D) simple, functional, and divisional structures

53. A simple structure is ________ like a mechanistic organization, but ________ like an organic organization. A A) centralized; informal B) informal; decentralized C) decentralized; formal D) centralized; formal

54. This is a key characteristic in an organization with a functional structure. B A) adaptability

B) departmentalization C) flexibility

D) little specialization

55. This is a weakness of a functional structure. A A) favoring functional goals over organizational goals B) favoring organizational goals over functional goals C) failing to attain functional goals

D) overemphasizing organizational goals

56. Avoiding redundancy is a strength of which structure? C A) simple B) divisional C) functional D) corporate

57. In a ________ structure each business unit has complete autonomy to reach its goals. C A) simple B) functional C) divisional D) matrix

58. A media company that has separate, autonomous companies for movies, TV, Internet, and print journalism is most likely a ________ structure. A A) divisional B) functional C) simple D) matrix

59. Having separate payroll departments in each division of a divisional structure is an example of which of the following? A

A) efficiency, because payroll departments compete

B) duplication, because a single payroll department could do the job C) effectiveness, because separate payroll departments create jobs

D) efficiency, because separate payroll departments can share methods of operation 60. Looking for ways to make their organization more flexible and innovative, today's managers may choose this kind of structure. D A) simple B) divisional

C) functional D) team

61. In a team structure, ________. A

A) there is a clear line of managerial authority B) there is no clear line of managerial authority C) authority comes from top managers only D) no one has the authority to make decisions

62. In a team structure, team members ________. C A) are subject to decisions made by their supervisors B) can influence decisions made by top managers

C) make decisions and are accountable for their decisions D) make decisions only after first checking with management

63. All of the following are necessary for successful team structure EXCEPT ________. C

A) well-trained team members

B) team members with cross-functional skills

C) team members with years of management experience D) a fair and well-run team-based pay plan

64. In a ________, employees are recruited from functional departments to work on a specific project for a limited time period. D A) team structure B) divisional structure C) product structure D) matrix structure

65. In a matrix structure, a group member will typically report to ________. B A) a project manager only

B) both a project manager and functional department head C) a functional department head only

D) Group members are fully autonomous in a matrix structure, so they don't report to anyone.

66. When a group member in a matrix structure finishes a project, she ________. A A) returns to her functional department

B) stays with the group to take on a new project

C) enters a pool of available employees from the entire organization D) starts looking for a new job

67. By giving employees two direct superiors, a matrix structure violates this key element of organizational design. A A) unity of command B) chain of command C) span of management D) decentralization

68. A key difference between a team structure and a matrix structure is that a team structure ________ while a matrix structure does not. C A) empowers group members

B) works on projects

C) has fairly permanent groups or teams D) holds group members accountable

69. In a project structure, when employees finish a project they ________. D A) return to their department B) return to a different division C) move on to another project D) return to their regular work

70. A virtual organization is essentially ________ who come together for a particular project. B

A) a group of employees from a single company B) a group of free agents

C) a team of employees from different departments of a company D) a group of top managers and CEOs

71. How does a virtual organization save on costs? D A) by hiring people who specialize in what they do

B) by hiring fewer people than they need and making them work much longer hours C) by eliminating all administrative duties

D) by keeping only a small permanent staff for administrative purposes only 72. A ________ subcontracts part of a project out to outside suppliers. D A) virtual organization B) boundary organization C) matrix structure

D) network organization

73. A building contractor follows the network organization model when he does which of the following? D

A) does the framing and tiling by himself B) hires three workers to help with framing C) gives orders to workers

D) farms out the plumbing to a plumbing firm

74. A learning organization develops the capability to ________. C A) add new training programs to keep employees up to date B) accept the conventional wisdom of the industry C) continuously learn, adapt, and change

D) attract new employees who have special knowledge

75. A learning organization requires employees to ________. D A) encode information to prevent competitors from stealing ideas B) collaborate with competitors C) make all ideas public

D) share information and collaborate with one another

76. All of the following are characteristic of learning organizations EXCEPT ________. D

A) a strong sense of community B) a collaborative environment

C) managers who serve as facilitators D) fear of making mistakes

77. The culture of an organization is analogous to the ________ of an individual. B A) skills

B) personality C) motivation D) ability

78. Which of the following phrases best characterizes the culture of an organization? B A) our official code of conduct B) how things are done around here C) the most efficient way to do things

D) guidelines for where this organization is going

79. Sony Corporation's focus on product innovation is an example of which of the following dimensions of organizational culture? B A) member identity B) people focus C) risk tolerance D) conflict tolerance

80. Which of the following is NOT considered to be a characteristic of organizational culture? C

A) attitudes about taking risks

B) aggressiveness and competitiveness C) purchasing policies D) attention to detail

81. The original source of an organization's culture usually reflects the vision and attitudes of ________. D

A) the current president or CEO of the organization B) the organization's original employees

C) contemporaries who are admired by the organization D) the organization's founders

82. What does the story of 3M employee Art Fry inventing the Post-It Note to make church hymns communicate to 3M employees? B A) that church is important B) that creativity is important

C) that workers need to take a day off D) that workers never stop working

83. ll of the following show why corporate rituals can be valuable in a corporate culture EXCEPT ________. D

A) rituals help initiate new employees into the culture B) rituals reinforce corporate values

C) rituals symbolize key ideas that are important in the culture D) rituals intimidate and silence critics of the corporate culture.

84. Which of the following most accurately reflects the difference between strong cultures and weak cultures? D