II. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and phrases given in brackets.

1. The pigeon was wedged in the fork of a branch and it fell after a while.

2. The payment that the motorist will have to make is proportional to the amount of damage he has done to the other person's car.

3. You can only enter the cave by inching through a narrow tunnel on your stomach.

4. She stammered some apology for entering my office without knocking as she sidled towards the door.

5. He took pains to explain to me that I was not being dismissed because I didn't do my work well but because the company was confronted by financial troubles.

6. The enlistment of young soldiers infused new hope and morale into the army.

7. Once the older boys stake a claim to the lawn, the younger ones had to give way to them to avoid conflict.

8. The man following her made her uneasy and she couldn't help quickening her steps. III. Translate the following passage into Chinese. 在一些文化中，空间感觉的一个重要方面体现于人们所需要的彼此感觉舒适却又不觉得拥挤的“私人空间”。例如，北美人彼此感觉舒适所需的空间距离大约是4英尺。而阿拉伯人和拉美人反而是彼此靠近才会感觉舒服。因此，不同文化的人可能会无意间侵犯彼此的空间感。正如不同的时间观可能会造成文化冲突，不同的空间观也会引发同样的问题。 Exercises for integrated skills I. Dictation

Body language is the unspoken communication / that goes on in every face-to-face encounter with another human being. / It tells you their true feelings towards you / and how well your words are being received. / Between 60%?0% of our message / is communicated through our body language, / only 7%?0% is attributable to the actual words of a conversation.

Your ability to read and understand another person's body language / can mean the difference / between making a great impression / or a very bad one! / It could help you in a job interview, / at a meeting, / or for a special date!

Every one of us / has experienced the feeling of an instant like / or dislike of someone / but without necessarily knowing why. / We just weren't happy, / there was something about them. / We often refer to this as a hunch or gut feelings, / two descriptions directly relating to our own body's physiological reaction.

physiological /7f?l乑? adj. 生理的

II. Fill in each blank in the passage below with ONE appropriate word. (1) in (2) as

(3) for (4) judgments (5) as (6) head (7) to (8) with

Unit3

V. About the Exercises in the Student's Book Text comprehension

I. Decide which of the following best states the author's purpose of writing.

B

II. Judge, according to the text, whether the following statements are true or false. 1. T (Refer to Paragraph 1.)

2. F (Refer to Paragraph 2. When the author says \might sound like an apparent contradiction,\the author explains the seemingly contradictory idea: on the one hand the Internet is responsible for global unification, and on the other it alienates the participants.)

3. F (Refer to Paragraph 3, where the author, by saying \have not known this fellow to be given to exaggeration?\means that to the best of his knowledge, this friend of his has never exaggerated anything.)

4. T (Refer to Paragraph 4. At the end of this paragraph, the author argues that when people spend much time developing on-line relationships with faraway folks, they will have no time to participate in communal activities, which undermines the sense of community.)

5. T (Refer to Paragraph 6. In this paragraph, the author argues that when surfing the Web a person might be cognitively overloaded and that the cognitive overload might result in a distorted sense of reality.)

III. Answer the following questions.

1. Refer to Paragraph 1. As the author sees it, the Internet is most likely to make our global village a better place to live in. It provides a miraculous forum for the globalization of ideas, which contributes to the realization of human potential. Furthermore, it is a powerful tool for the acquisition and application of knowledge. The benefits of the Internet, however, may be darkened by its negative consequences. It may deprive the user of his time for necessary interaction with other society members so that the whole world may be further fragmented. In addition, there is a reasonable likelihood that the Internet presents too much information, which gives the user a skewed sense of reality by making him cognitively overloaded.

2. Refer to Paragraph 3. His friend was addicted to the Internet. He would spend even over twenty-four hours non-stop on the Internet so that he had to force himself to go off line. As he spent so much time in cyberspace, his sense of reality might have been crooked. Moreover, without any face-to-face verbal communication with other people, he felt lonely and depressed. 3. Refer to Paragraph 4. The alienation of society members had begun long before the Internet started to be used worldwide. After World War II, when the soldiers returned from the battlefields, they devoted themselves to \creation of suburbs, and consequently people lived far apart from each. The Internet, however, has added to the problem and Internet addicts are far from rare. As illustrated by the example of the author's nephew, it seems to be an irreversible trend that more and more people, old and young, are becoming addicted to the Internet. They will spend many hours non-stop in cyberspace rather than with their families or friends. For lack of communication, they are becoming strangers to other people. Therefore, there is a good reason to believe that society is being further alienated by the Internet.

4. The \irony\means that the Internet provides the user with a convenient means of communicating and making friends with people far apart on the one hand, but on the other, it estranges the user from the people around him by canceling his availability for face-to-face communication even with his families and close friends and for involvement in community activities.

5. Refer to Paragraphs 6 and 7. The potential of the Internet as a powerful tool for globalizing ideas and for acquiring and applying knowledge can only be realized when the user strikes a balance between reality and the Internet. Although the Internet makes it possible for the user to debate, shop, travel and have romance in cyberspace without leaving home, the overuse of this tool probably results in a distorted sense of reality. The only way to avoid being penalized by the Internet is make moderate use of this tool without losing one's sense of place in the world. IV. Explain in your own words the following sentences.

1. As the Internet can be reached and used with relatively few restrictions, it plays a role in connecting people globally, which is comparable to travelling through international waterways. 2. A lot of people talk about the \with the idea that the Internet separates people from each other and fragments society further as a result.

3. I think that in our society top priority is given to the satisfaction of one's immediate needs. The Internet is the best means to achieve this purpose, for on the Internet one can do whatever he likes to.

Structural analysis of the text The three parts of the text: Part 1 (Paragraphs 1?); Part 2 (Paragraphs 3?); and Part 3 (Paragraph 7). Thesis statement: ... the Internet may be responsible for furthering the fragmentation of society by alienating its individual users. Concluding statement: All of this being said, I believe that the key to realizing the potential of the Internet is in achieving balance in our lives. Rhetorical features of the text

More antonyms: real杗ot real, reality杤irtual existence, outside playing with his friends杙lay his games against his friends in cyberspace. The use of all these pairs of antonymous words and expressions helps to reinforce the seeming self-contradiction that the Internet can lead to globalization on the one hand and cause the alienation of the users from the people around them on the other.

Vocabulary exercises

I. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words. 1. ability to develop, achieve or succeed

2. causing to feel very distant from or not welcome to other people

3. liked it very much and wanted to spend as much time doing it as possible 4. more information than one can cope with

5. a set of images and sounds produced by a computer which seem so real that for most purposes they can be regarded as real

II. Fill in the blank(s) in each sentence with a phrase from the box in its appropriate form. 1. for the better

2. at the expense of 3. was confronted with 4. took advantage of 5. in earnest

6. are available for 7. prior to

8. would give ... pause to think

III. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words. 1. alienating 2. globalization 3. fragmenting 4. addict

5. exaggerates 6. Depression 7. simulated 8. gratified

IV. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part in each sentence without changing its original meaning. 1. A 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. D 8. D

V. Give a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used.

1. Antonym: intended (purposeful, intentional, planned) 2. Antonym: extraordinary (unusual) 3. Synonym: alienate (isolate, estrange) 4. Synonym: cultivate (nurture)

5. Antonym: considerable (excessive, indulgent) 6. Synonym: improvement (enhancement) 7. Synonym: misrepresent (falsify)

8. Antonym: unimportant (trivial, minor)

VI. Explain the meaning of the underlined part in each sentence. 1. expanses 2. thinking it is necessary 3. commonplace 4. at home 5. tell you 6. large number Grammar exercises

I. Combine the sentences in each group into one, using at least one absolute construction.

1. All of this being said, I believe that the key to realizing the potential of the Internet is in achieving balance in our lives.

2. There having been no rain, the ground was dry.

3. When I walked in, Grandpa was sitting at the kitchen table, the newspaper spread before him. 4. The boys leaned against the willow tree, their fishing poles resting on sticks, their eyes gazing at the bobbers floating on the ripples.

5. Mark went homeward alone, his heart full of a strange emotion.

6. The discussion completed, the chairman adjourned the meeting for half an hour.

7. Diana stood motionless at the end of the diving board, her hands at her sides, her heels slightly raised, every muscle anticipating action.

8. The cowboy dominates the pages of many magazines, his hair dark and curly, his broad shoulders sloping yet powerful and his expression calm and confident. II. Put the verbs in brackets into a gerund or an infinitive. 1. pacify, be pacified, grumbling 2. seeing

3. being treated 4. doing

5. getting, closing