Unit 1 Terms of Shipment in the Contracts for
the International Sale of Goods
Dear sirs, Re：Contract No. 4567 Referring to our previous letters, we wish to call your attention to the fact that up to the present moment no news has come from you about the shipment under the captioned contract. As you have been informed in one of our previous letters, the users are in urgent need of the machines contracted and are in fact pressing us for an early delivery. Under the circumstance, it is obviously impossible for us to extend L/C No. 6789 again, which expires on 20th December, and we feel it our duty to remind you of this matter again. As your prompt attention to shipment is most desirable to all parties concerned, we hope you will let us have your telegraphic shipping advice without further delay. Yours faithfully, The Equatorial Trading Co., Ltd. Dear sirs, 40 metric tons Niccolite We are now pleased to inform you that we have shipped the above goods on board s.s. “Wusih”which sails for your port tomorrow. Enclosed please find one set of the shipping documents covering this consignment, which comprises: 1. One non-negotiable copy of B/L. 2. Commercial invoice in duplicate. 3. One copy of certificate of Quality. 4. One copy of Insurance Policy. The original of which are being sent to you through our bankers. We are glad to have been able to execute your order as contracted and trust that the goods will reach you in good time to meet your urgent need and that they will turn out to your entire
satisfaction. We avail ourselves of this opportunity to assure you of our prompt and careful attention in handing your future orders. Yours faithfully, China National Imp. & Exp. Corp.
Section 5 Word Bank
1. ports of call挂靠港/停靠港 2. expiry date有效期
3. presentation of documents交单 4. partial shipments分批装运
5. shipping documents装运单据/运输单据
6. liner transport班轮运输
7. shipping by chartering租船运输 8. sailing schedule船期表
9. liner freight tariff班轮运价表 10. weight ton重量吨
11. measurement ton尺码吨
12.direct additional直航附加费 13.transshipment additional转船附加费
14.port additional 港口附加费
15.port congestion surcharge港口拥挤附加费
16.alteration of destination additional变更卸货港附加费
17.deviation surcharge绕航附加费 18.optional additional选卸附加费 19. bunker surcharge燃油附加费 20.additional for excess of liability超额责任附加费 21. dispatch money速遣费 22. shipping space 舱位
Section 6 Useful Expressions 1.装船日期
1) Shipment on or about May 20, 2009.
2) Shipment not later than May 31st, 2009. Or, Latest shipment date: May 31st, 2009. 3) Shipment to be made during May/June, 2009.
4) Shipment within 15 days after receipt of remittance. 5) Shipment within 30 days after receipt of L/C. 2.包装要求
1) The packing must be strong enough to withstand rough handling. 2) Please see to it that the packing is suitable for a long sea voyage.
3) Taking into consideration the transport conditions at your end, we have especially reinforced our packing so as to minimize the extent of any possible damage to the goods.
4) We are afraid that we shall have to charge more for the designated packing, as it calls for extra labor and cost.
5) The packing should be double bags lined with kraft paper. 3.询问装船
1） We should be glad if you could manage to ship the goods by s/s …sailing from…on or about …
2）Please ship the first lot under Contract No. …by s/s … scheduled to sail on or about…
3) The users are in urgent need of the goods contracted and are in fact pressing us for assurance of an early delivery.
4) As the season is rapidly approaching, our buyers are badly in need of the goods.
Unit 2 The Practice of International Ocean Cargo
Transportation
Dear Sirs， Thank you for your inquiry of June 30, 2009. We are pleased to inform you that the M.S. Princess Victoria will be loading at No.2 Dock from 8th to 11th July inclusive. Following her is the M.S. Merchant Prince, loading at No.5 Dock from 20th to 24th July inclusive. The voyage to Alexandria normally takes fourteen days. The freight rate for crockery packed in wooden cases is ￡57.50 per ton. We shall be glad to book your cases for either of these vessels and enclose our shipping form. Please complete and return it as soon as you can.
Yours faithfully For P & O lines LTD M. Pickup Manager Sample 2 Shipping Agent’s Advice of Change in Sailing Time Dear Sirs, We should like to draw your attention to the recent announcement of the Gulf Shipping Company regarding sailing from ports in Middle East. Owing to the political situation, none of the company’s published sailing from Kuwait, Jeddah or Beirut can be guaranteed till further notice. The M.S. “COLOMBIA”, due Jeddah on May 11th will sail to schedule, but M.S “INDIAN” will not call at Jeddah on May 18th. The Middle East Line’s vessel “RED SEA” will put in at Kuwait and Jeddah between May 20th and May 25th. Some delays in inward cargoes are inevitable, but every effort is being made to clear goods now waiting in the affected ports. Outward cargoes have not been affected but may suffer delay if the situation does not improve. Kindly cable us your instructions for the holding or redirection of consignments now awaiting shipping or in transit to us. Yours faithfully, W. Ranchi Section 4 Tips 2. Different Types of Shipping Service The international shipping market offers four types of service, namely, conference lines, non-conference lines, non-vessel operating common carriers and tramp service. 2.1 Conference Line A shipping conference is a group of shipping lines operating in any particular route under agreement to provide a scheduled service with a common tariff and a fixed itinerary of ports of call. 2.2 Non-conference Lines In recent years, along most international routes, non-conference lines have posed a challenge to the conference system. This is attributable to the development of containerization and emergence of many independent carriers. As a result, along some routes, the conference lines have been forced to come to terms with the non-conference lines in regard to rates, and terms and condition of service.
2.3 Non-vessel Operating Common Carrier (NVOCC) An NVOCC is a carrier who operates a regular scheduled service. He does not own or operate the vessels by which sea transportation is provided. Although the NVOCC is a carrier in his relationship with the actual shipper, he is a shipper in his relationship with the actual carrier. He assumes the role of a principal and performs several functions. He assumes responsibility for ocean carriers, both conference and non-conference lines. He renders a useful service by providing groupage or consolidation service, particularly to small shippers who do not have much bargaining power in negotiating rates. 2.4 Tramp Service Tramp service has no fixed itinerary or schedule and is operated on any route according to supply and demand. Tramp vessels are usually chartered at negotiated rates, particularly when the quantity of cargo is large. Section 5 Word Bank
1. carrier承运人 common carrier 公共承运人 2. charter租船 3. consignee收货人
4. delivery order提货单
5. document of title物权凭证
6. non-conference lines非班轮公会航线 7. NVOCC无营运船公共承运人
8. port authorities港务局，港口主管机关 9. scheduled service 定期航运 10. shipping conference 班轮公会 11. trans-shipment points转运地 12. shipping documents 货运单证 Section 6 Useful Expressions
1. Please could you quote your inclusive rates on the following consignments? 2. Please let us know the present freight rates for large shipments.
3. We shall be glad to know the time of transit and frequency of sailings, and whether cargo space must be reserved; if so, please send us the necessary application forms.
4. Please advise us of the loading dates.
5. We shall be pleased to have your current tariffs.
6. it gives us much pleasure to send you our quotation of the freight rates asked for in your letter of?
7. In reply to your letter of 10th May, the rates we can quote you are as follows? 8. Thank you for your letter of 23 June, asking for tariffs. For your information, we are airmailing under separate cover brochures giving full details of the present
freight rates of our company.
9. As the cargo is to be transshipped at Antwerp, we shall require “Through Bill of Lading”.
10. All the cargoes are payable by us and the Bs/L are to be marked “Freight Prepaid”. 11. This is in reply to your inquiry of ____, we are now sending you a quotation of our tariffs. Please be informed the quotation is subject to change on account of the situation of the shipping market.
12. We hope to have the pleasure of dealing with your shipment.
13. We have to express our regret for being unable to accommodate the cargo you offered and to explain that this solely on account of necessary space not being available.
14. With regard to the accommodation for additional cargo as requested in your letter of (date), I regret to inform you that the ship has no more space allotted for that cargo.
15. If you require any further information, please do not hesitate to contact us. 16. Please feel free to contact me if you have any further question. Section 7 Exercises
1. Read the following letter and work out the Chinese version with your partner : Dear Sirs,
Information on Container Service
Thank you for your inquiry of May 12th. The shipping containers we provide are of two sizes, namely 10ft and 20 ft respectively. They can be opened at both ends, thus making it possible to load and unload at the same time. For carrying goods liable to be spoiled by damp or water they have the great advantage of being both water-tight and air-tight. Containers can be loaded and locked at the factory, if necessary. Pilferage is therefore impossible.
Being temperature-controlled, our containers are provided for any cargo that needs special care. This lends its full benefit in shipping.
There is also a saving on freight charges, when separate consignments intended for the same port of destination are carried in one container, and an additional saving on insurance because of lower premium charged for container-shipped goods.
We enclose a copy of our tariff and look forward to receiving your instructions.
Yours faithfully, Spike Chung
2. Translate the following terms into Chinese. carriage of goods by sea----- endorsement----- mate’s receipts----- shipping conference----- shipping documents----- 3. Find a partner to discuss the following cable: RYC 12 TH ETA/HAIKOU 2300/15 TH UREA STOWAGE DISTRIBUTION 1H/950 2H/2305 3H/1730 4H/1205 5H/970 TOTAL 7160TONS PLSARRANGE DISCHARGE SOONEST MASTER 4. 6 students in a group. Work as buyer, seller, and shipping company respectively. Try
to make out letters on enquiries and replies for information on shipping space, freight rates, frequency of sailing, charter hire, and other shipping services.
Unit 3 Ocean Freight Rates
Teaching Aims:
Ocean freight rates may be broadly divided into tramp rates and liner freight rates. Tramp rates fluctuate with market conditions of supply and demand. Liner freights are fixed by shipping conferences and other liner operations. Reasonable enquiry about ocean freight rates and effective calculation and reply play important parts in the shipment of the goods in foreign trade. This unit aims at helping the students to learn how to write effective letters about ocean freight rates in shipping business. A few sample letters have been selected for a preliminary study. Main Difficult Points:
1. The rules of writing letters of enquiry. 2. The rules of writing letters of reply. 3. The business terms Key Words & Expressions:
Ocean freight rates, tramp rate, liner freight rate, inclusive, vessel, enclose, tariff, observe, to the point, expectant, humbleness, favorable
Section 1 Warming up
Have a discussion with your partner about the question: in shipping business, how to make enquiries about ocean freight rates and how to quote them. Share your opinions with your classmates.
Section 2 Lead-in
Ocean freight rates play the key role in the procedure of shipping business. Reasonable enquiry about ocean freight rates and effective quotations will make great profits for carriers and shippers. Understanding all kinds of freights is quite necessary in writing letters about ocean freight rates.
Section 3 Samples
Sample 1 Enquiry for Freight Rates Dear Sir or Madam: We need ocean rates all inclusive for 40HC containers from Qingdao (China) to Miami or Port Everglades (USA) with wood products. About 15-20 x 40HC per week. Please indicate carrier and transit time. Send your price indicating the
total amount of money per container to be paid to the agent in the USA (all fees, commissions, document charges etc must be included on the price quoted).
If the price is right we will contact you back. thank you vey much,
Dear Sir or Madam:
We are on the lookout for Exporters/Importers who need the best of Ocean freight ex Indian ports to various ports worldwide. Besides we also wish to act as agents for F/Forwarders who need representation at Indian ports.
We possess 40 years of shipping experience and can handle A to Z in the shipping field. So why hesitate, contact us immedietly and see the difference.
Await yr prompt response. Regards Alhajj A.S.Basha
Dear Supplier,
We are please to intoduce ourseleves as one of the leading
manufacturers of Cast Iron and Ductile Iron products in South India. For this, we would like to tie up with a regular supplier of Cast Iron Scrap(Foundary grade) also called Used rail scrap.Our requirement is about 250 metric tonnes/month and in just a few month as we are heading for major expansion drive, our requirement would go upto 750 metric tonnes/month. Request you to please let us know your rate per metric tonne including freight to following address:
Hyderabad, INDIA. Please send your lowest quotations at the earliest. Thanks and Best Regards, Sandeep Sarda Sample 2 Quotation for freight rates Section 4 Tips
Section 5 Word Bank
ocean freight rate 海运运费 tramp rate 不定期船运费 liner rate 班轮运费
liner operator 班轮营运人 lump sum rate 整笔运费 stowage factor 积载因数
Freight All Kinds (FAK) Rates 均一运费费率；不分货种运费费率 basic rate 基本费率 surcharge 附加费
bunker adjustment factor燃油附加费port additional 港口附加费
currency adjustment factor (CAF) 货币贬值附加费
transshipment surcharge 转船附加费 direct additional 直航附加费 heavy lift additional 超重附加费 long length additional 超长附加费 surcharge of bulky cargo 超大附加费 port congestion additional 港口拥挤附加费
optional surcharge 选港附加费
deviation surcharge 绕航附加费
Section 6 Useful Expressions
1. Opening Phrases & Sentences Generally Used In Business Letters 1）特此奉告等
To inform one of; To say; To state; To communicate; To advise one of; To bring to one's notice (knowledge); To lay before one; To point out; To indicate; To mention; To apprise one of; To announce; To remark; To call one's attention to; To remind one of; etc.
2）为(目的)奉告某某事项
a. The purpose of this letter is to inform you that (of) b. The object of the present is to report you that c. By this letter we Purpose to inform you that (of) 3）惠请告知某某事项，等 a. Please inform me that (of)
b. Be good enough to inform me that (of) c. Oblige me by informing that (of) 4）特确认，本公司某月某日函件等
a. We confirm our letter of the l0th of this month
b. We had the pleasure of writing you last on the l0th of this month c. Confirming our respects of the 10th May,--- 5）贵公司某月某日函电，敬悉等
a. We have pleasure in acknowledging receipt of your esteemed favour of the 3rd May
b. Your letter of May 5 was very welcome
c. We thank you for your favour of the 5th May 6）特回答贵公司某月某日函所叙述有关事项等
a. I have the pleasure of stating, in answer to your inquiry of the 4th inst, that b. In reply to your letter of the 5th of May, I have to inform you that (of) c. I hasten to answer your inquiry of the l5th May, by stating that 7）非常遗憾，我们奉告您关于，等。 a. We regret to inform you that (of)
b. It is to be regretted that I must inform you that (of) c. I express my sorrow for announcing you that 8）遵照某月某日来函指示，等。
a. In accordance with the instructions given (contained) in your favour of the 10th May
b. According to the directions contained in yours of the 6th May c. In conformity with (to) your instructions of the l0th ult. 2. Complimentary Close in official letters:
(Very)Truly yours Yours (very )truly
(Very )Respectfully yours Yours (very) respectfully
(Very) Sincerely yours Yours (very) sincerely Lovingly
Section 7 Exercises
1. Fill in the blanks with a word beginning with the letter given below.
In reply t__ your letter of July 5th, the M.S. Moon is receving g_____ cargo from July 10th to 15th i_________, and is expected to c_____ loading on 14th. P_________ that there is no undue delay, we see no r________ why your goods should not be on b______ by 15th although this can not be g________. We suggest that the 20 cases should be d_________ to the ship on the opening day and we will do our utmost to comply w_______ your request.
2. Translate the following enquiry letter into Chinese.
Enquiry for Container Service Dear Sirs,
We wish to introduce ourselves to you as a large exporter of fancy leather bags in China and learn that your company is now operating a container service on the New York-Shanghai route.
Please let us have the particulars of your service, including the freight charges for it. We can promise you regular shipments if you quote a competitive rate. Thank you.
We look forward to your favorable reply.
Yours faithfully
Shanghai Dongsheng Imp. & Exp. Co., Ltd.
3. Translate the following Chinese into English 致悉尼新托马斯船务代理公司 代理先生： 咨询运费 兹有一批自行车货物1000箱由大连装运到悉尼，请给我们报价包括码头费、驳船费、卸货费及其他费用在内的运费率。 敬盼佳音。 “凤凰”轮船长谨启 签名
大连港2010年2月1号 4. Find a partner to write an enquiry and reply letter according to the following information. Sender: India Trade Fairs Ltd. Receiver: Jefferson Shipping Agent Co.,Ltd., U.S.A Date: Twenty first of February 2009 Remarks: Write an enquiry to Jefferson Shipping Agent Co.,Ltd., U.S.A, inquiring about the time of the voyage and freight rate for 500 tons of penuts packed in wodden cases. 5. Teamwork. Divide your classmates into several teams with 5 people in each team.Play the role of ship’s master, shipping agent, business partner respectively. Try to make out different forms of enquiry and relevant replies in the form of PPT and make a presentation next class.
Unit 4 Marine Cargo Damage and Insurance
Teaching Aims:
Cargo damage is a constant problem. Although all necessary precautionary measures to prevent cargo damage may have been taken, it is not always possible to eliminate damage altogether in marine transport. It commonly occurs in loading, discharging or carriage.When cargo damage happened, it is necessary to contact the insurance company to cover the losses.
Main Difficult Points:
1. The different types of cargo damage. 2. The coverage of insurance types. 3. The business terms. Key Words & Expressions:
FPA WPA All Risks stain bulkhead supervision liability
Section 1 Warming up
Have a discussion with your partner and give a list on the different types of cargo damage and what the exporter and importer should do to get insurance.
Section 2 Lead-in
When cargo is found damaged, it is necessary to estimate the extent of damage and also to find out the cause of damage for a claim for compensation. Damaged cargo must be verified as soon as it has been identified, latest at the time of arrival of the vessel and cargo at the destination. In trade business, the usual procedure is that when the damage is covered by insurance, and when the liability of damage lies with the shippers, the surveyor's report is submitted to the insurance company for a claim for compensation.
Cargo damage can be classified by cause into the following: A. Original damage B. Stevedone damage C. Heavy weather damage D. Sweat damage E. Pilferage
F. Inherent nature or vice of goods
Marine Insurance covers the loss or damage of ships, cargo, terminals, and any transport or property by which cargo is transferred, acquired, or held between the points of origin and final destination. Cargo insurance would cover the goods while they are being transported over sea, air and land (includes parcel post and carryings by courier service).
Section 3 Samples
Sample 1 Reply to the request of insurance
Dear sirs, Your Order No.09-0260--3,000 pcs. cushions captioned 标题项下的 We have received your letter of February23, asking us to insure the captioned order for an amount of 30% above the invoice value. Although it is our usual practice to insure shipments for the invoice value plus 10%, we are prepared to comply with your request for getting cover for 130% of the invoice value. But the extra premium will be for your account. Please take note of the above. Yours faithfully, usual practice 习惯、通常做法 comply with 保持一致、同意 premium 保险费 Sample 2 Notice insurance
Dear sirs, Please be informed that we will be shipping your order for 12 c/s Cameras per s/s \due to leave here at the end of this month or the beginning of next month. due to 由于 Unless otherwise instructed, we will arrange to take out an ALL RISKS insurance policy for you on the above cargo. This type of coverage is, in our opinion, necessary for a cargo of this coverage 保险范nature. 围 Yours faithfully,
Section 4 Tips
Guide to import and export freight insurance claims When the insured losses, after the insurance of the goods to the insurance company's claims arise，the insured person shall be in accordance with the provisions of the policy to the insurance claim processing procedures: 1, the loss notice: When the insured person or finds out that the insurance of goods were damaged, they should immediately notify the insurer in order to test the insurer loss. Second, the insured person or his agent in the delivery of goods obviously found the whole piece is damaged or deficient, in addition to the insurance company reported that loss. Third, to take reasonable rescue, organize measures: the insurance of goods damaged. Fourth, to claim back all the necessary documents: 1, the original policy or certificate of insurance; 2, the contract of carriage, such as bills of lading, consignment note and mail a single, etc. 3, commercial invoices; 4, packing lists, tally visas; pounds yards documents, customs 5, cargo damage certificate (train transportation - the railway sector shows that transportation and shipping - proof of the port sector, car - traffic management department certificate), if necessary, should be accompanied by on-site survey reports and on-site inventory loss record 6, the claimant list; 7, the loss photos 8, involving third-party liability, provide to the responsible party's message of recovery, and other necessary documents or documents. 9, cargo salvage value (if any) and its calculations or supporting information in accordance with 与…一致 the loss notice 损失通知 cargo damage certificate 货物损失证明 salvage n. 从灾难中抢救出来的财产 Section 5 Word Bank
insurance free of (from) particular average (FPA). 平安险（单独海损不赔）
insurance with particular average (WPA), basic risks. insurance against all risks. 综合险，应保一切险
risk of breakage 破碎险 risk of clashing 碰损险 risk of rust 生锈险
risk of hook damage 钩损险
risk of contamination (tainting) 污染险insurance against total loss only (TLO) 全损险
risk of deterioration 变质险
risk of packing breakage 包装破裂险 risk of inherent vice 内在缺陷险
risk of normal loss (natural loss)? 途耗或自然损耗险
risk of spontaneous combustion 自然险 risk of contingent import duty 进口关税险
insurance against war risk 战争险
Air Transportation Cargo War Risk 航空运输战争险
overland Transportation Insurance War Risk 陆上运输战争险
insurance against strike, riot and civil commotion (SRCC) 罢工，暴动，民变险
insurance against extraneous risks, insurance against additional risks 附加险
risk of theft, pilferage and nondelivery (TRND) 盗窃提货不着险
risk of fresh and/of rain water damage(wetting) 淡水雨淋险 risk of leakage 渗漏险
risk of shortage in weight/quantity 短量险
risk of sweating and/or heating 受潮受热险
risk of bad odour(change of flavour) 恶味险，变味险
risk of mould 发霉险 on deck risk 舱面险
Section 6 Useful Expressions
1. We feel it our duty to remind you of the matter.
2. Our investigation shows that, contary to the bad stowage as stated in your letter, the breakage of the captioned goods is attributed to the inferior quality of the containers which do not come up to the standard for transit.
3. It is difficult to detect damage, if any, from an external examination at the time of loading.
4. In respect to the towage of this peculiar cargo, we paid utmost attention to the coolness of the compartments, and especially in point of efficient ventilation.
5. We have spared no efforts to minimize the damage to the remaining portion of the goods by removing promptly the contaminated substances from the said goods.
6. As our usual practice, insurance covers basic risks only, at 110 percent of the invoice value. If coverage against other risks is required, such as breakage, leakage, TPND, hook and contamination damages, the extra premium involved would be for the buyer's account.
7. A W.P.A. or W.A. policy covers you against partial loss in all cases.
8. W.P.A coverage is too narrow for a shipment of this nature, please extend the coverage to include TPND.
9. We'd like? to cover the porcelain ware against All Risks. 10. Free from Particular Average is good enough.
Section 7 Exercises
1. Put the following into English
海难 船舶保险 意外事故 保赔协会 折旧费 通风不良 一切险 装箱单
2. Read the following text and discuss with your partner on the form of the letter.
Work out the Chinese version: Dear Sirs:
Tracing 5 cases Rubber Marked “MEF” Singapore/Marseilles B/L No. 150
At the time of discharging 450 cases of Rubber from Singapore to Naples u Bill of Lading No. 155, which was s in close proximity to the captioned parcel in the same compartment, 5 cases o to be “Short in dispute”.
As you are aware, although the parcel, which was l at Naples, is marked “TPC”, it is otherwise indistinguishable f above, and the possibility is that the 5 cases in q were mixed with the parcel d for Marseilles.
In this connection, I shall a it very much if you would kingly instruct all concerned at yours to m a careful check at the time of delivery with a view to t the same.
Should these cases outturn at yours, please f them to Naples to
complete the shipment, duly advising us so that we can i those interested accordingly.
Thank you in anticipation for your kind attention to this matter.
3. Translate the following Chinese into English
事由：关于“东风”轮所载的苹果货损问题
致收货人：
你方3月25日编号为BK-25函收到，获悉我船所载的第148号提单项下1000箱苹果货从横滨到伦敦航行中损坏150箱之事，我们甚感遗憾。
有关的这批货是装载在2号舱底舱和二层舱内，在装货前由横滨的劳氏检察员彻底检查过，舱室内的冷气和通风情况完全符合运输标准，使检验员和托运人均感满意。
在航海途中，我们也特别注意对上述货物有效地通风。从上所述，我们可以断定贵方所声称的苹果货损一定是该商品原有特性所致。这是我们无法控制的事情。因此，我们队此项损失不能负责。
另外，我们愿借此机会提请你们注意，托运人如不改进包装，今后将不可避免地发生同样损坏之事。
相信此事会得到你们的充分理解。
4. 6 students in a group. Work as Ship’s master, importer, exporter and insurance agent respectively. Try to take measures to cover the insurance and deal with the damage goods.
Unit 5 Applications
Teaching Aims:
Application is a formal written request you make with the appropriate authorities for assistance. In shipping business making an application is a kind of regular work. Letters of application have a fixed pattern though the subject matters varies with the ship’s business and parties involved. In this unit a few specimen letters have been selected for a preliminary study Main Difficult Points:
4. The different contents of Applications.
5. The different written forms of Applications. 6. The business terms Key Words & Expressions:
application crack cylinder liner ascertain crew list man visa ship’s master straightforward courtesy
Section 1 Warming up
Have a discussion with your partner and give a list on the different types of applications during the regular work of shipping.
Section 2 Lead-in
Application is a formal written request you make with the appropriate authorities for assistance. In shipping business making an application is a kind of regular work. The contents of application may cover an extensive range of ship-borne services, such as: applying to the tally company for tally work , applying for cargo surveyor, applying for using of shore facilities etc.
Section 3 Samples
Sample 1 Application for Surveyor
M.V. “Dong Feng” London 3 September, 2009 Far East Shipping Agency London, England Dear Sirs, Re: Applying for Surveyor We wish to inform you that a crack was found in No.4
Crack: 1、发出爆裂声 2、裂开,爆裂;断裂
cylinder liner on the present voyage from Rotterdam to London. cylinder liner: The damage of this kind, in our opinion, is wholly attributable 汽缸套 to insufficient strength, and/or latent weakness existing in the ascertain material of the cylinder liner. You are kindly requested to arrange for a surveyor to attend my vessel immediately so as to 确定/ 弄清 ascertain and verify the extent of the crack. The expenses incurred will be for the manufacture’s account. We look forward to your favorable reply. Sincerely, John Doe Sample 2 Application for Handling Crew List Visa M.V. “FAR EAST” Kobe 21 July 2008 Far East Shipping Agency London, England Dear Sirs, Re: Crew List Visa In accordance with the regulations of the American crew list: 船员名单 Government, any Chinese seamen in and with the ship man: 给...配置人员 sailing for an American port must get Crew List visaed by visa: n. (护照等上的)the American Embassy or Consulate in the last port of call 签字 in order that they can landing permits when the ship v.在（护照等）arrives at the American port. 上签字 Manned with 24 Chinese seaman, my ship in bound for the port of Baltimore after completion of discharging at this port. I am hereby writing to ask you to take our Crew List to the American Consulate for visa, we enclose herewith 4 copies of Crew List and shall be much obliged if you would kindly manage this matter without delay. Yours truly -(Signed)-------- Master of M.V. “Far East “
Section 4 Tips
Applications can be made in the form of a letter, cable, telex or fax, and the local agents may attend to this kind of business on behalf of the ship. Usually, the agent is prepared beforehand printed forms of various applications as appropriate. Therefore, the ship’s master may complete such applications only by filling up some forms. When you write an application letter, as a rule, the first step is to state your relevant information and requirements to the party concerned in a clear and straightforward sentence. The second step is to put in your request to them for assistant with courtesy. The last step is to express your desire that the above mentioned request will be fully complied with without delay. ship’s master: 船舶的船长 straightforward: 坦率地,直截了当地 courtesy: 谦恭有礼的言辞(或举动) Section 5 Word Bank
1. 贵函
Your letter; Your favour; your esteemed letter; Your esteemed favour; Your valued letter; Your valued favour; Your note; Your communication; Your greatly esteemed letter; Your very friendly note; Your friendly advice; Yours. 2. 本信，本函
Our (my) letter; Our (my) respects; Ours (mine); This letter; these lines; The present. 3. 前函
The last letter; The last mail; The last post; the last communication; The last respects（自己的信）; The last favour（来信） 4. 贵函发出日期
Your letter of (the) 5th May; Your favour dated (the) 5th June; Yours of the 3rd July; Yours under date (of) the 5th July; Your letter bearing date 5th July; Your favour of even date(AE); Your letter of yesterday; Your favour of yesterday's date; Your letter dated yesterday.
5. 贵方来电、电传及传真
Your telegram; Your wire; Your cablegram（从国外）; Your coded wire（密码电报）; Your code message; Your cipher telegram; Your wireless telegram; Your TELEX; Your Fax. 6. 通知 (Noun)
Advice; Notice; Information; Notification; Communication; A report; News; Intelligence; Message. (Verb)（通知，告知）
To communicate (a fact) to; To report (a fact) to...on; To apprise (a person) of; To let
(a person) know; To acquaint (a person) with; To intimate (a fact) to; To send word; to send a message; To mail a notice; to write (a person) information; To give notice（预告）; To break a news to（通知坏消息）; To announce（宣布）. 7. 回信 (Noun)
An answer; A reply; A response. (Verb)
To answer; To reply; To give a reply; To give one's answer; To make an answer; To send an answer; To write in reply; To answer one's letter. （特此回信）
Reply to; Answering to; In answer to; In reply to; In response to. （等候回信）
To await an answer; To wait for an answer. （收到回信）
To get an answer; To favour one with an answer; To get a letter answered. 8. 收讫，收到 (Noun)
Receipt（收到）; A receipt（收据）; A receiver（领取人，取款人）; A recipient（收款人） (Verb)
To receive; To be in receipt of; To be to (at) hand; To come to hand; To be in possession of; To be favoured with; To get; To have; To have before (a person); To make out a receipt（开出收据）; To acknowledge receipt（告知收讫）. 9. 确认
To confirm; Confirming; Confirmation; In Confirmation of（为确认...,为证实...）; A letter of confirmation（确认函或确认书） 10. 高兴，愉快，欣慰
To have the pleasure to do; To have the pleasure of doing; To have pleasure to do; to have pleasure in (of) doing; To take (a) pleasure in doing (something); To take pleasure in doing (something); To be pleased to (with)(by); to be delighted at (in)(with); To be glad to (of)(about); To be rejoiced in (at).
Section 6 Useful Expressions
1. Opening Phrases & Sentences Generally Used In Business Letters 1）特此奉告等
To inform one of; To say; To state; To communicate; To advise one of; To bring to one's notice (knowledge); To lay before one; To point out; To indicate; To mention; To apprise one of; To announce; To remark; To call one's attention to; To remind one of; etc.
2）为(目的)奉告某某事项
a. The purpose of this letter is to inform you that (of) b. The object of the present is to report you that c. By this letter we Purpose to inform you that (of)
3）惠请告知某某事项，等 a. Please inform me that (of)
b. Be good enough to inform me that (of) c. Oblige me by informing that (of) 4）特确认，本公司某月某日函件等
a. We confirm our letter of the l0th of this month
b. We had the pleasure of writing you last on the l0th of this month c. Confirming our respects of the 10th May,--- 5）贵公司某月某日函电，敬悉等
a. We have pleasure in acknowledging receipt of your esteemed favour of the 3rd May
b. Your letter of May 5 was very welcome
c. We thank you for your favour of the 5th May 6）特回答贵公司某月某日函所叙述有关事项等
a. I have the pleasure of stating, in answer to your inquiry of the 4th inst, that b. In reply to your letter of the 5th of May, I have to inform you that (of) c. I hasten to answer your inquiry of the l5th May, by stating that 7）非常遗憾，我们奉告您关于，等。 a. We regret to inform you that (of)
b. It is to be regretted that I must inform you that (of) c. I express my sorrow for announcing you that 8）遵照某月某日来函指示，等。
a. In accordance with the instructions given (contained) in your favour of the 10th May
b. According to the directions contained in yours of the 6th May c. In conformity with (to) your instructions of the l0th ult. 2. Complimentary Close in official letters:
(Very)Truly yours Yours (very )truly
(Very )Respectfully yours Yours (very) respectfully (Very) Sincerely yours Yours (very) sincerely Lovingly
Section 7 Exercises
1、Read the following application and discuss with your partner on the form of the
letter. Work out the Chinese version:
China Ocean Shipping Agency Shanghai Branch Application for Tallyman Name of the Vessel :__________ Nationality:__________ Berthed at_______________
Arrived on________, 2009 Application Date:_____
The above ship under our agency with inward/outward cargoes in package/bulk appoints you to attend to tallying according to Import Manifest/Shipping Order or Mate’s Receipt and making_____sets of Stowage for outward cargoes.
All matters relating to tally shall be dealt with by the ship in accordance with your Business Regulations. Tallying charge and other expenses shall be settled with this Company on the basis of “Tally Certificate” signed by the ship. This Company shall be responsible for the settlement according to the Regulations of the People’s Republic of China Governing Collection of Port Dues & Charges on Foreign Vessels and Import/Export Cargoes in international Trade.
To
China Ocean Shipping Tally Company
Shanghai Branch
China Ocean Shipping Agency Shanghai Branch Master/ Chief Officer 2. Translate the following Chinese into English 致远东船务代理行 代理先生： 申请验船师 请您安排验船师尽快来我船检查并正式甲板属具（deck fittings）在本航次从新加坡至伦敦途中遭遇风暴期间受损的程度，并再安排一位货物检验师在卸货之前来检查和确认所有船舱内所装货物的状况。 望迅速办理此事，不胜感激 “东风”轮船长谨启 签名 伦敦港2009年7月1号 3. Find a partner to write an application and reply according to the following particulars: Sender: China Ocean Shipping Agency Shanghai Branch Receiver: the Immigration Office in the port of New York ,U.S.A Date: Twenty second of February 2004 Remarks: Write an application to the Immigration Office in the port of New York, U.S.A, requesting twenty-four landing permits for the crew members of your ship on your arrival at the said ports. 4 . 6 students in a group. Work as Ship’s master, shipping agent, business partner respectively. Try to make out different forms of applications and relevant replies in the form of PPT and make a presentation next class.
Unit 6 Enquiries and Replies
Teaching Aims
An enquiry in shipping business is a request for information on shipping space, freight rates, frequency of sailing, charter hire, and other shipping services. Enquiries represent a great source of business; therefore, the replies to enquiries should be prompt, courteous and helpful. This unit aims at helping the students to learn how to write letters of enquiry and how to make replies in shipping business. A few sample letters have been selected for a preliminary study.
Main Difficult Points
1. The rules of writing letters of enquiry. 2. The rules of writing letters of reply. 3. The business terms
Key Words & Expressions
enquiry, reply, line, quote, fuel pump, voyage, due, shipping agency, shipping form, dock, inclusive, vessel, enclose, tariff, observe, to the point, expectant, humbleness, favorable
Section 1 Warming up
Have a discussion with your partner about the question: in shipping business, how to make enquiries and how to reply them. Share your opinions with your classmates.
Section 2 Lead-in
An enquiry in shipping business is a request for information on shipping space, freight rates, frequency of sailing, charter hire, and other shipping services. It represents a great source of business, therefore, it is essential to know and master how to make enquiries and how to make effective replies.
Section 3 Samples
Sample 1 Agent’s Enquiry for Sailing and Freight Rates November 10, 2009 New Thomas Lines Ltd. Sydney Australia
Dear Sirs, We shall shortly have ready for shipment from Shanghai to Sydney 4000 sets of fuel pumps. Each set measures 60×40×70 feet, weighing about 1000 lbs. Would you please quote your rate for freight and send us quote one’s rate for details of your sailing and the time usually taken for the voyage. sth. We understand that M.S.Victory is due to sail on 20th December, 对??进行报价 but we should like an earlier sailing if possible. We look forward to your favorable reply. due adj. 到期的，预定Yours faithfully 的 Sunshine Shipping Agency Co.,Ltd Shanghai, China Sample 2 Shipping Company’s Reply November 25, 2009 Shipping Agency n.航运公司；船舶代理Sunshine Shipping Agency Co.,Ltd 公司 Shanghai, China enquiry Dear Sirs, n. 询问，询盘 Thank you for your enquiry of November 10, 2009. shipping form n. 装运单 We wish to inform you that the M.S. Vanessa will be loading at No. 4 Dock from 5th to 10th December dock inclusive. Following her is the M.S.Victory, loading at n. 船坞，码头 No.8 Dock from 20th to 25th December inclusive. The v.停靠，泊靠 voyage to Sydney normally takes six days. The freight for the fuel pumps is 60＄per ton. inclusive adj. 包括的，包含的 We shall be glad to book your 4000 sets of fuel pumps for either of these vessels and enclose our shipping form. We book vt. 预订；登记 would appreciate it if you could complete and return it as soon as possible. vessel n. 船，舰； Yours faithfully enclose New Thomas Lines Ltd. vt. 随函附上 Sydney Australia
Section 4 Tips
Enquiry is used when a shipper wants to know the quotation or tariff for the goods to be shipped or the time tariff n. 关税 of the voyage. Enquiry can be made by letter, telegram telegram n. 电报 (cable), telex, fax, or even telephone. If you need to give more information about yourself or ask for more information, you will need to write a letter. When writing a letter of enquiry, you should observe observe vt.遵守 the following rules. First, begin with the sentence by introducing yourself or your company and tell the subject of your enquiry directly. Secondly, for each item of information you need, use a separate paragraph. Thirdly, separate adj. 分开的 keep your enquiry brief, specific and to the point; say to the point what needs to be said, ask what needs to be asked. 中肯，扼要；切题 Fourthly, write an expectant phrase or sentence, such as expectant adj. 期待的 “We look forward to your favorable/ early reply.” Last, favorable close with a complimentary phrase i.e. “Yours faithfully”. adj. 有利的；良好的； In writing the enquiry letter, remember to avoid using over-polite long, over-polite phrases and less humbleness. adj. 过于礼貌的 humbleness n. 谦逊；谦卑 Section 5 Word Bank
carrier 承运人 shipper 托运人 demurrage 滞期费 lighterage 驳运费 wharfage 码头使用费 break bulk零担货 cargo manifest货物舱单 delivery order 交货单 free storage period免费存放期 import general manifest (IGM) 进口货物清单
maritime traffic 海上运输 mid-stream 中游
port area 港区，码头区 port authority 港口当局，港务局 shipping line 货运公司 ship delivery 交船 shipping agent 船务代理人 shipping agency 船务代理公司 ship owner船东
short-landed cargo 短卸货物 entering and leaving port船舶进出港
Section 6 Useful Expressions
1. 咨询
1）Would you please advise us of the loading dates? 2）We shall be pleased to have your current tariffs.
3）We shall be glad to know the time of transit and frequency of sailings, and whether cargo space must be reserved; if so, please send us the necessary application forms. 4) Would you please send us details of your sailing and the time usually taken for voyage?
5) Please let us have the particulars of your services, including the freight charges for it.
6) We can promise you regular shipments if you quote a competitive rate. 2. 回复
1）This is in reply to your enquiry of ------, we are now sending you a quotation of our tariffs. Please be informed the quotation is subject to change on account of the situation of the shipping market.
2）It gives us much pleasure to send you our quotation of the freight rates asked for in your letter of ------
3）Thank you for your letter asking for tariffs. For your information, we are airmailing under separate cover brochures giving full details of the present rates of our company. 4） All the cargoes are payable by us and the Bs/L are to be marked “Freight Prepaid”. 5）We have to express our regret for being unable to accommodate the cargo you offered and to explain that this is solely on account of the necessary space not being available.
6) If you require any further information, please do not hesitate to contact us.
Section 7 Exercises
1. Fill in the blanks with a word beginning with the letter given below.
In reply t__ your letter of July 5th, the M.S. Moon is receiving g_____ cargo
from July 10th to 15th i_________, and is expected to c_____ loading on 14th. P_________ that there is no undue delay; we see no r________ why your goods should not be on b______ by 15th although this can not be g________. We suggest that the 20 cases should be d_________ to the ship on the opening day and we will do our utmost to comply w_______ your request.
2. Translate the following enquiry letter into Chinese.
Enquiry for Container Service Dear Sirs,
We wish to introduce ourselves to you as a large exporter of fancy leather bags in China and learn that your company is now operating a container service on the New York-Shanghai route.
Please let us have the particulars of your service, including the freight charges for it. We can promise you regular shipments if you quote a competitive rate. Thank you.
We look forward to your favorable reply.
Yours faithfully
Shanghai Dongsheng Imp. & Exp. Co., Ltd.
3. Translate the following Chinese into English 致新世纪国际贸易公司 经理先生： 我公司“凤凰”轮定于2月 20号离上海开往里斯本，如果贵公司有货由该轮托运的话，请立即电示我方为盼。 大连兴业船舶代理有限公司 签名 2010年2月1号 4. Find a partner to write an enquiry and reply letter according to the following information. Sender: India Trade Fairs Ltd. Receiver: Jefferson Shipping Agent Co.,Ltd., U.S.A Date: 21th February 2009 Remarks: Write an enquiry to Jefferson Shipping Agent Co.,Ltd., U.S.A, inquiring about the time of the voyage and freight rate for 500 tons of peanuts packed in wooden cases. 5. Teamwork. Divide your classmates into several teams with 5 people in each team.Play the role of
ship’s master, shipping agent, business partner respectively. Try to make out different forms of enquiry and relevant replies in the form of PPT and make a presentation next class.
Unit 7 Port Regulations and Agencies
Teaching Aims:
Information on foreign port requirements is quite necessary to a shipping company since they frequently furnish their vessels with the updated data in respect to port regulations and facilities. Because agents have a specific knowledge of local port conditions and formalities, shipping lines always appoint local agents for help. This unit aims to help students understand the importance of port regulations and learn how to deal with business letters about agent appointment.
Main Difficult Points:
1. General port regulations and their importance 2. The writing of agent appointment letters 3. The business terms
Key Words & Expressions:
appoint general cargo general berths DWT Loa anchorage navigational true course in bulk remit ETA ship’s particular
Section 1 Warming up
Discuss the basic port regulations with your partner and illustrate the business scope of a shipping agency.
Section 2 Lead-in
Shipping agents usually have a specific knowledge of local port regulations and their business scope can be very broad, with their services vessel’s entry into and departure from a foreign port can be arranged more easily, and loading or discharge of cargo can be handled more efficiently. That is why shipping lines always appoint the local agents in foreign ports.
Section 3 Samples
Sample 1 Information on Port Regulations
Dear Sirs, Thank you for your letter of 26 April, 2009 appointing us to be your agent, we are pleased to confirm our acceptance and please be assured of our best attention and cooperation at all times. Since your vessel is sailing for our port for the first time to discharge general cargo, we now furnish you the following information for your reference: A) Port information
appoint: vt. 指定 general cargo: 普通杂货
General Berths: Berth No.3: Loa182M, DWT 12500, Draft 7.31M. Berth No.4: Loa182M, DWT 22500, Draft 8.31M. Berth No.5: Loa217M, DWT 45000, Draft 10.01M. Berth No.6: Loa263M, DWT 85000, Draft 13.81M. Anchorage No.1 position: (Please Connect A.B.C.D) a. 35°02′12\ b. 35°03′52\ c. 35°02′01\ d. 35°00′20\ Anchorage No.2 position: (Please Connect A.B.C.D) a. 35°03′00〃N 119°32′21〃E b. 35°03′00〃N 119°36′00〃E c. 35°00′00〃N 119°36′00〃E d. 35°00′00〃N 119°32′21〃E The main navigational line from anchorage NO.2 to anchorage NO.1: 35°01′4\ 119°33′0\ to 35°02′0\ 119°27′0\ True Course: 277° VHF: Channel16. Water Density: 1.020-1.024 sea salty water Tide: 0-4.5M B) Other attentions: a) Vessels should first arrive anchorage No.2 waiting for quarantine and berthing schedule. To anchorage No.1, they must through the main navigational line under agent’s instructions, otherwise, safety is not guaranteed b) Please contact us via V.H.F 16 two hours before arrival. c) Don’t forget to show quarantine signal upon arrival: yellow flag in daytime and red lights in night. Should you need additional information, please do not hesitate to contact us again. Looking forward to our close cooperation in the future. Yours faithfully general berths: 通用杂货泊位 Loa: 全长、总长length overall DWT: 载重吨dead weight tonnage anchorage: n. 锚地 navigational: adj 航行的、航运的 true course: 真实航向 VHF: 甚高频 very high frequency water density: 水密度 tide: n. 潮汐 Sample 2 Agent Appointment
Dear Sirs, MV\\-VOY106 Ship's Protective Agent Appointment
This is to introduce ourselves, Oriental Reindeer Fleet Co. Ltd., we are operating a modern fleet of merchant ships for trade between China and Southeast Asia. We wish to appoint your good company as ship’s protective agent caring for above-mentioned vessel discharging iron ore in bulk at Lanshan. Master of per vessel asks for cash USD50, 000 at Lanshan. Please provide the bank details of your good company and we will remit the same to your account. Then please assist us to deliver the funds to master. Please confirm by return. The details are as follows: ACCT: Bertling bulk services London Owners: Oriental Reindeer Fleet Co. Ltd. Cargo details: about 35000 MT iron ore in bulk Load port: Kolkata Discharge port: Lanshan ETA Lanshan: 0700 LT 21st March 2009 Ship’s particular: iron ore: 铁矿石 in bulk: 散装 remit: vi. 汇款 ETA: 估计到达时间 estimated time of arrival M.V \ ship’s particular: Ship's Flag: India Flag 船舶特征 Build Year: 1986 LOA: 186.21 M, BM: 28.4 M, BM: 船宽beam GRT: 总吨 gross GRT/NET: 22041MT/13047MT 5 HO/HA, 4CRS X 25MTS 37544.66DWT ON 11.248M SSW registered tonnage HO/HA: 舱口/船 INMARSAT TLX: 441262810 舱 hold/ hatch INMARSAT F TEL:763669284 FAX:600324661 CRS: 岸吊cranes INMARSAT M TEL:764562955 FAX:764562956 SSW: 夏季最大海洋吃水 summer We look forward to your early reply and thank you in sea water advance for your cooperation! INMARSAT F: 海 F站 Yours truly 事卫星电话 Section 4 Tips
The basic customs laws or regulations applicable to the arrival and departure of ships and to goods imported or exported are more or less the same in most countries, although they may differ in procedural and documentary details. Generally, the main business scope of a shipping agency includes the following: attending to the customs clearance procedures for ship’s entry into and departure from a port; attending to the procedure for cargo operations and marine casualties and salvage; arranging pilotage, marine survey and
procedural: adj.程序上的 marine casualties: 海损事故
shipments; supplying materials, etc. salvage: 海上救助 Section 5 Word Bank
1. the particulars of the vessel 船舶规范… 2. call sign 船舶呼号
3. charterers’ agent 租家代理 4. protective agent 保护代理
5. net registered tonnage (NRT) 注册(容积)净吨 6. light displacement 轻排水量
7. load (loaded) displacement 满载排水量 8. actual displacement实际排水量
9. proforma disbursement 使费备用金预算表 10. disbursement account（D/A） 使费帐单 11. over weight surcharge 超重附加费
12. bunker adjustment factor (surcharge) (BAS or BS) 燃油附加费 13. port surcharge 港口附加费
14. port congestion surcharge 港口拥挤附加费 15.fumigation charge熏蒸费
16. Compulsory pilotage强制引航 17. statement of facts 事实记录 18. port logs 港口日志
Section 6 Useful Expressions
1、委任代理
1.) You are hereby invited to act as agent on our behalf when the subjected vessel calling at your good port on or about Jan 9th, 2004 to load a cargo of 20,000 mts of maize in bulk.
2.) Before vessel’s arrival, you are requested to apply CIQ for the initial and final draft survey and cargo quantity loading supervision on behalf/account of us.
3.) Upon vessel’s arrival, please inform us in written form vessel’s arrival condition. 4.) Referring to the question of ship’s agency, we are not yet prepared to consider this matter at present, for which we feel much regret. 2、接受委任
1.) We are pleased to confirm our acceptance of your appointment to act as your general agents in China for your liner services.
2.) It goes without saying we shall render you our untiring services if you decide to entrust us to be your agents in this port.
3.) For good preparations before your ship’s arrival at our port, we need your advice of the ship’s schedule 7 days in advance, enabling us to attend the entry formalities in time.
4.) Viewing the forthcoming Chinese Lunar New Year 7 days holiday, please urgently courier all shipping documents concerned to us asap enabling us to clear customs formalities in time.
5.) As regards agency commission, we agree to grant you a 5% to be calculated on the total amount of freight according to international shipping practice. 3、港口细则
1.)No vessels shall anchor in a traffic separation schemes.
2.) The port authority requires to be informed before vessel discharge if the ship’s hold has special structure, avoiding any ship’s damage.
3.) Pilot will be on board tomorrow morning as no night navigation at this terminal according to port practice.
4.) If all the formalities of operation and sailing are ready, the vessel cannot load/discharge/sail in 2 hours on account of ship’s reason. The port authority will give the vessel serious fines in the name of occupying the berth.
Section 7 Exercises
1. Put the following into English:
委托代理 安全泊位 港口使费 港口细则 挂靠 引航 船舶动态 卸货港 滞期费 载重吨 船长借支 移泊时间 2. Translate the following sentences into English
1）无须说，如蒙贵公司任命我们在此港口做代理，我们将为您竭诚服务。
2）4月25日来信及时收到，经仔细考虑，我们决定正式委托你们作为我们在利伯维尔港的船舶代理。
3）抵达时请记得出示检疫信号：白天悬挂黄色旗帜，夜晚则亮红灯。 4）请电告我公司抵离信息，包括抵离时船上存油和预计卸毕时间。
5）我们对于你提出作为我们在阿尔及尔港船舶代理一事深表感谢。由于我们在该港已有长期代理，暂不拟委托另外的代理，甚歉。 3. Put the following letter into Chinese
Dear Sirs, Agency Work for American President Line Referring to your letter APL/9168, we are glad to inform you that we have also received instructions from our head office, Beijing on the subject matter and the relevant agreement has been entered in our file. We are prepared to render our service for your shipments and will make every endeavour to look after your vessels calling at our port. In connection herewith, please furnish us with a certain stock of bill of lading forms for your shipments together with your vessels’ sailing schedule, if any, from time to time, also be kindly requested to authorize us to sign bills of lading on your behalf. Your cooperation will be highly appreciated. Yours faithfully 4、Write a letter in English according to the following particulars:
Sender: The China Ocean Shipping Co. Receiver: Medway International Shipping Agency Co. Ltd. Date: Eighth of October 2006 Remarks: Write a letter to appoint agent and ask for information on harbor regulations
Unit 8 Shipping Documents
Teaching Aims:
Shipping documents are legal documents that are along with the goods from the saler’s company to the customers.These documents serve as written evidence of handling and taking over cargo in each link of the chain of sea transport, and also as the necessary certificate for business connections of the parties concerned and demarcation of their respective responsibilities. Main Difficult Points:
7. The functions and contents of different shipping documents. 8. The different kinds of shipping documents. 9. The function and kinds of bill of lading. Key Words & Expressions:
discharge confirme despatch berthing do not hestiate appliction consignee stevedoring
a booking note stowage tally a mate’s receipt
Section 1 Warming up
Have a discussion with your partner of the different shipping documents that are needed in the trade. What the usage of each document and how to make them in English.
Section 2 Lead-in
Shipping documents are prepared by importers. They allow the shipment to pass through customs, to be loaded onto a carrier, and be transported to the destination. Usually, the shipping documents include: bill of lading, sea waybill, shipping advice, delivery order, booking note, shipping order, mates receipt, etc.
One of the most important shipping document is ocean bill of lading(B/L). It is the basic document between shipper and carrier, and between shipper and consignee.
Section 3 Samples Sample 1 A letter
Dearl Sirs： Thank you very much for your fax for appointing us to be the agent for your good and calling at manlla to discharge general cargo. We hereby confirmed our attendance and please be assured of our best attention and cooperation at all times for vessel quickest despatch. The vessel in manila is on 2nd
discharge v. 卸货 confirme v 确认 despatch n. 离开，出发
september. We would appreciate of the cargoes for our coordination and to ensure the berthing/discharging upon arrival. Meanwhile, we attached herewith copies of our shipping documents of the general cargo. We attached also the stevedoring charges for items 1 to 8 being liner out. If you need any additional information, please do not hestiate to contact us again. Thank you very much. Best regards.
berthing：停泊地;船边或隔间的钢板 stevedoring n. 装卸作业 do not hestiate 毫不犹豫
Sample 2 The Documents Required in a Letter of Credit
Documents required in the letter of credit: 1. SIGNED COMMERCIAL INVOICE IN 5 COPIES. 2. FULL SET OF CLEAN ON BOARD OCEAN BILLS OF LADING MADE OUT TO ORDER AND BLANK ENDORSED, MARKED \PREPAID\NOTIFYING LIAONING OCEAN FISHING CO., LTD. TEL (86)411-3680288 3. PACKING LIST/WEIGHT MEMO IN 4 COPIES INDICATING QUANTITY/GROSS AND NET WEIGHTS OF EACH PACKAGE AND PACKING CONDITIONSAS CALLED FOR BY THE L/C. 4. CERTIFICATE OF QUALITY IN 3 COPIES ISSUED BY PUBLIC RECOGNIZED SURVEYOR.--------由PUBLIC RECOGNIZED SURVEYOR 5. BENEFICIARY'S CERTIFIED COPY OF FAX DISPATCHED TO THE ACCOUNTEE WITH 3 DAYS AFTER SHIPMENT ADVISING NAME OF VESSEL, DATE, QUANTITY, WEIGHT, VALUE OF SHIPMENT, L/C NUMBER AND CONTRACT NUMBER. 6. CERTIFICATE OF ORIGIN IN 3 COPIES ISSUED BY AUTHORIZED INSTITUTION. 7. CERTIFICATE OF HEALTH IN 3 COPIES ISSUED BY
议付单据 .商业发票 清洁已装船提单 装箱单/重量单 质量证明三份 受益人证明 .原产地证明 健康/检疫证明三份
AUTHORIZED INSTITUTION.
Section 4 Tips
The circulation of the shipping documents: 1. The shipper makes an appliction to the shipping company by filling up a booking note, with the details of shipper, consignee, notify party, quantities and description of goods.. 2. If the shipping company accepts the booking note, they will issue an shipping order. With the shipping order, shipper could arrange loading of goods and forward them to the place as assigned. 3. The chief offircer works out stowage plan. 4. The chief tallyman checks the goods loaded on board against the tally sheets and signs the S/O. 5. Shipper will receive a mate’s receipt as an acknowledgement of cargo receipt after they forward the goods to shipping company/forwarder. 6. After paying for the freight(paid), the shipper turns over the M/R to the shipping company or agent in exchange for the bill of lading. 7. The consignee secures the B/L from the bank by payment for the goods and show them to the shipping company to get the goods. a booking note n.: 托运单 consignee n. 收货人 an shipping order n. 装货单 stowage n. 装载、装载物 tally n. 理货 a mate’s receipt n. 大副收据 Section 5 Word Bank
Different kinds of shipping documents
Combined Transport Documents (CTD) 联合运输单据 shipping documents 装船单据 Bill of lading (B/L) 提单 On board B/L 已装船提单 Shipped B/L 已装船提单
received for Shipment B/L 备运提单 Direct B/L 直达提单
Transhipment B/L 转船提单 Through B/L 联运提单 Clean B/L 清洁提单
Unclean B/L 或 Foul B/L 不清洁提单 Straight B/L 记名提单 Open B/L 不记名提单 Bearer B/L 不记名提单 Order B/L 指示提单
Long Form B/L 全式提单 Short Form B/L 简式提单 On Deck B/L 舱面提单 Stale B/L 过期提单
Ante Dated B/L 倒签提单 Advanced B/L 预借提单
Freight at Destination B/L 运费到付提单 Freight prepaid B/L 运费预付提单
Section 6 Useful Expressions
1. Then the shipping documents have to be attached.
2. Fifthly, we should strictly examine the shipping documents before payment.
3.We usually accept a confirmed irrevocable L/C payable against shipping documents. 4. This is one set of the shipping documents coverning the consignment. 5. The shipping documents are to be delivered to you against payment only.
6. In irrevocable letter of credit in your favour, payable in... against shipping documents.
7. THIS L/C NO. AND DATE MUST APPEAR IN ALL SHIPPING DOCUMENTS. 8. The total amount mush be paid in full upon receipt of the shipping documents. 9. The drawee makes payment when the draft comes due, then he gets the shipping documents.
10. Logistics Clerk Answers customer enquiries. Prepares shipping documents and arrange pick up and delivery of goods.
11. SHIPNG DOCMNTSUNRCVD WHN U SNT REP-shipping documents not received, when did you send, reply immediately
Section 7 Exercises
40
1. Put the following into English
货物单证 免除公司责任 一式三份 不可转让提单 倒签提单 已装船提单 备运提单 货物查询单
2. Fill in the blanks according to the text:
Dear (先生/女士) :
Thank you for (信函)of 1 August enquiring about the shipment of your order under Contract No. 4632. Please accept my (道歉)for the delay, which has been (引起) by the unavailability of shipping space from Bombay to London.The matter was, however, in hand and your consignment was shipped yesterday on board SS Pandit that is sailing directly to London.
Inclose one set of shipping documents comprising: 1. One non-negotiable copy of the bill of lading 2. Commercial invoice (一式三份) 3. One copy of the certificate of guarantee 4. One copy of the certificate of quantity
5. One copy of the (保险单)
I am glad that we have been able to execute your order as contracted. I trust the goods will reach you in time for the winter selling season and prove to be entirely (令人满意). I will personally ensure that you receive our prompt and careful attention at all time.
3. Translate the following Chinese into English
(1) 根据提单第八条规定，如果收货人不能及时从船边提取或拒绝提货，或有无人认领货物情况，承运人有权把该货物卸岸或卸在其他合适的场所，由收货人或发货人自负风险和费用。
(2) 我们提请你们注意：如果货物承运时已有破损情况，请勿出具清洁提单。 (3) 未征得我们事先同意，不能接受“保函”。
(4) 对在装货时已破损的货物在提单上加以批注，并不解除承运人对其他货物因此而遭受损坏的责任，这是船舶运输的常规。
(5) 应发货人的要求，我们在此授权您倒签提单并以发货人出保函和货物已在你们掌管下为条件，凭保函签发日期倒签的提单给发货人。
4 . 6 students in a group. Work as Ship’s master, shipping agent, business partner respectively. Try to make out different forms of shipping documents in the form of PPT and make a presentation next class.
41
Unit 9 Cargo Work
Teaching Aims:
It is the carrier’s responsibility to deliver the cargo to the consignee in as good condition as when it was entrusted. Therefore the carrier must ensure that all cargo handling operations, including the loading, stowing, carrying and discharging are done properly and carefully. This unit aims to help students learn how to deal with cargo handling operations through some carefully selected specimen letters. Main Difficult Points:
1. Basic rules and attentions for cargo handling operations 2. The writing of business letters on the subject of cargo work 3. The business terms
Key Words & Expressions:
forward loading ROB lower hold tween deck assure discharge consign charter party commence ventilate stowage
Section 1 Warming up
Discuss the following two questions with your partner: 1. What’s the responsibility of carriers?
2. What rules and attentions should carriers observe when they handle with
cargoes?
Section 2 Lead-in
The cargo handling process---including the loading, stowing, carrying and discharging ---can be very complicated, and slight negligence may cause huge losses. Therefore, communication on cargo handling is quite essential, and the master must ensure that all cargo-handling operations are done properly and carefully so as to avoid possible cargo damage.
Section 3 Samples
Sample 1 Report on Loading Conditions
forwarding: n. 运输、托运 Shandong Dongpeng Group Rizhao, China Dear Sirs: RE：M/V QUEEN LILY--LOADING COMPLETED Please be informed that subject vessel has completed loading 2130HRS/21st October 2008 and sailed 2340 HRS/21st loading: n. 装货
42
Global International Freight Forwarding Co., Ltd. October 22, 2008
October 2008. Cargo quantity: 3495MT; ROB: Fuel/520t, Diesel ROB: 船上存油 oil/85t, Fresh Water/185t; Draft: 7.23m/8.54m; ETA Lanshan 1100HRS/10th November 2008. Total cargoes are loaded on board as follows: lower hold: 底舱 Hatch No.1 steel bar: 钢条 Lower Hold: 350 bundles=1050 MT Steel Bar Lanshan tween deck: 二层Tween Deck: 55 bundles=165 MT Steel Bar Lanshan 柜 Hatch No.2 Lower Hold: 250 bundles=750 MT Steel Bar Lanshan Tween Deck: 210 bundles=630 MT Steel Bar Lanshan steel coil: 钢圈 180 bundles=900 MT Steel Coil Lanshan We believe that the pleasant cooperation between us this time will lead to further friendship and cooperation. We are looking forward to serving you again and please be assured that we are assured: adj. 确信的，有保证的 always ready at your service. Yours faithfully Martin Sample 2 Request for unloading
Dear Sirs, Re: Heavy Lifts We hereby wish to inform you that among the cargo to be discharged at your port, there are ten cases of machinery, weighing 18 tons each, consigned to Messrs. Green & Co. Ltd. As these weights are beyond the ship’s discharging facilities, We would like to ask you to communicate with the said company with regard to arranging the unloading of these cases on 6th March at 1000 hrs by their own means. Please also advise the consignees that in compliance with the terms of the charter-party all expenses in connection with handling these extra- weights are to be for their own account. Yours faithfully, (Signed) Master of M.V. “BM Explorer”
heavy lifts: 特重货物 discharge: vt.卸货 consign: vt. 托运、 charter party: 租船合同 Section 5 Word Bank
43
1. consignee 收货人 2. consignor 发货人
3. booking note 托运单 (定舱委托书) 4. shipping order (S/O) 装货单 (下货纸)
5. notice of readiness (NOR) 船舶准备就绪通知书
6. mate’s receipt 大副收据 7. loading list 装货清单
8.cargo manifest 载货清单 (货物舱单) 9. dangerous cargo list 危险品清单 10. stowage plan 货物积载计划 11. stowage factor 积载因素 (系数) 12. dunnage and separations 垫舱和隔舱物料
13. congestion surcharge 拥挤费 14. free in (FI) 船方不负责装费 15. free out (FO) 船方不负责卸费 16. free stowed and trimmed 船方不负责理舱和平舱费
17. weather working days (W.W.D) 良好天气工作日
18. tones per day (TPD) 每天装卸吨数
44
Section 6 Useful Expressions
1、关于装货
1). During loading, please ask your boarding agent to be on board often.
2). Please be advised that subject vessel completed loading at 1030 hours/ 24th；cargo loaded on board XXX MT.
3). We assure you that in order to keep the scheduled sailing it is necessary for us to force the loading work in spite of the heavy rain.
4) Please also fax us your daily loading report everyday. 2、关于卸货
1). . M/V Alpeas is now in all respects ready to discharge at this port for her cargo of steel bar and steel coil 335 BDLS =1065 MT
2). Please have the above-mentioned cargo assorted carefully when you land them from the barges.
3). As you are well aware, discharging the dangerous cargo of this description without proper packing or marking will cause a great deal of inconvenience for all the parties concerned. 3、关于积载
1). Specially heated or specially cooled stowage is not to be furnished unless contracted for at an increased freight rate.
2). As per master, at least 2meters height of bagged cargo should be stowed on the top of the bulk cargo for keeping vessel’s stability in case of the bulk cargo not reaching vessel’s hatch coaming. 4、其它
1). Please find following shipping documents for your reference and also please kindly confirm your safe reception by return.
2). Vessel waited for berthing due to cargo documents not ready.
3). We will keep tracing the status of original B/L on end, and present it to master upon vessel’s berthing for changing master’s discharging permission.
4). Please urgently be noticed that cargo was damaged by a sudden shower incurred at the midnight of yesterday. Now shipper and CIQ surveyor just go on board to check the exact situation.
5). The most important is cargo quantity; please inform us immediately if you find any problems. After office hours or during holidays, please call the following number at any time for emergency.
2.Put the following letter into Chinese Dear Sirs, With reference to the ship’s cranes which have a SWL of ten tons, we would be obliged if you could kindly instruct the stevedores that on no account are they to exceed the limit. During the night of 3rd/4th August the limit was exceeded at hatch No. 4 on a number of occasions in spite of the chief officer’s complaint to the foeman.
In order to avoid any damage to the cranes, we would prefer to keep the limit down to eight tons, and if we find this eight-ton limit exceeded, we may be obliged to stop the use of ship’s cranes and request to load with shore cranes. Thank you for your attention. Truly yours, Master of MS Ming Hai: Jiangtao Unit 10 SEA PROTEST AND GENERAL
AVERAGE
M.V. “CHUN HE” Port: HAMBURG Date: 11 April 2009 To: Port Authority Hamburg Name of Vessel: CHUN HE Flag: The People’s Recublic of China Port of Registry: Shanghai Gross Tonnage: 19.853 t Kind of Cargo: Containers Net Tonnage: 9,455 t Shipowners: COSCO, Shanghai Sailed from Singapore on 12th March 2009 through the Suez Canal and arrived at the port of Hamburg on 8th May 2009. Owing to the fact that my vessel has encountered unfavourable weather conditions during the present voyage as follows: When sailing across the Mediterranean Sea from 1st to 5th of May, we experienced boisterous weather with NW’ly wind of strong gale force 9 on Beaufort Scale. During this period the vessel was pitching and rolling heavily. Although all means of safeguarding the vessel and cargo (such as decreasing speed, sailing in a zigzag course or against the wind etc.) were applied so as to reduce the chances of being struck by the rough seas, the vessel was still manoeuvring with great difficulty. Meanwhile, the forecastle deck, ventilators and containers on deck were struck by the high seas all the time.
encounter v. 遭遇, boisterous adj. 狂暴的 manoeuvre v.移动,
And fearing loss of or damage to the cargo in consequence 运动 of the aforesaid weather conditions, I hereby note my protest against all losses, damages, etc. reserving my right to extend forecastle n.前甲same at time and place convenient. 板, 船头的船楼, Witnesses on board: quartermaster n.舵Chief Officer: 手 Quartermaster: Boatswain: boatswain n. 水手Encl: Abstract of Deck Log Book Signature &Ship’s Stamp 长 Master of M.V. “CHUN HE” Sample 2 General Average Statement 11th August 2008 Messrs., xxx Agency Gentlemen: Re: M. V. “CHANG HE” ---- Grounding, G. A. Statement We would advise that the M. V. “CHANG HE” ran aground off Dubai waters and as a result of this marine accident the Owners have declared general average and entrusted us with the preparation of a entrust v. 委托 Statement of General Average for this case. The Owners also demanded a General Average Deposit of 15% on the C. I. F. value of each consignment to be collected from the Cargo Deposit n.Owners. Apart from this, a Valuation Form has to be signed by the 押金，保证Cargo Owners together with a copy of the relevant supplier’s invoice 金 prior to the release of the cargo at the port of destination. According to our practice, the above cash deposit shall be paid Valuation into a special account in our name. We shall therefore appreciate it if Form货物you will arrange to forward us the same time, effect a remittance of the 估值单 required cash deposit to our special account entitled “CHANG HE, G. A.--- Account” with the Banking Dept. of the Bank of China, Beijing at remittance n. your earliest convenience. We are looking forward to your early reply so as to enable us to 汇款, notify the Shipowners for the prompt release of your cargo. Very truly yours, THE PEOPLE’S INSURANCE CO. OF CHINA Section 4 Tips
Whenever a ship has met with any of the following circumstances in the course of the voyage and as a result,
it is feared that either ship or cargo or both may have suffered damage, it is advisable for the master to note a sea protest: 1.whenever during the voyage ship encounters conditions of wind and sea, which may result in damage to cargo; 2.When from any cause ship is damaged, or feared to be damaged; 3.When through stress of weather it has not been practicable to adopt normal precautions in the matter of ventilation of perishable cargo; 4.When cargo is shipped in such a condition as likely to suffer deterioration during the voyage(but, in this case, protest will not be effective unless B/L was endorsed to show the condition of cargo at the time of shioment); 5.In all cases of General Average. Protest should be noted as soon as possible, preferably within 24 hours after arrival, an in case of cargo protest before breaking bulk. A good rule to follow is, if in doubt, note a sea protest. deterioration n.变坏 endorse v.认可, 签署 Section 5 Word Bank
refloat脱浅 grounding搁浅
voluntary grounding自愿搁浅 stranding触礁 collision碰撞 contact碰擦
jettison of cargo抛货 man overboard人员落水
all interest benefited各受益方 extraordinary sacrifice额外牺牲 statement G.A.共损声明 repair voucher 修理单据
provide G.A.securit提供共同海损担保 GA contribution共同海损分摊 GA adjustment共同海损理算 salvage remuneration救助费用 contribution due应分摊的数额
values of proportions saved获救财产价值 agency commission代理佣金
port of refugee避难
Section 6 Useful Expressions
1.
1) And fearing loss and /or damage, I hereby note my protest against all losses, damages, etc., reserving the right to extend same at time and place convenient.
2) Fearing loss or damage that might have been sustained by the vessel's hull ,machinery and cargo through rough and boisterous weather during the passage, I hereby note my protest against all losses and damages caused thereby, reserving the right to extend same whenever and wherever necessary.
3) In anticipation of the possibility of damage to the cargo, the hull and/or the machinery, I hereby note my protest against all losses, damages, etc., reserving my right to extend same at time and place convenient. 2.
1) Fearing damage from the above mentioned incidents, the master now enter this Note of Protest, reserving to himself the right to extend same at time and place convenient. 2) Enclosures: Abstracts of deck logbook covering the said accident. 3) Enclosed here in the Log Extracts covering the said incident. 3.
1) It has been established with certainty that ......
2) I wish to extend my previous protest to cover losses and damages as enumerated above and reserve the right to claim such losses and damages from the parties concerned.
3) As fearing the fact that the conditions encountered by my ship have caused damage to the cargo and my ship, I hereby note my protest against all losses, damages, etc., reserving my right to claim against parties concerned and to extend the same at time and place convenient.
2. Translate the following English into Chinese MS Freedom Port of Huangpu 11th,March,1992 To:Notary Public Office,Huangpu Marine Note of Protest On this Eleventh day of March 1992,Captain A.J.Nicholas,Master of Yugoslav MS Freedom declares at this Notary Public Office that his vessel sailed from Rijeka,Yugoslav,on the Fifth day of February with 5,934M/T of general cargo,and arrived at Huangpu on the Tenth day of this month,and that fearing loss or damage that might have been sustained by the vessel's hull,machinery and cargo through rough and boisterous weather during the passage,he hereby notes his protest against all losses and damages caused thereby,reserving the right to extend the same whenever and wherever necessary. Master of MS Freedom:A.J.Nicholas Unit 11 CLAIMS AND SETTLEMENTS