. Visitor: At what time does the museum open?

Attendant: It opens at 9 a.m. on week days but it does not open until 2 p.m. on Sundays. Visitor: How much does it cost to go in? Attendant: No charge is made for admission but tickets for the guided tours are sold at the desk opposite the turnstile.

Visitor: What time do the tours begin? Attendant: They start on the hour every hour. One is starting / is going to start in five minutes if you wish to join it.

V. Complete the following sentences, using idiomatic expressions with comparative forms. 1. had better 2. More ?less

3. fainter and fainter 4. none the worse

5. no better ?no worse 6. so much the better 7. The sooner the better 8. no bigger

VI. Make sentences of your own after the sentences given below, keeping the underlined structures in your sentences. (Reference version)

1. It took her a year to find this English novel but it took her only three days to finish reading it. 2. I'll come only if you promise me that you won't invite Henry. Translation exercises

I. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.

1. 从眼前消失的情景，比起那残留的废墟，更能体现问题的实质。真正能够衡量这个事件的并不是所留下的一切，而是所有那些消失了的东西。 2. 长崎一直以来都被掩盖在广岛的影子下，好像人们的想象力在第一个被毁灭的城市就已经消耗殆尽了，连第二个城市的边缘都没有触及。 3. 因此，每一张照片并不只是反映半个世纪以前所发生的事件，而更像是在摄影中心的墙壁上开出的一个窗口，展现着不久也将可能发生在纽约的类似的情景。 4. 时代的礼物，如果我们懂得如何接受，将是对我们生命的永远的馈赠。

II. Translate the following sentences into English, using the word or phrases given in brackets. 1. Their cattle were branded with the letter \ 2. In this season he has really come into his own as a goal scorer. 3. An economic crisis is hanging over that country.

4 He is the man who really gives the order, but he always remains in the background. 5. After dispatching the messenger, what is left for us to do is nothing but to wait. 6. You just have to call and he's here in a flash.

7. They have lived in the shadow of war for altogether seventeen years.

8. These are the last seven Northeast Tigers in existence. If human beings failed to protect them, the tigers of this species would become extinct. III. Translate the following passage into Chinese.

世贸中心倒塌前102分钟里的声音记录面世了。起初是呼救、问讯和求教，很快就变成了表达绝望、愤怒和爱的声音。如今，被困在世贸中心双子座上的男男女女发出的这些声音成了永久的记忆。

由《纽约时报》记者收集到的这些遗言让人们以一种看不见的形式再次感受这场灾难：北楼最上面的19层和南楼最上面的33层遭受的损失最为惨重，在据说已经死亡的2823人中，至少有1946人，或者说69%的人，是在这些楼层上。

救援人员没能靠近他们。摄影师没能拍下他们的脸。然而，正如在遥远的天边陷入险境的人们在黑匣子里留下的信息一样，他们的遗言不仅让人们看到了不寒而栗的灾难场景，还让人们了解到在这样一个残酷的时刻，仍然存在着勇敢、宽容和大度。 Exercises for integrated skills I. Dictation

Nagasaki had never been subjected to large-scale bombing / prior to the explosion of the atomic bomb there. / On August 1st, 1945, however, / a number of highly explosive bombs were dropped on the city. / A few of these bombs hit the shipyards and dock areas / in the southwest portion of the city. / Several of the bombs hit the Mitsubishi Steel and Arms Works / and six bombs landed at the Nagasaki Medical School and Hospital, / with three direct hits on buildings there. / While the damage from these few bombs was relatively small, / it created considerable concern in Nagasaki /

and a number of people, / principally schoolchildren, / were evacuated to rural areas for safety, / thus reducing the population in the city / at the time of the atomic attack. Mitsubishi /5/ n. 三菱(日本企业名) evacuate /5QU/ vt. 转移；疏散；撤离

II. Fill in each blank in the passage below with ONE appropriate word. (1) went (2) In (3) as (4) for

(5) among (6) number (7) that (8) with (9) followed (10) over

V. About the Exercises in the Student's Book Text comprehension

I. Decide which of the following best states the author's purpose of writing. C

II. Judge, according to the text, whether the following statements are true or false. 1. T (Refer to Paragraphs 1 and 2.) 2. T (Refer to Paragraph 3.)

3. F (Refer to Paragraph 4. The shift was not simply from men to women. It represented in depth a shift from one type of friendship to another. In other words, female friendship depicted in movies nowadays was distinct in nature from male friendship portrayed in earlier movies.) 4. T (Refer to Paragraph 8.) 5. T (Refer to Paragraph 16.)

III. Answer the following questions.

1. Refer to Paragraph 2. She thought it was a trivial movie, particularly with regard to its dull plot. At the same time she found it gentle and affecting on the grounds that the movie described in detail the characteristics of the friendship between two women.

2. Refer to Paragraph 3. Because in the past men were the exclusive images of friendship depicted in movies and they were presented as the only inheritors of a primitive capacity for friendship. Women, on the other hand, were portrayed as incapable of friendship, taking their pleasure in making critical remarks about each other. Nowadays, however, female friendship was becoming a fashionable theme of movies, taking the place of male friendship.

3. Refer to Paragraph 7. Male friendship, i.e. the bonding relationship between buddies, is established on the need for cooperation in the activities that men are engaged in or in the adverse situations they are confronted with. In other words, without the need to do things together, there would probably be no buddies at all. In contrast, female friendship borders on love, the need for mutual emotional support. Women friends desire to be together as a result of spiritual attachment, regardless of whether they are involved in the same act or not.

4. Refer to Paragraphs 8?0. Men become buddies only when they have undergone together competitive, adverse or dangerous situations like sports games and wars, but women are not real friends unless they have exchanged three loathsome secrets. This fact shows again that the male friendship is activity-oriented while female friendship is emotion-rooted.

5. Refer to Paragraph 17. Because what men described as friendship was nothing of the kind at all to the woman. As she saw it, when two women see each other only once a year, they cannot count as best friends; when two women do not call each other long distance without a real reason, they don't count as intimates; and when two women don't have dinner together alone without the company of their spouses, they don't count as chums. But in such situations, men can still describe themselves as bosom friends.

IV. Explain in your own words the following sentences.

1. Slowly, the movie gave a panoramic picture of the characteristics of friendship.

2. This was not simply a shift from one fashion to another, but a trend toward more realistic and natural depictions in cinema-making.

3. The tendency to present only men as capable of true friendship was challenged by the appearance of a more subtle approach.

4. Buddies act tough to show off to each other, so would not reveal weaknesses; friends show their need for each other and are ready to confess weaknesses. Structural analysis of the text

We can summarize the author's viewpoint with the following sentence: A buddy is a fine life-companion but a friend is that part of the race with which you can be human. The parallel sentences used to show the major differences are: Buddies bonded, but friends loved.

Buddies faced adversity together, but friends faced each other.

Buddies seemed to \Rhetorical features of the text

1. Joining clauses with a coordinator: Buddies bonded, but friends loved. (Paragraph 8) Buddies faced adversity together, but friends faced each other. (Paragraph 8) 2. Joining clauses with a subordinator: Men affect each other in the reflection of noble or friendly acts, whilst women ask fewer proofs and more signs and expressions of attachment. (Paragraph 7) Men often keep their buddies in these categories, while women keep a special category for friends. (Paragraph 9)

3. Joining clauses with a punctuation mark: Buddies hang tough together; friends hang onto each other. (Paragraph 11) Buddies try to keep the worst from each other; friends confess it. (Paragraph 12) Note that in these sentences the semicolon cannot be replaced by a comma. Vocabulary exercises

I. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words. 1. endings of profound significance 2. actions and words that show intimacy 3. disgusting secrets

4. to be dispassionate and moderate in behavior

5. closed life with very little communication with the outside

II. Fill in the blank(s) in each sentence with a word or phrase from the box in its appropriate form.

1. hang together 2. picking on