2019年最新国家开放大学电大《管理英语4》网络核心
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考试说明：2019年春期电大把《管理英语4》网络核心课纳入到“国开平台”进行考核，它共有八个单元自测。针对该门课程，给出了每个单元自测的二套标准题库，在考试中可多次抽取试题，直至与其中的一套答案相近即可。本文库还有其他网核及教学考一体化答案，敬请查看。 单元自测1
第一套
一、选择填空题（每题10分，共5题） 题目1
— This project is too big for me to finish on time. 选择一项：
C. I'll give you a hand 题目2
— I think things have been a bit difficult for us the last couple of months. —__________. We've been working hard, but still getting behind. 选择一项： A. You're right 题目3
AT&T found that employees with better planning and decision-making skills were ______ to be promoted into management jobs. 选择一项： A. more likely 题目4
The Human Resource Managing Department at Honda is given specific instructions ______ employ the best possible workers. 选择一项： C. on how to 题目5
The responsibilities in handbook ______ that managers have to be concerned with efficiency and effectiveness in the work process. 选择一项：
B. indicate 题目6
二、阅读理解：根据文章内容，判断正误（共50分）。 Who Killed Nokia?
Nokia executives attempted to explain its fall from the top of the smartphone pyramid with three factors: 1) that Nokia was technically inferior to Apple, 2) that the company was complacent and 3) that its leaders didn't see the disruptive iPhone coming.
It has also been argued that it was none of the above. Nokia lost the smartphone battle because of divergent shared fears among the company's middle and top managers which led to company-wide inertia that left it powerless to respond to Apple's game.
Based on the findings of an in-depth investigation and 76 interviews with top and middle managers, engineers and external experts, the researchers discovered a culture of fear due to temperamental leaders and that frightened middle managers were scared of telling the truth. The fear that froze the company came from two places. First, the company's top managers had a terrifying reputation. Some members of Nokia's board and top management were described as “extremely temperamental” and they regularly shouted at people “at the top of their lungs”. It was very difficult to tell them things they didn't want to hear. Secondly, top managers were afraid of the external environment and not meeting their quarterly targets, which also impacted how they treated middle managers.
Top managers thus made middle managers afraid of disappointing them. Middle managers were told that they were not ambitious enough to meet top managers' goals.
Fearing the reactions of top managers, middle managers remained silent or provided optimistic, filtered information. Thus, middle managers directly lied to top management.
Worse, a culture of status inside Nokia made everyone want to hold onto vested power for fear of resources being allocated elsewhere if they delivered bad news or showed that they were not bold or ambitious enough to undertake challenging assignments.
Beyond verbal pressure, top managers also applied pressure for faster performance in personnel selection. This led middle managers to over promise and under deliver. One middle manager told us that “you can get resources by promising something earlier, or promising a lot. It's sales work.”
While modest fear might be healthy for motivation, abusing it can be like overusing a drug,
which risks generating harmful side effects. To reduce this risk, leaders should coordinate with the varied emotions of the staff. Nokia's top managers should have encouraged safe dialogue, internal coordination and feedback to understand the true emotion in the organization. 操作提示：正确选T，错误选F。
1. Nokia lost the smartphone battle because its technology is not as good as that of Apple. F
2. Nokia's middle managers were frank to tell the truth, but the top ones didn't listen to them. F
3. Nokia's top managers were too moody to hear anything good but harsh. T 4. Middle managers in Nokia delivered results more than they promised earlier. F
5. Nokia's top managers should have had better conversation techniques to encourage internal coordination and truth. T 第二套
一、选择填空题（每题10分，共5题）
— Could you give us a speech on management functions some day this week? 选择一项：
C. I'd love to, but I'm busy this week 题目2
— We could let some of the staff work from home.________________? — That's a good idea. 选择一项：
B. What do you think of it 题目3
______ his anger the employees called him Mr. Thunder, but they loved him. 选择一项： A. Due to 题目4
It is through enthusiasm and quiet intensity ______ we transform creativity and vision into the technologies. 选择一项： A. that
题目5
The responsibilities in handbook ______ that managers have to be concerned with efficiency and effectiveness in the work process. 选择一项： B. indicate 题目6
二、听力理解：听录音，选择最佳答案（共50分）。 操作提示：通过下拉选项框，选择答案。
1. What kind of role is Melinda taking on for her job? C. Project coordinator.
2. How long will Melinda be trained for her new role? B. Half a month.
3. How often should Melinda report to the board on the progress of the project? A. Once a month.
4. What kind of contract can Melinda sign with outside contractors? B. Standard temporary-worker contract.
5. Which one does NOT belong to Melinda's responsibilities? A. Formulate the industry standard of payment. 单元自测2 第一套
一、选择填空题（每题10分，共5题） 题目1
—____________________identify the problems that have been occurring?
—Well, as you know, the problems we had with Gary caused a lot of friction among the team. 选择一项：
C. Are you able to 题目2
— If you can't say what you've come to say at the meeting, what's the point? —____________________,but I think you might need to change your approach somewhat. 选择一项：
B. I can see that
题目3
When the message finally reached the Command Center, it __________ “mutated” to become —“Send three and four-pence, we're going to a dance.” 选择一项： B. had 题目4
Every time I tried to say something, he would ______ to something else. 选择一项： B. move on 题目5
If demand is rising but the firm __________ from communication failure, then stocks will fall and there will be understaffing. 选择一项： C. is suffering 题目6
二、阅读理解：根据文章内容，判断正误（共50分）。 Habits of Highly Effective Communicators
It's no secret that good leaders are also good communicators. Indeed, communication and leadership are inextricably tied. How can you galvanize, inspire or guide others if you don't communicate in a clear, credible and authentic way? Here are 5 essential communication practices of effective leaders:
1. Mind the say-do gap. Trust is the bedrock of effective leadership – your behavior is your single greatest mode of communication, and it must be congruent with what you say. If your actions don't align with your words, you are storing up trouble for the future.
2. Make the complex simple. Effective leaders distill complex thoughts and strategies into simple, memorable terms that colleagues and customers can grasp and act upon. The most important thing is to clarify what you want to say, look out for technical jargon and avoid business speak, which add complexity. Say what you mean in as few words as possible.
3. Find your own voice. Use language that's distinctly your own; let your values come through in your communication. Correct use of language and grammar are important, of course, but don't become overly fixated on eloquence for eloquence's sake; concentrate on being distinct and real.
People want real, people respect real, people follow real.
4. Be visible Visibility is about letting your key stakeholders get a feel for who you are and what you care about. Don't hide behind a computer and only interact with people electronically – see them face to face and voice to voice, and interact with them in a real, substantial way. In today's environment, where people are often burned out, it's important for employees to have a personal connection with you and the work you believe in. Show the people that work for you that you're engaged and that you care about them and their work.
5. Listen with your eyes as well as your ears. Effective communication is a two-way process, and good leaders know how to ask good questions, and then listen with both their eyes and their ears. Because you are in a position of authority, others may be reluctant to express their real opinions to you directly. You won't always get direct feedback, so you need to also be able to read between the lines and look for the non-verbal cues. 操作提示：正确选T，错误选F。
1. Communication and leadership don't always go hand in hand. F
2. The say-do gap happens when people misunderstand their leader's intention. F 3. Using technical jargon makes a leader convincing. F 4. Communicating sincerely is always the best. T
5. Observation is as important as communication when you want to know what people really think. T 第二套
一、选择填空题（每题10分，共5题） 题目1
—How did your meeting go yesterday?
— ____________________actually, it was really frustrating. 选择一项： A. Not so good 题目2
—How can you explain the latest situation? —____________________,I know it is all my fault. 选择一项： A. Sorry
题目3
If demand is rising but the firm __________ from communication failure, then stocks will fall and there will be understaffing. 选择一项： C. is suffering 题目4
I think the primary ______factor is there's been so much absence lately. 选择一项： A. contributing 题目5
He's left now, but productivity hasn't ______that much. 选择一项： C. picked up 题目6
二、完型填空（共50分）
操作提示：通过下拉选项框选择正确的词汇。 What We Have Here: A Failure to Communicate
It is the weirde thing. There are more ways than ever to communicate with people, yet it sometimes seems like it is more difficult to connect — and stay connected — with anyone.
Should you shoot off an email? Tap out a text? Post a private message on Facebook? Write on their Facebook wall? Skype, poke, ping or conjure them up on a digital tin can phone? And once you reach someone, you wonder: Is he paying attention? How do you know? Even with the techno-ease of countless communication devices, conversations can still be troublesome. Questions are asked and answered out of order. Instructions and directions go half-read. Meetings are botched. Feelings are hurt. 单元自测 3 第一套
一、选择填空题（每题10分，共5题） 题目1
— I am sorry for what I have said to you. 选择一项：
C. Don't think any more about it. 题目2
— Will you help me arrange a meeting with Mr. Brown, please? 选择一项：
C. Sorry I can't. I have to finish my project right now. 题目3
If I take the time to talk with my manager at the beginning of a project, we ______ off to a great start on the same page. 选择一项： A. can get 题目4
I believe that I have a lot to contribute ______ a team environment, and am comfortable in both leadership and player roles. 选择一项： A. to 题目5
The team creates an environment ______ people are comfortable in communicating, advocating positions, and taking action. 选择一项： C. in which 题目6
阅读理解：根据文章内容，判断正误（共50分）。 Tips for Team Building
When you think of team building, do you immediately picture your group off at a resort playing games or hanging from ropes? Traditionally, many organizations approach team building in this way but, then, they wonder why that wonderful sense of teamwork that had been displayed at the retreat or the seminar fails to impact long term beliefs and actions back at work.
I'm not averse to retreats, planning sessions, seminars and team building activities — in fact I lead them — but they have to form part of a much larger teamwork effort. You will not build teamwork by “retreating” as a group for a couple of days each year, instead you need to think of team building as something you do every single day.
? Form teams to solve real work issues and to improve real work processes. Provide training in systematic methods so the team expends its energy on the project, not on trying to work out how to work together as a team to approach the problem.
? Hold department meetings to review projects and progress, to obtain broad input, and to coordinate shared work processes. If there is friction between team members, examine the work processes they mutually own — the problem is not usually their personalities; instead, it is often the fact that the team members haven't agreed on how they will deliver a product or service, or the steps required to get something done.
? Build fun and shared occasions into the organization's agenda — hold pot luck lunches, take the team to a sporting event, sponsor dinners at a local restaurant, go hiking or go to an amusement park. Hold a monthly company meeting, sponsor sports teams and encourage cheering team fans.
? Use ice breakers and teamwork exercises at meetings — these help team members get to know each other, share details about each others lives, and have a laugh together.
? Celebrate team successes publicly. There are many ways you could do this, for instance by buying everyone the same T-shirt or hat, putting team member names in a draw for company merchandise and gift certificates. The only thing limiting you is your imagination.
If you do the types of teamwork building listed above, you'll be amazed at the progress you will make in creating a teamwork culture, a culture that enables individuals to contribute more than they ever thought possible — together. 操作提示：正确选T，错误选F。
1. Team building event is traditionally related to playing games at resort. T
2. The author claims that playing games together is as important as form teams to solve real work issues and to improve real work processes for team building. F
3. “Retreat” in the first paragraph means withdrawal of troops after a defeat. F 4. Ice breaking motivates team members compete with each other. F
5. A good teamwork culture enables individuals make more efforts together. T 第二套
一、选择填空题（每题10分，共5题） 题目1
— I am sorry for what I have said to you.
选择一项：
C. Don't think any more about it. 题目2
— Could I borrow your iPad for a few hours? 选择一项：
B. Sure, here you are. Enjoy your time. 题目3
Regular and concrete feedback is important ______ who is not performing up to her potential. 选择一项：
B. when dealing with a worker 题目4
Team members are ______ as unique people with irreplaceable experiences, points of view, and knowledge to contribute. 选择一项： B. viewed 题目5
In high school, I am equally comfortable______as a member of a team and independently. 选择一项： B. working 题目6
二、阅读理解：根据文章内容，完成选择题（共50分）。 A Teamwork Game
A team of about 35 employees had come together for a team building event. They were a young, bright and enthusiastic team. However, one of their chief problems was the fact that they wouldn't share information or solutions with each other, and the team leader thought they were too focused on themselves and not on the team. As a result, she brought them all into the cafeteria. All of the tables and chairs had been stored away, and fun decorations and hundreds of different colored balloons had been placed around the room.
In the center of the room was a big box of balloons that hadn't been blown up yet. The team leader instructed everybody to pick a balloon, blow it up, and write their name on it, but they had to be careful not to burst the balloon.
Although they were given a second chance if their first balloon popped, they were out of the game the second time round. In the end, about 30 team members wrote their names without their balloons popping. They were then asked to leave the room and, after five minutes, the team leader brought them back in and asked them to find the balloon with their name on it amongst the hundreds of other balloons in the room. After 15 minutes of searching, no one had found their balloon, and the team were told that they were then going to move on to the third round of the activity. In this round, each team member was instructed to find any balloon with a name on it and then give that balloon to the person whose name was on it. Within two minutes, everybody had their own balloon. The team leader summarized the activity thus: “We are much more efficient when we are willing to share with each other and much better at problem solving when we are working together, not individually.”
Sometimes, members of teams create obstacles by focusing solely on their own pursuits and goals. Every member of the team should ask themselves on a regular basis what they are doing and what they can do for the team.
操作提示：通过题目后的下拉选项框选择正确答案。 1. This team building event was aimed at
B. making the team members know how to share information or solutions and cooperate with each other
2. This event was held in A. a self-service restaurant
3. About how many team members were out of the second round of the activity? C. 5.
4. Which statement below is correct?
C. In the third round, everybody had their own balloon with help from others within 2 minutes. 5. What was the event going to teach these employees?
A. Sharing and cooperating with other team members is more efficient when they are working together. 单元自测 4 第一套
一、选择填空题（每题10分，共5题） 题目1
—Can I get you a couple of tea? 选择一项：
A. That's very nice of you 题目2
— Do you mind if I use vouchers to spend in a restaurant? 选择一项：
B. Not at all. Go ahead. 题目3
The leader ______ at creating opportunities to provide rewards, recognition and thanks to his or her staff. 选择一项： C. excels 题目4
______ clearly communicate with and actively listen to employees is essential to improve their performance. 选择一项： C. Being able to 题目5
All the team members tried their best. We lost the game, _________. 选择一项： A. however 题目6
二、听力理解：听录音，判断正误（共50分）。 请听录音：
操作提示：正确选“T”，错误选“F”。
1. Human resources supported the proposal of giving the business intelligence a pay incentive every three months at the beginning. F
2. Brad from human resources supports Scott's idea. T 3. Carlotta is the manager of HRD. F
4. Men and women in the business intelligence team who have been selected to get the prize will receive the same rewarding things. F
5. The prize-winner cannot choose the prize that costs more than $500. 7. The prize-winner can only have material awards and no day off. T 第二套
一、选择填空题（每题10分，共5题） 题目1
— Wow! This is a fantastic project! I've never known you're so creative. 选择一项：
C. Thanks for your compliments. 题目2
—Can I get you a couple of tea? 选择一项：
A. That's very nice of you 题目3
______ clearly communicate with and actively listen to employees is essential to improve their performance. 选择一项： C. Being able to 题目4
Companies are ______ interested in your soft skills ______ they are in your hard skills. 选择一项： B. as…as… 题目5
All the team members tried their best. We lost the game, _________. 选择一项： A. however 题目6
二、阅读理解：根据文章内容，完成选择题（共50分）。 How Google Continues to Keep Employees Happy
Working for Google is a dream of many, not just because of what this company has achieved in the last 15 years, but because of its enviable work culture. With about 37,000 employees in 40 countries, you might wonder how Google maintains a motivating work experience throughout its
entire company.
Working for Google comes with perks that most other organizations can't provide -- bowling alleys, free haircuts, gym memberships, and shuttles to and from work. The company's secret to success is putting the same amount of time and effort into keeping employees happy as it does into innovating products.
Back when the company was just a start-up, co-founders Larry Page and Sergey Brin had the goal of making Google a place the most talented people wanted to work at. Their idea was simple: creating a work culture that keeps employees happy will motivate them to do their best and will keep them loyal to the company.
“It's less about the aspiration to be No. 1 in the world, and more that we want our employees and future ones to love it here, because that's what's going to make us successful,” said Karen May, the Vice President of people development at Google.
Google also makes its employees want to work because managers provide tasks that are inspiring and challenging. Every employee at Google has the opportunity to spend 20% of his or her working time on a project they choose. This freedom takes employees out of their routine and away from the mundane tasks that often make workers feel uninspired about their jobs.
Lastly, Google shows each employee just how important he or she is to the company. Each employee, regardless of her spot on the totem pole, has an influence on how Google performs. “If you value people, and care about them as whole people, one thing you do is giving them a voice, and you really listen,” May said.
Google does just that by hosting employee forums every Friday, where they discuss the 20 most-asked questions. Employees have access to all company information, adding a sense of trust, and employees and leaders work together to solve problems. 操作提示：通过题目后的下拉选项框选择正确答案。 1. How would you describe Google? B. Large global enterprises
2. Which one does NOT belong to the methods that Google motivate its employees? A. Promoting the employee who has more influence on Google the higher job position. 3. Who founded Google?
A. Larry Page and Sergey Brin
4. If you are a normal employee of Google, what could you do EXCEPT?
B. Only work for the project you choose. 5. What is Google's secret to success?
C. Valuing the happiness of its employees as much as innovating good products. 单元自测5 第一套
一、选择填空题（每题10分，共5题） 题目1
— I think I have made a great mistake. 选择一项：
C. I don't think so. It's not your fault. 题目2
— Why didn't you come to my birthday party yesterday? 选择一项：
B. Sorry, but my wife had a car accident. 题目3
My leather shoes cost me ________ the last pairs I bought. 选择一项：
C. three times as much as 题目4
The workmen want to ________ the number of working hours and to increase pay. 选择一项： B. decrease 题目5
Linda walked at the head, ________ by her colleagues. 选择一项： A. followed 题目6
二、阅读理解：根据文章内容，判断正误（共50分）。 Performance Management and Performance Appraisal
Performance management aims to acknowledge employee achievements, support their personal and professional development, and motivate and empower them to perform their work effectively.
Performance management helps employees to develop their understanding, knowledge and skills so that they can contribute to the achievement of the enterprise's goals and gain personal and job satisfaction. It is a vital part of any quality human resource system.
Every enterprise wants and should expect high performance from each employee.The elements of a competency-based performance management system will, if implemented well, enable high performance which will define enterprise and personal success. Using performance management processes, an enterprise can be better placed to meet competitive challenges. This is done by: ●identifying the critical positions
●determining the most important competencies for those positions ●providing the education, training and feedback required by employees ●holding each person accountable for their results
The key to the performance management process is ‘performance appraisal'. Performance appraisal is simply an evaluation of how well an employee performs his or her job compared to a set of predetermined standards. It is a systematic process of feedback on an employee's work performance, and agreement to future training plans, job goals and job aspirations.
To be effective, a performance appraisal needs to have a set of agreed criteria that will be the basis of feedback as well as of setting future goals. Units of competency provide a very effective tool for setting benchmarks or criteria for work performance. The performance criteria within units of competency can be used as measures to assess against in a performance appraisal or review.
操作提示：正确选T，错误选F。
1. Performance management is a very important part of any quality human resource system. T 2. The aim of performance management is to punish the unqualified employees. F
3. An enterprise can be better placed to meet competitive challenges by providing the education, training and feedback required by employees, for example. T
4. Every enterprise can expect high performance from each employee. F 5. “Performance management” is also called “performance appraisal”. F 第二套
一、选择填空题（每题10分，共5题） 题目1
— I think I have made a great mistake.
选择一项：
C. I don't think so. It's not your fault. 题目2
— Over-the-top? You mean… 选择一项：
A. Well, sometimes your co-workers feel that you are too loud. 题目3
They have come to the conclusion ________ this winter will be even colder than before. 选择一项： A. that 题目4
Please ask the solicitor what his ________ would be to take the case to court. 选择一项： B. fee 题目5
A child's character is greatly influenced by his home ________. 选择一项： B. environment 题目6
二、阅读理解：根据文章内容，完成选择题（共50分）。 How to Handle a Bad Performance Review
Getting a bad performance review can make you feel angry, unappreciated, defeated, and hopeless. But it's not the end of the world. Remember that the way you respond to this appraisal can make all the difference in the next one. Even if you believe that the review is inaccurate and that your boss is completely wrong, you will benefit by reacting in a mature, adult manner. Here are some suggestions:
Stay calm. Relax. Breathe. Do not overreact and be objective. Especially, do not say things that will likely be regretted later. Besides, the person giving the performance review may or may not be the one who has written the bad review. What to Do When Receiving a Bad Performance Review
It's best to listen attentively. And make comments or remarks only when asked for them.
Besides, during the performance review, you will be given the chance to respond and may disagree. What to Do After Receiving a Bad Performance Review
Don't be intimidated by the bad performance review and want to quit the job; instead, learn from it. Also, if the organization allows their employees to make a written statement on their own behalf, do make one. It is important for the worker to show why she does not agree with the bed performance review; for instance, an employee may express their different understanding and, at the same time, a willingness to comply with any constructive suggestions. Ways to Improve a Bad Performance Review
A way to improve a bad performance review is to set self-reviews, that is, establish performance standards. Another way to improve a bad review is to learn more about what the manager, supervisor, or boss wants or expects from his/her employees. Learning what it was that caused a bad performance review helps to improve professional growth and encourages as well as motivates the worker to do better in order to receive a good review next time. 操作提示：通过题目后的下拉选项框选择正确答案。
1. What should you do when you are given a bad performance review? C. Stay calm and listen carefully.
2. What should you do after you are given a bad performance review? C. Learn from the review.
3. What should you do if you do not agree with the bad performance review? B. Make a written statement on your own behalf if it is allowed. 4. How do you improve a bad performance review A. Understand the established performance standards.
5. Why should we understand the cause of a bad performance review? B. Because it encourages and motivates the worker to do better. 单元自测 6 第一套
一、选择填空题（每题10分，共5题） 题目1
— Which of these hats do you want? — _______ . Either will do. 选择一项：
A. I don't mind 题目2
— If you don't believe in yourself, no one else will. — _____. Confidence is really important. 选择一项：
C. I couldn't agree more 题目3
Redundancy happens when employees need to _____ their workforce. And as a result, someone gets dismissed from work. 选择一项： C. reduce 题目4
He ordered that nothing ________ until the police arrived. 选择一项：
B. should be touched 题目5
By the end of the year, the sales plan for the next year______. 选择一项：
B. will have been made 题目6
二、完型填空（共50分）
操作提示：通过下拉选项框选择正确的词汇。
On May 27, 1995, our life was suddenly changed. It happened a few minutes past three, when my husband, Chris, fell from his horse as it jumped over a fence. Chris was paralyzed (瘫痪) from the chest down, unable to breathe normally. As he was thrown from his horse, we entered into a life of disability with lots of unexpected challenges. We went from the “haves” to the “have-nots”. Or so we thought.
Yet what we discovered later were all the gifts that came out of sharing difficulties. We came to learn that something wonderful could happen in a disaster. All over the world people cared for Chris so much that letters and postcards poured in every day. By the end of the third week in a medical center in Virginia, about 35,000 pieces of mail had been received and sorted.
As a family, we opened letter after letter. They gave us comfort and became a source of strength for us. We use them to encourage ourselves. I would go to the pile of letters marked with “funny” if we need a laugh, or to the “disabled” box to find advice from people in wheelchairs or even in bed living happily and successfully. These letters, we realized, had to be shared. And so here we offer one of them to you. 第二套
一、选择填空题（每题10分，共5题） 题目1
— Can I have three days off next week, Mr. Smith? — _____. I can manage without you. 选择一项： B. Of course 题目2
—I'm going to Beijing for a few days. — _______. I wish I could go with you. 选择一项：
C. I really envy you 题目3
He ordered that nothing ________ until the police arrived. 选择一项：
B. should be touched 题目4
All _____ glitters (闪闪发光) is not gold. 选择一项： A. that 题目5
By the end of the year, the sales plan for the next year______. 选择一项：
B. will have been made 题目6
二、阅读理解：根据文章内容，判断正误（共50分）。
Jack Welch Leading Organizational Change at GE
When Jack Welch, the Chairman and CEO at General Electric (GE) retired in 2001, he could look back at a very successful career. He became CEO in 1981 at the age of 45. At that time, GE had a very complex organizational structure with considerably bureaucratic rules. One of his first changes was to initiate a strategy formulation process with the guideline that each of the businesses should be number 1 or 2 in their respective areas. If this was not the case, managers had the options of fixing the problem, selling their particular business, or closing it. In an effort to streamline the organization, Welch removed the sector level and eliminated thousands of salaried and hourly employee positions.
The restructuring was followed by changing the organizational culture and the managerial styles of GE's managers. One such program was the Work-Out（群策群力）.Groups of managers were assembled to share their views openly in three-day sessions. At the beginning of the meetings, the superior presented the challenges for his or her organizational unit. Then the superior had to leave, requesting the groups to find solutions to the problems. Facilitators (会议主持人) helped these discussions. On the last day, the superior was presented with proposed solutions. He or she then had three choices: to accept the proposal, not to accept it, or to collect more information. This process put great pressure on the superior to make decisions.
Another program to improve effectiveness and efficiency was Best Practices. The aim was to learn from other companies how they obtained customer satisfaction, how they related to their suppliers, and in what ways they developed new products. This helped the GE people to focus on the processes in their operations that would improve the company's performance.
Jack Welch was personally involved in developing managers at GE's training center in Crotonville. Leaders, Welch suggested, are not only those who achieve results but also those who share the values of the company. 操作提示：正确选T，错误选F。
1. Jack Welch retired at the age of 65. T
2. Jack Welch insisted that each of the businesses should be at least number 3 in their respective area. F
3. If the business could not meet Welch's change requirements, its manager had 3choices. T 4. The restructuring went before changing the organizational culture and the managerial styles of GE's managers. T
5. The Work Out lasted a week. F 单元自测 7 第一套
一、选择填空题（每题10分，共5题） 题目1
— Terribly sorry to interrupt, but may I use your dictionary? — Yes,______________. 选择一项： A. of course 题目2
— Have you already paid? What's my share of the bill？ — _________. It wasn't very much. 选择一项：
C. Don't worry about it 题目3
All the _____ guests are seated in the front row. 选择一项： C. distinguished 题目4
______ on the hilltop, you could enjoy the scenery of the city bathed in the sun. 选择一项： A. Standing 题目5
______ the importance of English, we should put more effort into it and try to learn it well. 选择一项： A. Given 题目6
二、听力理解：听录音，判断正误（共50分）。 请听录音：
操作提示：正确选“T”，错误选“F”。
1. Two different corporate cultures are discussed in the dialog. T
2. Melinda's company also has a creative culture. F
3. According to Jack, the important thing is to hire the right employees in the first place. T
4. In a creative culture teamwork is not encouraged. F
5. A creative culture is better than a collaborative culture. F 第二套
一、选择填空题（每题10分，共5题） 题目1
— Have you already paid? What's my share of the bill？ — _________. It wasn't very much. 选择一项：
C. Don't worry about it 题目2
— The Auto Show in the City Stadium has been canceled. — Oh, no！_________ 选择一项： A. What a pity! 题目3
The reason _____ he was absent from class yesterday was that he was ill and hospitalized. 选择一项： B. why 题目4
Compared ______ English, Chinese is generally believed to be more difficult to learn. 选择一项： A. with 题目5
What can we expect ____him? 选择一项： B. from 题目6
二、完型填空（共50分）
操作提示：通过下拉选项框选择正确的词汇。
What is museum? A museum is a good place to keep old and beautiful things. A museum may be a place to learn about science. A museum can be a place about art of Indians or animals. What is inside a museum? Some museums have old cars and airplanes. Many museums have pictures and statues （雕像）. Others have rocks and old bones. One museum even has a coal mine inside! Many cities have museums. Some very small towns have museums, too. Indianapolis has a children's museum. Children do not have to pay to get in. Children go to the museum often. They like to look at the dinosaur bones. They see a white bear ten feet tall. They go inside an old log cabin （小木屋）. On Saturday, Indianapolis children can hear talks about animals and trees. They see movies. 单元自测 8 第一套
一、选择填空题（每题10分，共5题） 题目1
— You have to believe in yourself. No one else will, if you don't. — ____________________Confidence is really important. 选择一项：
C. I couldn't agree more. 题目2
— I'd like a wake-up call at 7:00 a.m., please! — OK,________________ . 选择一项：
B. I'll make sure you get one. 题目3
please ______ your hand if you have any question at all. 选择一项： A. raise 题目4
We ________ with achievement. 选择一项： B. are obsessed 题目5
When people are surrounded by ______ communication and encouragement, they can find the courage to try, fail, redo, and try again. 选择一项： B. constant 题目6
二、阅读理解：根据文章内容，完成选择题（共50分）。 How Do You Create a Culture of Innovation?
Have you noticed the courage buried in the word encourage? To create a culture in which innovation flourishes takes courage. Determined innovators are always courageous enough to establish a culture in which innovation is greatly encouraged and rewarded. Here are three ways to do that.
Put innovation at the heart of strategy, and persist it in every message. Think of innovation strategy as a pyramid: big bets at the top, a few projects in development in the middle, and a broad base of continuous improvements, lasting contributions, and early-stage new ideas at the bottom.
Define jobs around innovation. Make it a job prerequisite. Consider 3M’s move to become one of the first companies to tell professionals that they could spend 15 percent of their time on projects of their own choosing. Now many high-tech companies know that they can’t get the best talent without providing this kind of flexibility. And some of those self-selected, self-organized projects might even result in a blockbuster product or line of business. For 3M, it was the Post-it note.
Recognize innovation in every part of the company. To build a culture of creativity and innovation, Gillette developed an innovation fair in which every unit could show off its most promising new concepts. It shows that everyone has a role to play in a culture of innovation. To go from idea to successful innovation requires a great deal of support and collaboration. When people are surrounded by constant communication and encouragement, they can find the courage to try, fail, redo, and try again.
操作提示：通过题目后的下拉选项框选择正确答案。 1. What is necessary in creating innovation culture? B.courage
2. How does 3M create its innovation culture?
B. define jobs around innovation.
3. The word prerequisite in “Make it a job prerequisite” means A. required as a prior condition
4. How does Gillette create its innovation culture? C. Recognize innovation in every part of the company. 5. The formation from idea to innovation needs C. support and cooperation 第二套
一、选择填空题（每题10分，共5题） 题目1
—It's about a successful businessman's management experience, isn't it? 选择一项： B. That's right! 题目2
— I'd like a wake-up call at 7:00 a.m., please! — OK,________________ . 选择一项：
B. I'll make sure you get one. 题目3
______ we can't compete in terms of size I do believe we hold an advantage in terms of dedication to customer service. 选择一项： C. Although 题目4
The key ______ successful implementation is clearly communicating the strategy to the whole company. 选择一项： A. to 题目5
We need ________ communication skills: listen carefully, think before you speak and manage conflicts diplomatically.
选择一项： A. outstanding 题目6
二、完型填空（共50分）
操作提示：通过下拉选项框选择正确的词汇。
This evening I met a friend at a local bar. She brought her laptop along so she could show me some of her latest digital art designs. As we looked through her artwork, the laptop suddenly started making an unhealthy noise, then the screen twinkled on and off and then cut off completely. And as we both stared at one another surprisingly, the terrible smell of fried computer circuits appeared.
I grabbed the laptop off the bar to inspect it and the problem instantly arose itself. The bottom of the laptop was completely wet and empty, spilt water glass rested against the side of her purse just behind where the laptop was sitting. While we were chatting and shifting the laptop's 17 inch screen back and forth, we somehow spilt a glass of water that the waiter had inadvertently (无意地) placed behind the screen, which was out of our view.
When life throws id some troubles like this, it typically doesn't make any sense to us, and our natural emotional reaction might get extremely upset at the top of our lungs. But how does this help our dilemma? Obviously, it doesn't.
The smartest and hardest thing we can do in these kinds of situations is to be more tempered in our reaction. You'd be much wiser and more disciplined than scream extremely. You should remember that emotional rage only makes matters worse. And please remember that once it happens, that will give us an opportunity to grow stronger.
Every difficult moment in our lives is accompanied by an opportunity for personal growth and creativity. But in order to attain this growth and creativity.
We must first learn to control our emotions. We must recognize that difficulties pass like everything in our life.